Osmanthus fragrans is an important fragrant plant, in which terpenes are the important components of floral scent. But there are few studies on terpene synthase in O. fragrans. To reveal the biosynthesis mechanism of terpenes in O. fragrans, we predicted the physicochemical properties, subcellular localization and structure of four TPS proteins by bioinformatics, and expressed them in prokaryotic expression system. Finally, the function of soluble TPS4 recombinant protein was analyzed by enzyme reaction in vitro. The results were as follows:(1)The physicochemical properties of the four TPS proteins had relatively little difference. Only TPS4 protein locating in other targets without signal peptide had low proportional extended strand and no extended strand near amidogen terminal.(2)All of the four TPS proteins were successfully expressed in prokaryotic system, but only TPS4 obtained soluble recombinant protein.(3)The purified TPS4 recombinant protein was reacted with GPP, NDP and FPP respectively, and only one product(trans-β-ocimene, β-phellandrene and α-farnesene)was detected. The results provide reference for functional analysis of floral scent related gene at protein level in O. fragrans and for revealing the molecular mechanism of terpenes biosynthesis in plant.]]> 2019/5/30 11:12:14 1,2, ZOU Jingjing^1,2, WANG Caiyun^2*]]> ZENG Xiangling^1,2, ZOU Jingjing^1,2, WANG Caiyun^2* 8true Cypripedium macranthum named as CmCyP (GenBank Accession No. MH411125), was successfully cloned by RT-PCR, and then bioinformatics analysis were carried out. The results were as follows: CmCyP protein was predicted as a stable hydrophilic protein composed of 174 amino acids, without signal peptide and transmembrane domain. Its relative molecular mass was approximately 18 kD, and a predicated isoelectric point(pI)was 8.73.Phosphorylation and glycosylation site prediction analysis revealed that eighteen potential phosphorylation sites and two potential glycosylation sites were found in CmCyP protein. Protein domain prediction revealed that CmCyP contained a highly conserved peptide prolyl cis-trans isomerase domain, belonging to single domain of cyclophilin. The secondary structure of CmCyP was abundant in random coils(70)and extension chains(56), while was less in α-helices(23)and β-turns(25). Phylogenetic tree analysis indicates that the genetic relationship of CmCyP in C. macranthum with CyPs from Dendrobium catenatum and Vanda hybrid cultivar is relatively close. In conclusion, the CmCyP gene was firstly cloned from Cypripedium macranthum, which provides for further study on biology function of CmCyP gene.]]> 2019/5/30 11:12:14 1,2, ZHANG Jian³, LIU Huan¹, HOU Xiaoqiang^1,2*]]> FU Yajuan^1,2, ZHANG Jian³, LIU Huan¹, HOU Xiaoqiang^1,2* 7true HbMYC4 and HbMYC5, the expression level of the other seven genes in most of Wichham germplasms was significantly higher than that of 1981'IRRDB germplasms. It was noted that the expression of HbMYC3 was highly different and closely related to the rubber yield, which may be used as a candidate marker for rubber yield-breeding of rubber tree.]]> 2019/5/30 11:12:14 1, ZHAO Yue², CHEN Yueyi¹, LI Yan¹, ZHANG Shixin¹, TIAN Weimin^1*]]> YANG Shuguang¹, ZHAO Yue², CHEN Yueyi¹, LI Yan¹, ZHANG Shixin¹, TIAN Weimin^1* 6true Funneliformis mosseae, F.m and Claroideoglomus etunicatum, C.e)on the mycorrhizal colonization rate, seedling growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic adjustment substances of Medicago sativa in different compound substrates. The compound substrates were formed by mixing coal gangue(CG), fly ash(FA)and sandy soil(SS)mixed in different proportions T1(CG:FA:SS=75%:25%:0%), T2(CG:FA:SS=60%:25%:15%), T3(CG:FA:SS=45%:25%:30%), T4(CG:FA:SS=30%:25%:45%)and T5(CG:FA:SS=0%:0%:100%)was taken as control. The results were as follows:(1)Inoculation of AM fungi significantly increased the mycorrhizal colonization rate and mycorrhizal dependency of M. sativa's root in five different compound substrates. However, the maximum mycorrhizal colonization rate and mycorrhizal dependency after inoculation of F.m+C.e [F.m:C.e=1:1(W/W)](64.31% and 86.24%)occurred in T4 substrate.(2)Inoculation with AM fungi increased height, stem diameter, leaf area and biomass of M. sativa to some degrees, and the effects of mixed inoculation were better than that of single inoculation.(3)Growth of plant roots were inhibited by excessively adding coal mine solid waste. However, inoculation of AM fungi could significantly promote total length, surface area and volume of root, and decreased root average diameter.(4)Comparative effects of different inoculation treatments on POD activity, SOD activity, CAT activity, soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of M. sativa leaves with were F.m + C.e > C.e > F.m>non-AMF, and the optimal effect was showed in inoculated with F.m + C.e. Our results suggested that growth of M. sativa was realistically inhibited in coal mine waste. However, AM fungi significantly enhanced resistance to stress by improved seedling growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, and osmotic adjustment substances, especially the combination of F.m+C.e and compound substrate T4 was the best.]]