Epimedium has continued without interruption probably since the origin of the genus, is not only the richest in species, but also the only region where new species may yet be found. Considering differences in bioactive constituents among Epimedium species, accurate identification of species is the prerequisite for drug efficacy and medical safety. For the better utilization of germplasm resources, the taxa and its taxonomic systems of Epimedium were reviewed, and the issues of taxonomy as well as the insufficiently known taxa were discussed. A total of 68 species have been published and 58(85.3%)from China, among which 57 are unique to China. The taxonomy on Chinese taxa is special, a total of 26 species were published in the 1990s and 31 species(53.4%)were described by foreign researches. Among them, Stearn has described 19 species. Therefore, many Epimedium species of China have been published based on a single locality and/or the descriptions were based on limited specimens or collections. These taxa then become the main objects of subsequent taxonomic revision and complementary descriptions. Due to lack of extensive field investigation, observation and statistical analysis on morphological characters, 20 taxa have been revised. And the morphological descriptions of a considerable number of taxa were proved inaccurate and/or incomplete. Currently, 46 species, 1 subspecies and 2 varieties were recognized. The comparatively unstable species often occur in West China where the genus is best represented and its evolution is still on going. The Chinese Sect.(Diphyllon)reaches the highest species diversity in Epimedium and representing numerous taxonomic controversies. The taxa from China always with complex morphological variation and few molecular genetic variation loci can be detected. Chinese species therefore become the biggest taxonomic challenge. However, the research and utilization of germplasm resources should be based on correct taxonomy. Specifically, we recommend that future studies should focus on the standardization of morphological descriptions, based on extensive population investigation. Then the integration of morphological variation, distribution patterns and gene sequence characteristics would help to detect the natural interspecific hybridization events and reveal the differentiation and evolution of species.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 *]]> XU Yanqin, JIANG Yong, HUANG Hua, LI Renqing, LI Fengqin, LIU Yong, HUANG Xiaofang^* 38true Siraitia grosvenorii were studied. The results were as follows: A total of 150 endophytic fungi were obtained by a tissue culture method, including 96 and 54 fungal isolates respectively isolated from pistillate plant and staminiferous plant of S. grosvenorii. Among them, 122 isolates were classified into nine genera based on the morphology identification and sequencing analysis of ITS gene, which belong to phylum Ascomycota, including Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes. Dothideomycetes contained three families and three genera, and Sordariomycetes contains six families and six genera. The most frequent genera were Colletotrichum and Fusarium. There were different colonization rates and isolation rates between pistillate plant and staminiferous plant of S. grosvenorii, i.e., in the pistillate plant, the root possessed the highest colonization rate and isolation rate, while the leaves possessed the lowest. The opposite happened in staminiferous plant. Additionally, distributions of endophytic fungi were different in different tissues of both pistillate plant and staminiferous plant of S. grosvenorii. Combined with the similarities of community composition of endophytic fungi in different tissues, the results indicate that endophytic fungi have the hosts and tissues preferences. The diversity indices of endophytic fungi in different tissues ranged from 0.11 to 0.69, among which the root of pistillate plant had the highest diversity indices.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 1,2, LUO Haiyu¹, YAN Xiaojie², LU Fenglai², LI Dianpeng^2*]]> XU Xianglin^1,2, LUO Haiyu¹, YAN Xiaojie², LU Fenglai², LI Dianpeng^2* 37true Zanthoxylum, Celastrus,and Actinidia were the dominant genera in quantity. Among the life forms, there were 122 species of woody plants and 49 species of herbaceous plants, woody plants were dominant. There were 90 kinds of middle and high content linolenic acid plants, accounting for 52.63% of the total number of linolenic acid plants. This group of linolenic acid was rich in content and had great utilization value. The linolenic acid plants rich in Xiangxi region mainly distributed in the middle and low mountains and hills in the north-central part of Xiangxi region, with an altitude of 300 -1 100 m, and the most abundant were in the range of 700-800 m. Through analytic hierarchy process, 11 kinds of linolenic acid plants Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa, A. chinensis, Elsholtzia ciliate, Agastache rugosa, Zanthoxylum echinocarpum, Eucommia ulmoides, Celosia argentea, Perilla frutescens, Geum aleppicum and Perilla frutescens var. crispa, Lepidium apetalum were selected as Level I plants for the development and utilization of Xiangxi region.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 1,2, CHEN Jiabei^1,2, CHEN Gongxi^1*]]> WANG Bingqing^1,2, CHEN Jiabei^1,2, CHEN Gongxi^1* 36true Melastoma normale, the ethanol extracts of roots of and stems M. normale were respectively isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods such as Diaion HP20SS, MCI gel, Sephadex LH-20, and reversed-phase HPLC. Eleven compounds were obtained, and their structures were identified by spectral data analyses. They are 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl 1-O-β-D-(6'-O-galloyol)-glucopyranoside(1), 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyol alcohol 4-O-β-D-(6'-O-galloyol)-glucopyranoside(2), gentisic acid 5-O-β-D-(6'-O-galloyl)-glucopyranoside(3), 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenol 1-O-β-D-(6'-O-galloyl)-glucopyranoside(4), methyl 6-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(5), ethyl 6-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(6), 6'-O-galloylprunasin(7),methyl gallate(8), ethyl gallate(9), 2,6-dimethoxy-hydroquinone-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(10), and 2-methoxy-hydroquinone-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(11). All these compounds were obtained firstly from this plant, and compounds 2-7, 10, and 11 were obtained from the genus Melastoma for the first time.