. Hymenanthes, 64 hybridized combinations between 23 species of twelve subsections of Rhododendron subgen. Hymenanthes. Twelve subsections were subsect. Fortunea, subsect. Argyrophylla and the other ten subsectiones(subsect. Falconera, subsect. Campylocarpa, subsect. Maculifera, subsect. Glischra, subsect. Irrorata, subsect. Taliensia, subsect. Arborea, subsect. Thomsonia, subsect. Parishia, subsect. Neriiflora). The results were as follows:(1)In the specific cross of intra-subgen. Hymenanthes the hybrid showed a good and high fertility, combined fertile accounted for 87.5%, and no weak fertility.(2)There were eight hybridized combinations for incompatibility and sterility occurred before or after fruit stage and capsul aborted(Cab), seed aborted(Sab)and seed not germinated(Sng)showed 3:1:4, which had the relationship with both parents and may have pre-zygotic incompatibility and post-zygotic abortion.(3)Compared with the corresponding natural pollination, hybridization of some fertile indicators usually appeared a declining to different degrees, but there was “super affinity” phenomenon from fifteen hybridized combinations in the part of intra- or inter- subsections although that not completely eliminated the artificial hybridization to strengthen the phenomenon for seeding and fertility.(4)There were phenomena of bilateral fertility and unilateral sterility but bilateral sterility in different kinds of inter-specific hybridizations of subgen. Hymenanthes.]]> 2018/12/27 10:51:22 ZHUANG Ping 6true Rhododendron, cross of intra-subgen. Rhododendron was studied, including four subsections of ten species in twenty-two hybridized combinations(eighteen combinations for integrated data)to relate subsect. Maddenia, subsect. Triflora, subsect. Heliolepida and subsect. Scabrifolia in the subgenus. The results were as follows:(1)In both of the related different subsections and within subsect. Triflora, inter-specific hybridization was rather difficulty, and high fertility and fertile combined ratio was low, on the other hand, non fertile ratio was high(55.6%)in the eighteen combinations for integrated data.(2)The rates of capsul aborted(Cab), seed aborted(Sab)and seed not germinated(Sng)were 6:1:3 in ten non fertile or abortion combinations which might cover all of the pre-zygotic and post-zygotic incompatibility at the same time.(3)The fertile combination rate of any polyploid part of parents(41.6%)was lower than one of diploid parents(50.0%)and non high fertile types, that verified partly any polyploid part of parents, especially polyploid female, was the result of different kinds of incompatibility, sterility and decline in the cross of intra-subgenus, however that was an important reason but not the only reason, the hybrid fertile rates between the subsections(16.7%)were significantly lower than in intra-subsection(subsect. Triflora, 58.3%).(4)The cross of intra-subgen. Rhododendron, compared with the natural pollination as female, led to Rgs and Rsc values in most fertile hybrid combination decreased greatly, that should also belong to hybrid weakness due to the genetic differences and polyploid intervention from parents.(5)The phenomenon of hybrid unilateral incompatibility and sterility or asymmetric genetic introgression was obvious under polyploid intervention used as the female parent.]]> 2018/12/27 10:51:22 ZHUANG Ping 5true Rhododendron, we studied the inter-subgenus cross of subgen. Hymenanthes, subgen. Rhododendron, subgen. Azaleastrum, subgen. Tsutsusi and subgen. Pentanthera. The test involved a total of 32 species and 118 hybrid combinations. The results were as follows:(1)The inter-subgenus cross of Rhododendron was hard and the fertile level was related to the combination between the subgenera andtheirgroupes,and higher, middle and lower and non fertile ratios were 2:16:8:92, the total fertile combinations was 20%, and the cross four combinations of iner-subgegera did not show fertility between subgen. Rhododendron and subgen. Azaleastrum and the like.(2)The parant combination effected the inter-subgegus cross in different extents and some combinations had a direction. There was higher fertility as female parent of subgen. Rhododendron than as father parent in the cross combination of subgen. Rhododendron and subsect. Fortunea of subgen. Hymenanthes, and that showed the same in subgen. Rhododendron with R. rex, R. glischrum, R. irroratum, R. delavayi respectively, but with subsect. Argyrophylla, and twelve pairs of unilateral fertile combinations distributed in four types of inter-subgenus combinations such as subgen. Hymenanthes and subgen. Rhododendron.(3)Incompatibility or sterility of inter-specific hybridizationin the inter-subgenerus was very serious and the nonfertile combinations occupied 80%, mainly present as nonfruit setting, and in all of the fertile combinations, the ratios of green seedling rate and unit number of fertile seed were lower than the natural pollination as female parent.(4)Relationship between subgenerus in plant systematics had an important influence in mating fertility and correlated the fertile extent, and meanwhile polyploid also carried weight.