D,Shannon-Wienner index H,Simpson index H' and Pielou index J_sw were adopted to make evaluations on the level of species diversity on herbaceous plant community. There are three kinds of sample areas under human disturbances of three different intensities in the investigated zone: flood lands under slight disturbance,mow grasslands under medium disturbance,and abandoned farmlands under severe disturbance. The results showed that sixty-four plant species that belong to 26 families and 53 genera were found in the three kinds of studied areas. Species richness significantly decreased with the increment of disturbance intensity. By analyzing the important values,it was discovered that under disturbances of all levels of intensities,the main bodies of the communities are composed of the species which belong to Compositae,Gramineae,Leguminosae,Polygonaceae and Umbelliferae. However,there was no obvious main edificatory in the communities under disturbances of different levels of intensities,since the important values of each species has no significant difference,indicating the intenses of interspecific competitions. The results indicated that the numbers of the species with niche overlap values above 0.5 in communities under light disturbances,medium disturbances and severe disturbances respectively accounted for 95.0%,85.4% and 74.2% of the total species numbers. Sørensen's similarity coefficient(S_S)between communities under disturbances of different levels of intensities were different. Sørensen's similarity coefficient(S_S)between communities under slight and medium disturbances,medium and severe disturbances,and slight and severe disturbances were 0.733,0.719 and 0.625,respectively. Species richness index D and Shannon-Wiener index H decreased with the increment of the human disturbance intensity,the sequences of them were slight disturbance>medium disturbance>severe disturbance,and the difference among disturbance intensities were significant. However,there was no significant differences of Simpson index H' and Pielou index J_sw among sample areas.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 1,2*, WANG De-Yi¹, LI Yan¹, YAO Xiao-Lan¹, ZHANG Yi-Bo¹, ZHU Yun-Hang¹, QI Jin-Qiu^1,3]]> HAO Jian-Feng^1,2*, WANG De-Yi¹, LI Yan¹, YAO Xiao-Lan¹, ZHANG Yi-Bo¹, ZHU Yun-Hang¹, QI Jin-Qiu^1,3 17true Kandelia candel and Rhizophora stylosa presented a single-peak curve, however, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorhiza and Aegiceras corniculatum presented a double-peak curve and an obvious “midday depression” phenomenon occurred, with the peak values at 10:00 am and 14:00 pm. Among them, midday-depression of photosynthesis in Avicennia marina and Bruguiera gymnorhiza was affected by stomatal limitation,however, Aegiceras corniculatum was affected by non-stomatal limitation. By path analysis, photosynthetic active radiation(PAR)was the decision factors and vapor pressure deficit(VPD)was the main limiting factors which affecting the characteristic of net photosynthetic rate( Pn)of Avicennia marina and Aegiceras corniculatum. In contrast to the situation of Avicennia marina and Aegiceras corniculatum, leaf temperature(T_l)was the main limiting factor and stomatal conductance(Gs)was the decision factor which affected Pn of Rhizophora stylosa and Kandelia candel. Gs was also the decision factors which affected Pn of Bruguiera gymnorhiza. The daily net carbon fixation amount was significant different among the five mangrove trees based on the leaf net photosynthesis rate, of which Kandelia candel was the highest(13.83 g·m^-2·d^-1), followed by Avicennia marina and Aegiceras corniculatum (9.48 and 8.24 g·m^-2·d^-1, respectively), the lowest was Bruguiera gymnorhiza and Rhizophora stylosa(6.72 and 6.30 g·m^-2·d^-1, respectively). The light compensation point(LCP)values of five mangrove trees ranged from 28.3 to 37.0 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 which showed the typical properties of sun plants. The light saturation point(LSP)values range between 169.3 and 1 189.3 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 of which Aegiceras corniculatum was the largest but Rhizophora stylosa is minimal. There were significant differences among the five mangrove tree plants of apparent quantum yield(AQY)(P<0.01), of which Avicennia marina was up to 0.064 mol·mol^-1 while Bruguiera gymnorhiza was the lowest 0.005 mol·mol^-1. The magnitude on grey correlation degree between light response parameters and daily net photosynthetic carbon fixation in leaves of mangrove tree species was the maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_max), LSP-LCP, AQY, LSP and LCP.