State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; 2.Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:50 1, WEI Yi-Gang²]]> WANG Wen-Tsai¹, WEI Yi-Gang² 17true Monimopetalum chinense was extracted from the silica gel dried leaves. The optimized reaction system and programme of inter simple sequence repeats(ISSR)for M.chinense are as follows:the reactions were performed in a volume of 20 μL containing 20 ng of template DNA,2.375 mmol/L Mg²⁺,0.15 mmol/L dNTPs,1.5U Taq DNA polymerase,225 nmol/L primer; thermal cycling was programmed by 1 cycle for 5 min at 94 ℃,followed by 35 cycles for 15 s at 94 ℃,45 s at 48～50 ℃ and 1 min at 72 ℃,and finally,by 1 cycle for 10 min at 72 ℃,stored at 4 ℃.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:50 *, ZHENG Yan-Ling, PENG Xiao-Yu]]> XIE Guo-Wen, ZHANG Jin-Xing^*, ZHENG Yan-Ling, PENG Xiao-Yu 16true Kobresia were comparatively studied with the help of scanning electron microscope and paraffin section method in order to illustrate the characters of adapting to the environment.(1)Their leaves,the epidermis cell wall and cuticle are thick. Their palisade tissues are developed, which can settle the transportation of nutrient substance in horizon. The developed mechanical tissues can support them when lack of water and evading the damage from strong wind. Air cavity is well- developed,big and distinct. They have typical structure to adapt to the arid environment.(2)Some species have their own characteristics besids these. There are 7 species that have papillaes in adaxial side,which can prevent them from strong ultraviolet radiation. The species of K.pygmae and K.vidua have decrescent leaf area. There are hypodermis for 5 species,which can reserve water and can keep the plants active. In short,13 species have particular structure to adapt to the frigid and arid environment.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:50 1,2, CUI Yan¹, MA Shi-Rong¹, LI Qiao-Xia¹, WANG Gang²]]> ZHAO Qing-Fang^1,2, CUI Yan¹, MA Shi-Rong¹, LI Qiao-Xia¹, WANG Gang² 15true Polygonatum cyrtonema from five populations are studied. The results are as follows:the idioblasts with raphide are common in mesophyll of five populations of P.cyrtonema. The shapes of leaf epidermal cells are rectangle,irregular or oblong and the anticlinal walls are straight and arched. Some populations have unicellular hairs on lower epidermis. The cuticular ornamentation of leaf epidermis is usually scaly under SEM. The result shows that leaf epidermal characters such as size,index,density and distribution of stomatal apparatus,cuticular ornamentation and distribution of epidermal hair in different populations are mostly affected by environment. But some characters such as structure of mesophyll,inclusion(such as raphide),type of stomatal apparatus and shape of epidermal cell show stabilization in species which may be regarded as evidence for division of species.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:50 *, WANG Ying, TIAN Chang-Cheng]]> LI Jin-Hua, ZHOU Shou-Biao^*, WANG Ying, TIAN Chang-Cheng 14true R.cantoniensis, R.silerifolius var.sileri-folius,R.silerifolius var.dolicathus,R. chinensis and R.sieboldiiin R.cantoniensis complex were studied by means of the cytological observation of root-tips on the basis of previous studies. In combination with the history which earth evolved,the forming way and time of R.cantoniensis was further studied,and the forming mechanism of inter-specific relation in R.cantoniensis complex was discussed so as to offer more data for the study of phylogenetic and evolution in genus Ranunculus.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:50 1,2, LIU Zhi-Jun³, LIAO Liang^1*, SHI Jun-Wei¹, XU Ling-Ling¹]]> NIE Gu-Hua^1,2, LIU Zhi-Jun³, LIAO Liang^1*, SHI Jun-Wei¹, XU Ling-Ling¹ 13true Michelia figo,there are four microsparangia in the anther whose wall is composed of epidermis,endothecium,3-6 middle layers and a tapetum. The antheral tapetum,consisting of monocyte-or binucleated cells,degenerated in situ,thus belonging to glandular type. The simultaneous cytokinesis in microspore mother cells leads to tetrahedral as well as isobilateral(bilaterally symmetrical)tetrads. The mature pollen grains are 3 celled. In the present study embryological features of M.figo were depicted further based on the former relative reports and their systematic significance was discussed.