> 2019/5/30 11:12:14 *]]> DUAN Ning, YAN Ming^* 5true Phragmites australis and Phalaris arundinacea have strong detergency capabilities and are often deployed as wetland plants in the same constructed wetland for sewage treatment. As a kind of allelopathic plant, Phragmites australis has strong allelopathy effects on Phalaris arundinacea and P. arundinacea would be instead of Phragmites australis in both natural wetland and constructed wetland. This phenomenon is related to the soil moisture content and the allelopathic inhibitory effect of P. australis decomposing soil on Phalaris arundinacea is closely related to the amount of total phenolic acids in the decomposing soil. Therefore, high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to separate and identify phenolic acids substances in Phragmites australis decomposing soil under different moisture content conditions to select the types of phenolic acids that the most obvious responded to moisture in this paper. The competition balance between P. australis and Phalaris arundinacea can be achieved through the regulation of wetland soil moisture, therefore, the long-term stable coexistence of the two species in the constructed wetland can be achieved. The results showed that eight kinds of phenolic acids were separated and identified, which were gallic acid, coumaric acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, salicylic acid, and benzoic acid, respectively. The contents of three kinds of phenolic acids of coumaric acid, benzoic acid, and ferulic acid were higher among eight kinds of identified phenolic acids. There was a significant linear negative correlation between content of every identified phenolic acid and the relative moisture content of the Phragmites australis decomposing soil. With the increase of relative moisture content of P. australis decomposing soil, content of every identified phenolic acid showed a downward trend, and the response curve of content of every identified phenolic acid to the relative moisture content of P. australis decomposing soil could be fitted well with a linear equation. Responses of coumarinic acid, gallic acid, and ferulic acid to soil moisture were the most obvious among eight kinds of identified phenolic acids. Therefore, coumanic acid, gallic acid, and ferulic acid can be used as the main regulatory targets, the allelopathic inhibitory effects of P. australis on Phalaris arundinacea can be weakened by regulating the moisture content of wetland soil so as to maintain the stability of Phragmites australis and Phalaris arundinacea community.]]> 2019/5/30 11:12:14 1, LI Pingping², FU Weiguo^1,2*]]> SUN Yin¹, LI Pingping², FU Weiguo^1,2* 4true 2019/5/30 11:12:14 1, 2, LIU Wenyao^1*, SONG Liang¹, CHEN Quan^{1, 2}, YUAN Guodi^1,2]]> FAN Xiaoyang^{1, 2}, LIU Wenyao^1*, SONG Liang¹, CHEN Quan^{1, 2}, YUAN Guodi^1,2 3true B_i and B_a of the dominant tree populations at different topographical sites were slightly different, but overall, they were consistent. The niche breadth of Litsea verticillata in hillside and valley was larger, and its B_i/B_a were 0.782 4/0.415 7, 0.891 3 / 0.703 0, respectively. The niche breadth of Clausena dunniana in hillside and funnel was larger, and its B_i/B_a were 0.788 0/0.518 3, 0.962 7/0.826 0, respectively. The niche overlap between Celtis sinensis and Carpinus pubescens in funnel was the largest, being 0.138 2, while those between Viburnum henryi and Triadica rotundifolia in hillside, Litsea verticillata and Cyclobalanopsis glauca in valley were the smallest, being 0.001 5. In addition, species with similar ecological characteristics and habit requirements often had high degrees of niche overlap, species with different ecological characteristics and habit requirements often had low degrees of niche overlap. Species with wide niche breadth often had high degrees of niche overlap, species with narrow niche breadth often had low degrees of niche overlap. In a word, low degrees of niche overlap of dominant species were found at different topography sites and therefore, Maolan karst forest is in a stable climax community stage. But it suggested fierce interspecies competition among dominant species for limited environmental resources in climax community in the forest. The intensity of competition of dominant species at different topography sites is funnel> valley> hillside, light is the main factor affecting the natural distribution of dominant arbor populations.]]> 2019/5/30 11:12:14 *, WU Bangli]]> QIN Suitao, LONG Cuiling^*, WU Bangli 2true NPP)data of MOD17A3, the method of univariate linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient, etc., were used to analyze spatial and temporal patterns of NPP of vegetation ecosystem in Shandong Province during the past fifteen years from 2000 to 2014 and the effects of climate and human factors. The results were as follows:(1)The average NPP of vegetation in Shandong Province from 2000 to 2014 was 442 gC·m^-2·a^-1, and the total average annual NPP was 63.16 T g C. The vegetation NPP of Shandong Province showed obvious spatial differentiation characteristics, among which the vegetation area of the average NPP 300-400 gC·m^-2·a^-1 was the largest, accounting for 52.28% of the total area, distributed in most of the western part of Shandong Province.(2)The average annual growth rate of NPP in Shandong Province was 3.29 gC·m^-2·a^-1, and the increased area accounting for 92.63% of the total vegetation area in Shandong Province. Among them, the area of extremely significant increase accounted for 16.56% of the total area of Shandong Province, mainly distributed in Yantai, Qingdao, Rizhao, Linyi, Weifang, Dongying and Binzhou cities; The regions with significant decrease and extremely significant decrease accounted for 1.33% of the total area of Shandong Province, and were scattered in the Southeast of Shandong Province and the northern Yellow River delta region.(3)The vegetation NPP was affected by the combined effect of factors such as climate change and human activities. Among climatic factors, the rainfall has the greatest influence. Urbanization gradually becomes an important driving force for vegetation NPP changes with the frequent human activities.]]> 2019/5/30 11:12:14 *]]> LUO Yan, ZHANG Songlin^* 1true