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 *]]> LI Lin-Feng, WU Xiao-Feng, LIU Su-Qing^* 16true 2(50 m×20 m)were set up to investigate the plants in the tree layers, and the distance between 3 adjacent sample plots was 50-55 m. In each standard plot, 3 standard samples covered 4 m²(2 m×2 m)were randomly set to investigate the plants in the shrub layer and herb layer. It was found that there were 67 species of vascular plants belonging to 54 genera and 37 families in the sample area of 3 000 m². There were 4 species of ferns belonging to 4 four genera in 4 families, 3 species of gymnosperms belonging to 3 genera in 3 families, and 60 species belonging to 47 genera in 30 families. The floristic components were dominated by tropical elements and the proportion of tropical genus was 74.08% in the total number of genera. The families including Lauraceae, Fagaceae and Hamamelidaceae were dominant families, and Altingia gracilipes, Rhododendron championae, Itea chinensis and Altingia chinensis were the dominant tree species in this forest. The vegetation type was evergreen broadleaved forest, and the life form was dominated by phanerophytes, which accounted for 73.13% in the total species, in these phanerophytes, the mesophanerophyte life form was the most, which accounted for about 43% in the total species. The proportion of lianas was 17.91%. The tree layer can be divided into three sub-layers, but the individuals at height of 6-9.9 m number were the most. There lacked seedling reserve of Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Altingia gracilipes, Itea chinensis and Altingia chinensis, which indicated their populations were declining, while there were relatively enough seedling reserve of Rhododendron championae and Helicia cochinchinensis, and the population of Rhododendron championae was a typical increasing population. The analysis on plant species richness, Shannon-Winner index, Simpson diversity index, probability of inter-specific encounter and evenness index analysis was shown that there were higher species richness and plant diversity, more uniform distribution of species and interspecific encounter rate in this geomantic forest than other surrounding communities. In different layers of this forest community, the plant richness, Margalef index, Shannon-Winer index, Simpson diversity index, probability of inter-specific encounter were highest in the tree layer, while the uniformity index was the highest in shrub layer, and the dominance index was the highest in herb layer. The geomantic forest community had great similarity with other evergreen broad-leaved forest in East Guangdong and South China. This geomantic forest is a typical zonal forest in East Guangdong, its species composition in this region has formed after a long adaptation to the local environment and had the stability and versatility, therefore, the present research can provided a scientific reference for plant resources protection, protection and afforestation of ecological public welfare forest in South China.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 YANG Qi-He, PAN Su-Fang, LAI Wan-Nian, YANG He-Sheng, KUANG Wei 15true Citrus grandis var. shatianyu,the inorganic pyrophosphatase gene of C. grandis var. shatianyu was cloned and physicochemical properties of pyrophosphatase were analyzed. The total RNA was isolated from style of C. grandis var. shatianyu used the total RNA Purification System(Invitrogen)and following the manufacture's protocols. According to the EST sequence(internal fragment of inorganic pyrophosphatase gene)in suppression subtractive hybridization libraries of C. grandis var. shatianyu style,4 specific primers 5'-GSP1,5'-nGSP1,3'-GSP2 and 3'-nGSP2 were designed for amplifying 3-RACE and 5-RACE of the gene. The full-length sequences of cDNA of inorganic pyrophosphatase gene were obtained from suppression subtractive hybridization libraries of C. grandis var. shatianyu style by the SMART-RACE PCR method. A comparison of the similarity of the full-length cDNA sequence of the inorganic pyrophosphatase gene was performed in the GenBank database used the BLAST program. DNAman software was used for mino acid sequence and homology analysis. Prediction of molecular weight,isoeletric point(pI)and hydrophobicity were performed by using on line software ExpASy and DNAman. A 150 bp band in 3-RACE,and a 900 bp band in 5-RACE were cloned by nested and non nested PCR method. For the full-length cDNA sequences,the middle sequence,3-RACE and 5-RACE sequence of the inorganic pyrophosphatase gene were spliced and formed the full-length cDNA sequences. As a result,the cDNA of inorganic pyrophosphatase was 1 136 bp in length containing an 654 bp open reading frame(ORF),which encoded a protein of 217 amino acids with a 170 bp 5 untranslated region(5 UTR)and a 321 bp 3 UTR. The sequence of the cloned cDNA of the inorganic pyrophosphatase from C. grandis var. shatianyu was registered in GenBank under the accession No. KF990474. In addition,through the DNAman software analysis,the deduced molecular weight of encoded protein of the full-length cDNA sequence was 24.4 kDa and theoretical pI value of 5.96. Protein domain analysis showed that IPPase of C. grandis var. shatianyu and pyrophosphatase have the same conserved domain. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the IPPase gene was a hydrophilic protein without any signal peptide,has no winded helix structure and transmembrane domain. The full length inorganic pyrophosphatase cDNA from C. grandis var. shatianyu was cloned and characterized. Blastn search results showed that the sequence of IPP gene of C. grandis var. shatianyu was highly homologous with IPP gene of variety plants. The homology analysis indicated that C. grandis var. Shatianyu IPPase gene shared 87% nucleotide sequence homology with Populus trichocarpa and Hevea brasiliensis IPPase,and 100% amino acid sequence homology with Citrus clementina IPPase. The research results would provide the basis for further exploration of the function of inorganic pyrophosphatase in self-incompatibility of C. grandis var. shatianyu.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 1, WAN Shan², LI Hui-Min¹, QIN Ping-Sheng¹, ZHANG Yu¹]]> QIN Xin-Min¹, WAN Shan², LI Hui-Min¹, QIN Ping-Sheng¹, ZHANG Yu¹ 14true Polygonum amphibium is an amphibious plant which external morphology is distinct under different ecological environment. Terrestrial plants can be converted to aquatic plants, aquatic plants could also be converted to terrestrial plants under appropriate ecological condition. Meanwhile, the systematic position of P. amphibium is in dispute, and the species had been placed within sect. Persicaria or treated as sect. Amphibium. The ribosomal ITS sequences and chloroplast trnL-F sequences are very widely used in plants of phylogenetic investigations, including for the genus Polygonum, and which has provided many new phylogenetic evidences for Polygonum. In this paper, a total of 23 kinds of plants including 12 representatives of sect. Persicaria(P. amphibium), 10 representatives of other sections of Polygoum (sect. Echinocaulon, sect. Bistorta, sect. Cephalophilon, sect. Aconogonon, sect. Avicularia)and one outgroup Rheum palmatum were included in the survey. The total DNA was isolated by improved CTAB methods. The ITS region(ITS1-5.8S-ITS2)was amplified with primers ITS1 and ITS4 described by White et al.(1990). The plastid trnL-F sequences was achieved using primers c and f described by Taberlet et al.(1991). All PCR products were purified using a QIA quick gel extraction kit and then sequenced directly on an ABI3770 automated sequencer. The sequenced sequences and the sequence download from Genbank were analysized. The ITS and trnL-F sequences were aligned separately using the program CLUSTALX1.83. Rheum palmatum was designed as outgroup. Bayesian and maximum parsimony analyses were made on sequences of nuclear ITS and plastid trnL-F data sets using the program MrBayes 3.0b4 and PAUP*4.0b respectively. The sequenced nuclear ITS encompassed 735 bp aligned nucleotide positions, of which 489 sites were variable and 272 sites were parsimony informative. The heuristic search yielded 9 trees that were 1 084 steps long(CI=0.680, RI=0.614). The plastid trnL-F region comprised 1 121 bp nucleotide positions. A total of 427 positions were variable, and 239 sites were potentially parsimony informative. Parsimony-based analysis yielded 9 equally parsimonious trees of 551 steps with CI of 0. 911 and RI of 0.910. The trees constructed by Bayesian and MP analyses were basically congruent. Molecular analyses displayed that the ITS tree was similar to the trnL-F tree. In the ITS tree, Polygonum amphibium and other plants of sect. Persicaria plus sect. Echinocaulon formed three parallel clades; In the trnL-F tree, P. amphibium was sister to the remainder of sect. Persicaria with high bootstrap value. Molecular results could be achieved as follows: P. amphibium had a distant relationship to other plants of sect. Persicaria. In addition, the pollen morphology of P. amphibium was scattered ditch, the pollen morphology of the remaining species of sect. Persicaria were scattered hole. Combined with amphibious characteristics of P. amphibium, we were in agreement with Zhang's view that it was necessary to accord P. amphibium as section rank. sect. Amphibium was defined as herbs perennial, amphibious, rhizomes horizontal, aquatic plants: stems floating,leave blade oblong or elliptic, terrestrial plants: stems erect, leaf blade lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, ocrea tubular, thinly membranous, inflorescence spicate, achene suborbicular, pollen with scattered ditch.