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:50 AO Cheng-Qi 12true Camellia pingguoensis D.Fang var.terminalis(J.Y.Liang et Z.M.Su)T.L.Ming et W.J.Zhang is conspicuously different from C.pingguoensis D.Fang in distribution,morphological characters,phenological phase,ecological habits and cytological features,especially reproductive organs and life history. Therefore,C.pingguoensis var.terminalis(J.Y. Liang et Z.M.Su)T.L.Ming et W.J.Zhang should be restored as an independent species,i.e.C.terminalis J.Y.Liang et Z.M.Su.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:50 1,2, XUE Yue-Gui^1*]]> DAI Yue^1,2, XUE Yue-Gui^1* 11true 2016/1/15 21:08:50 1, YU Ming¹, MA Jin-Shuang^2*]]> LIU Quan-Ru¹, YU Ming¹, MA Jin-Shuang^2* 10true Allostigma guangxiense with coarsely reticulate,Dolcholoma jasminiflorum and Primulina tabacum with finely reticulate pattern,suggesting a clear difference between them. The utility and systematic significance of some pollen characters in Gesneriaceae were also discussed.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:34 1,2,3, LI Shi-Jin¹, CAO Li-Min⁴, ZHANG Dian-Xiang^1*]]> CAO Ming^1,2,3, LI Shi-Jin¹, CAO Li-Min⁴, ZHANG Dian-Xiang^1* 9true Zinnia elegans Jacq. The results indicated that the optional root-sampling time was about 8:00～9:00 am,anther callus about 9:00～10:00 am for 3～5 d. Of the three chemicals used to pre-treating the intravital root tips,P-Dichlorobenzene solution or 0.002 mol/L 8-Hydroxyquinoline for 8 hours at 4 ℃ had the better effect,and anther callus P-Dichlorobenzene solution for 6 hours at 4 ℃. These methods indicated that the number of metaphase chromosomes appeared more and chromosome spread well. The temperature of pretreatment in the study was fixed,overcame instability of effect with variance of season and time. Observation of chromosome of anther callus in Zinnia elegans Jacq. was first reported.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:34 YE Yao-Mei, CHEN Tian-Hua, QI Ying-Chun, YANG Tao 8true Dendranthema and some of their hybrids were observed,and the formation mechanism also the role which played in the process of phylogenesis were analyzed. The results indicated that abnormalities of meiosis in Dendranthema comprised nonsynchronous division,bivalent disjunction,interlocking bivalent,chromosome bridge,lagged chromosome,fragment and so on. While more,meiotic nonsynchronous division is ubiquitous in the course of meiosis of Dendranthema,some bivalents disjuncted at diakinese in diploid species of D.nankingense,D.lavandulifilium,D.dichrum. Interlocking bivalent in D.nankingense and some of its hybrids were also observed. Chromosome bridge occurred in D.nankingense(4X),D.indicum,D.morifolium‘Huangying'and D.morifolium‘Chuju'at AII and AI.However,1.5% PMCs of D.vestitum had chromosome bridge only at AI. The frequency of lagged chromosome in D.nankingense(4X)was 10.6% and 7.3% respectively. The frequency of lagged chromosome in D.morifolium‘Huangying' and D.morifolium‘Chuju' at AII and AI were higher than that of D.vestitum,which was 4.4% only at AI. And the frequency of the chromosome bridge and lagged chromosome of parents was normally higher than that of their hybrids. There were genes that probably controlled the formation of structural variations such as chromosome inversion and translocation on some chromosomes might play important roles in the process of phylogenesis of Dendranthema.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:34 *, ZHAO Hong-Bo]]> CUI Na-Xin, CHEN Fa-Di^*, ZHAO Hong-Bo 7true Alternanthera philoxeroides under different concentration of NaCl stress was researched by using the optics microscope technology. The result indicated that there was remarkable change in dissection structure of A.philoxeroides vegetative organs under NaCl stress compared with CK. These changes were manifested as follows:with the increase of NaCl concentration,the area and thickness of leaf blades decreased; the horizontal growth of stem was inhibited; the thickness of cuticle increased; the aerenchyma of vegetative organs further developed; the intercellular space(crevice)in root,stem and leaf were closely connected,which benefited the exchange of air among the different parts of a plant; and the number of cell layers of cork cambium(phellogen)in the root increased.