(5)That provided some now evidence and way of thinking for exploring and finding out the relationship of evolution and heritance in inter-subgenerus of Rhododendron, and subsect. Argyrophylla may be an important group in explaining the evolution relationship between subgen. Hymenanthes and subgen. Rhododendron, and R. polylepis of subgen. Rhododendron can own a wide relationship with subgen. Hymenanthes and we can not exclude a possibility of genetic introgression between this species and R. hunnewellianum as neighbor in nature; and the relationship of some combinations need to be studied in depth for example, R. liliiflorum or R. augustinii(subgen. Rhododendron)and subgen. Tsutsusi, R. davidi(subgen. Hymenanthes)and subgen. Azaleastrum, R. yuefengense or R. floribundum(subgen. Hymenanthes)and subgen. Tsutsusi,R. decorum(subgen. Hymenanthes)and subgen. Pentanthera etc]]> 2018/12/27 0:00:00 ZHUANG Ping 4true Rhododendron species which belong to five subgenera, three sections, seventeen subsections. The results were as follow:(1)The sterile rate of Rhododendron inter-species cross was 54.5%, which included three types(Cab-capsul aborted, Sab-seed aborted and Sng-seed not germinated), and both of Cab and Sab types may have a composite characterization of pre-zygotic incompatibility and post-zygotic sterility, and Sng type can be sure to post-zygotic sterility of “hybrid inviability” in seed developmental stage, Cab:Sab:Sng=81:13:15.(2)The types of sterile distribution appeared the parental relationship and its classification had obvious correlation, from within the same subsection to the same subgenus to different subgenus, the distribution types of hybrid sterility showed a trend increase Sng→Sab→Cab, the denser in taxonomic relationships from the parents, the higher of frequency in Sng type and on the contrary, the more distant in the relationship, the higher of frequency in Cab type, so the outcrossing of inter-subgenera often stop in Cab type.(3)“Hybrid inviability” is one of the forms of expression as the hybrid seedling sterility, from the same subsection to the same subgenus to different subgenra, the seedling dying rank of frequency distribution usually showed no or mild defeated to serious defeat in development direction; the seedling sterility of intra-subgen. Hymenanthes was significantly lower than that of intra-subgen. Rhododendron, with the latter polyploid parents involved in, and the hybrid seedling sterility was more serious in inter-subgenera on the above two subgenera, but without seedling sterility in the two hybrid combinations of inter-subgenera, R. simsii × R. liliiflorum and R. augustinii respectively.]]> 2018/12/27 10:51:22 ZHUANG Ping 3true Rhododendron species which belong to five subgenera, three sections, seventeen subsections through hybridization fertile frequency analysis. The results were as follows:(1)According to the study on the frequency of fertility level, the results of specific hybridization between the groups could be sorted as on subgenus level: intra-subgen. Hymenanthes>intra-subgen. Rhododendron>subgen. Hymenanthes×subgen. Rhododendron>subgen. Rhododendron.×subgen. Tsutsusi >subgen. Hymenanthes×subgen. Tsutsusi>subgen. Hymenanthes×subgen. Pentanthera>subgen. Hymenanthes×subgen. Azaleastrum>subgen. Rhododendron×subgen. Pentanthera; on subsection level: subsect. Argyrophylla ×the other subsectiosns of the same subgenus>Intra-subsect. Fortunea>subsect. Fortunea× subsect. Argyrophylla>subsect. Argyrophylla×subsectiosns of subgen. Rhododendron >intra-subsect. Triflora>subsect. Fortunea×the other subsectiosns of the same subgenus>subsect. Fortunea×subsectiosns of subgen. Rhododendron >the other subsectiosns of subgen. Hymenanthes×subsectiosns of subgen. Rhododendron.(2)Inter-specific crossability was obviously relevant to the genetic relationship and chromosome ploidy of the parents and correspond to the relationship of plant systematic of Rhododendron, and the original group, such as subgen. Hymenanthes, had more extensive crossability than more advanced one.(3)Capsul setting rate, green seedling rate, green seedling coefficient, unit number of fertility seed and their class frequency reflected a fertile quantity characteristic of Rhododendron hybrid from different side, with some limitation. It is very important to set the system of comprehensive assessment and the index of fertile level frequency.]]> 2018/12/27 10:51:22 ZHUANG Ping 2true Vaccinium eberhardtii Dop(Ericaceae), a species previously known only from Vietnam and Thailand, is newly recorded from China. This species belongs to Vaccinium sect. Bracteata, and it is similar to the other two members of the same section, i.e. V. bracteatum and V. wrightii. However, V. eberhardtii is different from the former in having glabrous peduncle, pedicel and calyx tube, glabrous spherical-urceolate corolla and anthers with two conspicuous spurs, and can be easily distinguished from the latter by having pedicels, shorter than bracts and the upward spurs on the back of the anther, and longer than half of the anther tube. Previously, it was reported only from Central Vietnam and Thailand. This new finding extends its distribution to the coastal areas of Dongxing City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, South China, which adds new distribution information for this species and the future taxonomic revision of the whole genus. The vouchers are kept in the herbaria of South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences(IBSC)and Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences(IBK).]]> 2018/12/27 10:51:22 1, YE Xing'er^1,2, WU Lei³, NGUYEN Thi Thanh Huong⁴, XIA Nianhe^1*]]> TONG Yihua¹, YE Xing'er^1,2, WU Lei³, NGUYEN Thi Thanh Huong⁴, XIA Nianhe^1* 1true