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 1,2, XU Chong-Mei^1*]]> QU Chang-You^1,2, XU Chong-Mei^1* 13true Gerb and Bntt were isolated from Brassica napus and Hordeum vulgare by homologous-based cloning method, analysis of the elements in both promoters, then Gerb::GUS and Bntt::GUS were constructed and introduced into Arabidopsis, and the expression patterns of Gerb and Bntt were observed by GUS histochemical staining. The results of bioinformatics showed that multi-copies of seed specific expression cis-acting elements and various stress response elements were identified in both promoters. Histochemical GUS staining of the transgenic plant indicated that in seedling stage, Gerb promoter showed strong blue GUS staining with the cotyledon and hypocotyl while relatively weaker of GUS activity with the true leaves and roots; Bntt promoter showed weak GUS staining in whole seedling; for adult plant, various tissues(leaf, stem, inflorescence, silique, etc.)with promoter Gerb presented visible GUS staining while with promoter Bntt a very weak staining was only observed on vascular bundle of silique and the leaf. Under various stresses, the expression pattern of transgenic line with Gerb::GUS showed no significant change, however, for Bntt::GUS, NaCl stress could cause strong GUS staining with silique and seeds, while no significant staining was detected in other tissues or under other stresses. These results indicated that Gerb and Bntt promoters displayed different temporal and spatial expression patterns, which may be helpful for screening seed-coat specific promoter in practice, however, the details of regulation mechanism needs further study to validate.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 *]]> LAN Xin-Xin, XU Dong-Sheng, HE Zhuan-Zhuan, LAN Hai-Yan^* 12true -1 FW(control)to 0.86, 0.85, 0.64 mg·g^-1 FW, respectively, after the sugarcane seedlings were exposed to 250, 500 or 750 μmol·L^-1 Mn solution for 10 d. Excess Mn inhibited iron(Fe)acquisition by sugarcane seedlings, which resulted in significant decrease in Fe acquisition rate(3.22-4.40 mg per plant). Fe content(116.8-128.6 mg·kg^-1 DW)in young leaves decreased significantly with the increase of Mn-treatment concentration. After the treatment with 250-750 μmol·L^-1Mn, Fe content in the leaves was equal to 89.4%-81.2% of that in control. On the contrary, excess Mn resulted in significant increase in Fe content in roots and stems. Moreover, both active iron content [Fe(H)] and the ratio of Fe(H)to total Fe(0.14-0.21)in young leaves under Mn stress declined significantly. Active iron content [Fe(H), 4.1-6.9 mg·kg^-1 FW] in the leaves was equated to only 25.5%-55.2% of that in control. The results of correlation analysis showed that chlorophyll content was positive related to Fe(H)in the leaves under Mn stress. On the other hand, the ratio of Fe(H)to total Mn in young leaves after the treatment with Mn declined to 0.04-0.01 while that in control was 0.71. These results indicated that excessive Mn could induce the chlorosis in sugarcane seedlings, and the inhibition of acquisition, transportation and activation of Fe by Mn are involved in the induction of the chlorosis.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 1, HUANG Yu-Lan¹, YANG Shu¹,ZHAO Zun-Kang¹, LI Xiao-Feng^1,2*]]> WU Xing¹, HUANG Yu-Lan¹, YANG Shu¹,ZHAO Zun-Kang¹, LI Xiao-Feng^1,2* 11true P<0.01), the coefficient correlation was 0.768. The selenium content in new leaves had a significant positive correlation with the 0-20 cm surface soil(P<0.05). The zinc and selenium were absorbed and translocated from soil by tea roots usually. The absorption and transfer efficiency was not only decided by the content in soil, but also related to soil texture, temperature, humidity and other external factors in the tea garden. There was a great difference between zinc and selenium in the physiological and metabolic pathway of tea. Therefore, we need to further research the the absorption and transformation of trace elements zinc, selenium in tea, the existing form and mechanism of action, the correlation of the zinc and selenium content in tea and garden planting soil in different production regions. These are of great significant application values for producing organic tea with appropriate zinc and selenium contents to human's health.