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:35 LIU Ai-Rong, WANG Gui-Qin, ZHANG Xiao-Hua 6true Thuja sutchuenensis from Chongqing,China. The morphological characters of scale leaves were measured and the morphological differentiation was studied. The molecular variations were investigated by using Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA(RAPD). Considerable genetic diversity was found among and within the T.sutchuenensis populations studied. Two dendrograms were independently constructed from morphological and RAPD data and the clusters resulting from each method were not congruent. Both two dendrograms showed little correlation between clusters and geographic regions,and there is little correlation between clusters and ecological factors. It suggests that geographic isolation and ecological factors have little influence on the evolution of the T.sutchuenensis populations. Conservation in situ of T.sutchuenensis should be carried out and the gene flow between populations should be cautiously strengthened or not.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:35 1,2, DOU Quan-Li², HE Ping^1*, DENG Hong-Ping¹]]> ZHANG Ren-Bo^1,2, DOU Quan-Li², HE Ping^1*, DENG Hong-Ping¹ 5true Zephyranthes grandiflora were investigated, and various variation were detected. Comparatively,the frequency of variation on number of tepals was obvious higher than that of stamens. The base of perianth tube was commonly bent,and had relativity to the increasing number of tepals. Tracking observation showed:morphological variation in flowers of Z.grandiflora was not stable,but these characters could appear repeatedly in the same plant. It was thought that these variations took place at the stage of forming flower organ subregions,and could not be interpreted by“ABC model”for flower organ development,nor by the advanced“ABCD model”and“ABCDE model”. Variations were not only related to early regulation on the formation of flower organ subregions,but also to the changed rate of cell division. These changes might be the result of the effect of certain internal factors on the expression of the related gene. The instability of morphological variation in flower of Z.grandiflora might be related to transposable genetic element.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:35 WANG Zu-Xiu, YANG Jun, WANG Xiao-Meng 4true Osmanthus were investigated. Venation patterns are brochidodromous or semicraspedodromous. The secondary veins are abruptly curved or branched,usually 5～12 pairs,occasionally up to 16 pairs. Tertiary veins are percurrent and randomly reticulate,occasionally percurrent or admedial. Highest vein order is 4° or 5°. The veinlets are simple or one to twice branched. Only the leaf of O.heterophyllus has fimbrial vein. Some species have leaves with teeth along the margin,and the morphology of the teeth are unstable. The primary veins in the teeth of different species show a series of variations among the Osmanthus species. The leaf venation characters revealed the evolutionary relationships of sect.Osmanthus,sect.Siphosmanthus,sect.Leiolea, and sect.Linocieroides. sect.Leiolea further displayed affinities with Linociera Sw.and Olea Linn. A key to the species of Osmanthus based on leaf venation characters is presented.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:35 1, XIA Nian-He¹, WANG Shao-Ping¹, HAO Gang^2*]]> XU Bing-Qiang¹, XIA Nian-He¹, WANG Shao-Ping¹, HAO Gang^2* 3true Schisandra and Kadsura,and their system were discussed. The results showed that Schisandraceae and Illiciaceae not only closely correlated systematically,but also be one of the earliest differentiated taxa in the extant angiosperm,it was reasonable to place the tow families in Illiciales. Schisandra and Kadsura,the two genus of Schisandraceae,maybe originated from common ancestor,and evolved parallelly in different ways. Compared to the genus Kadsura,of which the system has come to an agreement,it shows a great difference in system of Schisandra taxonomically.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:35 SHI Gang-Rong 2true Michelia ,containing more than 80 species,is distributed mainly in tropical and subtropical Asia. It is the second largest genus of Magnoliaceae. Most species of Michelia possess important economic value. The classification,morphology,palynology,cytology,phytochemistry,molecular phylogeny and utilization of Michelia are reviewed.]]> 2016/1/15 21:08:35 1, 2]]> ZHANG Xin-hua^{1, 2} 1true