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 1, HUANG Cai-Mei², ZHOU Sheng-Yong², WANG Jian-Wen³, ZOU Tian-Cai^3*]]> LIU Hai-Yan¹, HUANG Cai-Mei², ZHOU Sheng-Yong², WANG Jian-Wen³, ZOU Tian-Cai^3* 10true Achyranthes bidentata, seeds of A. bidentata were soaked for 3 h by different concentrations( 0,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25 mmol·L^-1 )of methy jasmonate, and the control groups were soaked in the same volume of distilled water in this study. The determination of plant height, root length, fresh weight of aboveground and root of A. bidentata were done after 60 d. The contents of ecdysterone and oleanolic acid in roots and leaves of A. bidentata were determined by HPLC. The results showed that the 0.15 mmol·L^-1 MeJA treatment sample was benefitial for plant height, root length, fresh weight of aboveground and root. Compared with control, the biomass respectively be increased( 43.9%,38.7%,26.4%,64.0%, P<0.05 )observably. The 0.15 mmol·L^-1 MeJA treatment sample was also benefitial for oleanolic acid accumulation in roots and leaves of A. bidentata. It had the highest amount respectively( 114.3% and 60%, P<0.05 ). The 0.25 mmol·L^-1 MeJA treatment sample was significantly promoted ecdysterone accumulation in roots, but inhibited oleanolic acid accumulation in roots and leaves and ecdysterone in leaves of A. bidentata. These results suggested that 0.15 mmol·L^-1 MeJA soaking was benefitial for the growth, oleanolic acid accumulation in roots and leaves, and would significantly promote ecdysterone accumulation in roots of A. bidentata, and be helpful to improve the quality and yield of medicinal materials.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 *, QI Wan-Zhen, GUO Xiao-Shuang, WANG Can, ZHANG Yuan-Hao, WANG Di, SU Huan-Huan]]> LI Jin-Ting^*, QI Wan-Zhen, GUO Xiao-Shuang, WANG Can, ZHANG Yuan-Hao, WANG Di, SU Huan-Huan 9true 2015/12/11 0:00:00 *, DING Zheng-Cheng, HOU Yan-Jie, XU Jiong-Zhi]]> MA Zhi-Hang, XUE Jin-Jun^*, DING Zheng-Cheng, HOU Yan-Jie, XU Jiong-Zhi 8true Lithocarpus polystachyus is a kind of precious natural wild medicinal plants, and can develop health food pigment and natural medicinal drugs. There are rich plant resources in Guangxi. To provide certain reference for early selecting the superior germplasm, seeds from such four origins as Bama, Napo, Debao and Tianlin County were collected and sowed through ascertain difference of leaf morphology index and growth index in seedling plants between different origins of L. polystachyus in Guangxi, for nursing seedlings respectively,and tracking to survey and determine the leaf traits and growth of seedlings aged one,and then compared the degree of variation of leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, vein spacing, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry matter content, specific leaf area, leaf tissue density, the relative contents of chlorophyll, leaf water retention, plant height, ground diameter, dry weight per plant, taproot length,root dry weight per plant,leaf dry weight per plant between different origins of plants, and further to analyze the correlation between leaf traits and growth of seedling. The results were as follows:(1)There were a lot of differences in leaf traits and seedling growth among different origins, in which the length, width, LAI(leaf-area-index), veins distance, fresh weight, dry weight, tissue density of leaves and mean height, diameter, whole dry weight, root length, root dry weight of individual seedling from Bama were significantly higher than those from Napo, Debao and Tianlin. Mean biomass of individual seedling from Bama was one to two times as much as those from other three origins. Analysis from leaf water holding ability and net growth rate showed that the drought tolerance of seedlings from Bama were higher than those from three other origins. In conclusion, Bama could be considered as a superior provenance on a preliminary basis;(2)The growth peak of L. polystachyus was in August in Guangxi, the plant height and the ground diameter growed significantly at this time. In order to obtain the largest accumulation of seedling growth,some proposal that strengthen the water management, adjust the suitable conditions of field water, and as far as possible to prolong rapid growth of seedlings should be put forward;(3)Correlation analysis indicated that LAI had extremely positive correlation with seedling height, diameter, individual whole dry weight, root length, individual root dry weight and individual leaf dry weight, The veins distance and SPAD value both had positive correlation with seedling height and individual seedling whole dry weight, while SLA(specific leaf area)had negative correlation with seedling height and diameter. Therefore, during the phenotype selection in the future, priorities should go to the seedlings with mature thick-green leaves of broad leaf area and veins distance.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 *]]> ZENG Xiang-Yan, CHEN Jin-Yan, LIAO Jian-Ming, LI Jian-Lin, MA Jin-Lin^* 7true 2 for 20 min after the pretreatment was the best disinfection method for grapefruit seeds with the contamination rate of 18.33%, and the germination rate of 89.91%;(2)The best medium for the primary culture was MT+1.0 mg·L^-16-BA(6-Benzylaminopurine)+0.2 mg·L^-1IBA(Indole-3-Butytric acid)+0.2 mg·L^-1GA(Gibberellic acid)+sucrose 40 g·L^-1, the axillary shoot induction rate was up to 93.33%;(3)GA the concentration of which was 0.2 mg·L^-1 could improve the axillary shoot induction rate of primary culture, but couldn't reach significant level;(4)MT+0.5 mg·L^-16-BA+0.2 mg·L^-1IBA+0.2 mg·L^-1GA+sucrose 40 g·L^-1 was the most suitable for the subculture with the multiplication coefficient of 4.25, the shoots were dark green with vigorous growth, the stems were thick and internodes were relatively long;(5)GA the concentration of which was 0.2 mg·L^-1 could significantly improve the multiplication coefficient of subculture;(6)The most suitable concentration of sucrose for the subculture was 40 g·L^-1, the clustered shoots' growth was excellent;(7)The best rooting medium was 1/2MT+NAA 0.2 mg·L^-1+sucrose 40 g·L^-1+AC 0.1%+sucrose 40 g·L^-1 with the rooting rate of 68.89%, the roots were very sturdy;(8)The transplant survival rate of rooting plantlets was up to 75% after being transplanted for 30 d. Through the experiment the tissue culture and rapid propagation technique system of grapefruit was established, which would provided a feasible technical basis for the mass production of grapefruit.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 *, WANG Lian-Chun, LIU Peng, WU Hai-Bo]]> YE Wei-Yan, GUO Xiao-Yue, LIU Hui-Min^*, WANG Lian-Chun, LIU Peng, WU Hai-Bo 6true Sapindus mukorossi is a traditional and important virescencetree species in the south part of China with rich saponins in peel and rich oil in seed. This tree species is one of the newly-developed woody oil species that were approved by the State Forestry Administration of China. For optimizing ISSR-PCR reaction system of S. mukorossi, based on KOD FX High-fidelity DNA Polymerase Kit, orthogonal design experiments were conducted. The main factors affecting ISSR-PCR amplification, such as suitable concentration of primer, dNTPs, KOD FX DNA polymerase, DNA template and 2&#215;PCR buffer for KOD FX were studied. Furthermore, the annealing temperature was optimized on the base of the above tests. An ideally ISSR-PCR reaction system was established, namely 25 μL reaction system containing primer 0.5 μmol·L^-1,dNTPs 0.05 mmol·L^-1,KOD FX DNA polymerase 0.06 U·μL^-1、DNA template 1.0 ng·μL^-1 and Mg2+ 1.0 mmol·L^-1. The optimal PCR amplification program was: The profile of ISSR-PCR was an initial denaturation step for 2 min 94 ℃,followed by 35 cycles of 30 s at 98 ℃ for denaturation, 30 s at 48.6 ℃ for annealing, 90 s at 68 ℃ for extension, finally extension at 68 ℃ for 7 min and holding the samples at 4 ℃. This optimized ISSR-PCR reaction system would provide the basis for the analysis of genetic diversity, genetic structure, germplasm innovation and molecular assisted selection in S. mukorossi.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 1,2, SHAO Wen-Hao1, JIANG Jing-Min1*, LUAN Qi-Fu1]]> DIAO Song-Feng1,2, SHAO Wen-Hao1, JIANG Jing-Min1*, LUAN Qi-Fu1 5true -2, with a mean yield of 2.36 t·hm^-2. Clustering analysis showed that the 25 cultivars could mainly be divided into two types. i.e. glutinous and indica rice. The two types could be further classified into six categories, exhibiting abundant traits and diverse germplasm. Cultivars collected from different regions had genetic relationships, but species with peculiar traits showed a regional distribution. The conservation of these shanlan rice germplasm resource is needed which may not need lot of investment, and research works should be focused on the breeding and cultivation techniques to enhance the yield of Shanlan rice. The present paper suggests some development and exploitation approaches of Shanlan rice should be combined with ecological protection, resource conservation as well as social needs.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 2, LUO Wen-Qi¹, WANG Bo², YANG Xiao-Bo^1* ]]> HUANG Chun-Yan², LUO Wen-Qi¹, WANG Bo², YANG Xiao-Bo^1* 4true 2015/12/11 0:00:00 1, Khasbagen², GAO Feng², CHENG Wei-Yan¹, GAO Ying¹]]> JIN Lan¹, Khasbagen², GAO Feng², CHENG Wei-Yan¹, GAO Ying¹ 3true Camellia oleifera is an important woody oil crops in china. In hydroponic conditions, apparent and related physiological indexes changes responding to short-term treatment of manganese ion with different concentrations were tracking analyzed in the present research in order to understand the early physiological response rules and tolerance ability to high manganese stress of C. oleifera seedlings. Seedlings(Xianglin No.7)for researching were provided by the C. oleifera breeding base of Hunan University of Science and Engineering. Seedlings were cultured in Hoagland's nutrient solution with different manganese concentrations of 0.005(CK), 0.1, 1, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 mmol·L^-1. Then the apparent changes with treating day were observed, and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD), the content of malondialdehyde(MDA), soluble sugar and chlorophyll were determinated by methods from references. The results were as follows:(1)Leaves appeared chlorosis, brown spot, shedding when manganese concentration reached 4 mmol·L^-1 and part of the plants died when concentration exceeded 8 mmol·L^-1; the symptoms became more serious with concentration came to a higher level;(2)With the increasing of manganese concentration, the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)and the chlorophyll content increased first and then reduced in leaves, and the enzymes activity dropped more dramatically when manganese concentration reached 8 mmol·L^-1; the content of MDA and soluble sugar kept increasing and showed more significantly as the concentration exceeded 8 mmol·L^-1;(3)With the increasing of culturing days, soluble sugar and MDA content in 8 mmol·L^-1 group kept increasing while the chlorophyll content decreased continuously, POD and SOD enzyme activity increased in initial stage(0-20 d)and turned into opposite later(20-50 d); in these groups with concentration lower than 8 mmol·L^-1, the variation amplitude of each indexes was more gentle with the concentration decreased.(4)The change degree of SOD activity was always greater than that of POD during the whole treatment process(Paired t-Test, P<0.01). These results indicate that effective physiological responses reduce the toxic effects of manganese stress making C. oleifera seedlings show a good tolerance to manganese(≤8 mmol·L^-1), the antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and POD play an important role in this process.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 *, CHENG Jun, TANG Qiu-Ling, LIU Xiao-Qing, YIN Xiao-Lin]]> LIAO Yang, YAN Rong-Ling^*, CHENG Jun, TANG Qiu-Ling, LIU Xiao-Qing, YIN Xiao-Lin 2true Cedrus deodara(Pinaceae family), which consists of C. deodara, C. libani, C. brevifolia and C. atlantica, is an evergreen tree growing extensively on the slopes of the Himalayas. Its leaves was a kind of chinese medicine for a long history. Its main chemical constituents include flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, organicacid,triterpenes,steroids,polysaccharides leaf glue and so on. The major pharmacological activities of pine needles of C. deodara include antitumor, antioxidation, improving memory, antibacterial and antivirus, ect. In order to determine proanthocyanidin content and DPPH radical scavenging activity of different parts from C. deodara. In this study, Fe³⁺ ion was used for catalysator, n-BuOH:HCl(95:5)was chromogenic agent and the detection wave-lengths were at 550 nm. And the content of proanthocyanidin was determined in different parts from C. deodara by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. And antioxidant activity of extract from different parts of C. deodara were investigated by scavenging 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical(DPPH). The results showed that proanthocyanidins content in different parts of C. deodara was pine needles(12.93%),inflorescence(12.93%),bark(12.00%), wood(6.41%), tender branchlets(3.37%). The extract from different parts of C. deodara had good antioxidant activity. In a certain concentration scope, there was a strong positive correlation between the scavenging activity and the concentrations. The order of IC₅₀ was tender branchlets > pine needles > wood> bark > inflorescence. Except for branchlets, their DPPH scavenging activities were around 90% while the concentration of the extract from different parts was 0.8 mg·mL^-1. The results indicated that there were higher proanthocyanidins content and antioxidant activities in different parts of C. deodara, which provide the reference on comprehensive development and utilization of C. deodara.]]> 2015/12/11 0:00:00 1, SHI Xiao-Feng^1*, NING Hong-Xia², HU Cai-Xiang¹]]> SHEN Wei¹, SHI Xiao-Feng^1*, NING Hong-Xia², HU Cai-Xiang¹ 1true