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 *]]> HE Ruijie, WANG Yafeng, LI Dianpeng, HUANG Yonglin^* 35true Castanopsis ceratacantha contains large amounts of polyphenols and abounds in natural resources, but its chemical constituents and biological activities have not been reported. In order to clarify the chemical basis of the plant and provide scientific basis for the rational development and sustainable utilization of the plant resources. The ethanol extracts of C. ceratacantha were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods such as Sephadex LH-20, Diaion HP20SS, and Toyopearl HW-40F to yield 11 compounds. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data and comparison with literatures as gallic acid(1), caffeic acid(2), 1-(3',4'-dihydroxycinnamoyl)-cyclopenta-2,3-diol(3), chlorogenic acid(4), chlorogenic acid methyl ester(5), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside(6), kaempferol 3-O-{β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)- [α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside}(7), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside(8), quercetin 3-O-β-glucuronide-6″-methyl ester(9), rutin(10), and quercetin 5-O- [α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside(11). All these compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time,and compounds 3, 7-11 were isolated from the genus Castanopsis for the first time.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 1,2, WANG Yafeng², HE Ruijie², DAI Tiange¹,LI Dianpeng², HUANG Yonglin^2*]]> LI Siwen^1,2, WANG Yafeng², HE Ruijie², DAI Tiange¹,LI Dianpeng², HUANG Yonglin^2* 34true Larix gmelinii needles, separation and purification of ethyl acetate extract from Larix gmelinii needles were carried out by silica gel column chromatography, semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography, and re-crystallization. The structures of isolated compounds were identified by analysis of spectra of MS, NMR, and compared with the reported conferences. The antibacterial activity of the extract was also tested. The results were as follows: Compounds 1-15 were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract and identified as Larixol(1),(2R)-5,4'-dihydroxy-6-methyl-7-methoxy flavone(2), 2',4'-dihydroxy-4,6'-dimethoxydihydro-chalcone(3), 2',4-dihydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxy-chalcone(4), 2',4'-dihydroxy-4,6'-dimethoxy-chalcone(5), isorhamnetin(6), 4',5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-8-methyl flavone(7), kaempferol(8), β-sitosterol(9), stigmasterol(10), daucosterol(11), vanillic acid(12), hydroxyl-benzoic acid(13), dimethyl-matairesinol(14), and 15-nonacosanol(15). Compounds 2, 4, 5, and 7 were isolated from the genus Pinus for the first time. The result of antibacterial activity indicated that the inhibition rates of ethyl acetate extract to Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus were 55%-70%, 53%-72%, 61%-71%, 33%-65%, respectively, at the concentration range of 5-100 mg·mL^-1. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for further study on the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of Larix gmelinii.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 *, BAI Liming, HAN Song, PANG Jinghui]]> FU Meiling, ZHANG Wenzhi^*, BAI Liming, HAN Song, PANG Jinghui 33true Abies ziyuanensis and A. yuanbaoshanensis, essential oil of needles were extracted by steam distillation, and were determined by GC-MS analysis. The relative content of each component was calculated based on the peak area normalization method. The results were as follows: 21 and 22 kinds of chemical substances were identified in the essential oil of needles from A. ziyuanensis and A. yuanbaoshanensis, respectively, among which 15 kinds of chemical substances were the common components of these two firs; The olefinic substances were the highest content in essential oil of needles from both A. ziyuanensis and A. yuanbaoshanensis, the proportion were 95.94% and 95.02%, respectively. Among the common components of these two firs, β-Pinene, l-Caryophyllene, Camphene, α-Caryophyllene and Terpinolene have high development and utilization values; in terms of non-common components, α-Terpineol and α-Pinene in A. ziyuanensis, α-Muurolene and leaf alcohol in A. yuanbaoshanensis both had great development and utilization values. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of these two firs.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 *, DENG Tao, HUANG Shixun]]> DUAN Yunbo, ZHU Xiaozhen, HU Xinghua^*, DENG Tao, HUANG Shixun 32true Centranthera grandiflora, the contents of aucubin and catalpol in roots, stems, leaves, flowers and mixed samples of cultivated and wild C. grandiflora were determined by ultrasonic extraction and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and compared. The results were as follows:(1)Aucubin was distributed in both cultivated and wild plants, with the highest contents in roots. The contents in cultivated and wild C. grandiflora were root > leaf > mixed sample > stem > flower, root > mixed sample > stem > flower > leaf, respectively. The content of aucubin in different parts of cultivated plants was higher than that in wild plants.(2)Catalpol was not detected in the stem of cultivated C. grandiflora, but was distributed in other parts of cultivated and wild C. grandiflora, with the highest content in leaves. The contents of catalpol in cultivated and wild C. grandiflora were leaf > flower > mixed sample > root, leaf > mixed sample > stem > flower > roots, respectively. The contents of catalpol in different parts of wild were higher than those of cultivated C. grandiflora.(3)There were significant differences(P<0.05)in the contents of aucubin and catalpol in different parts of cultivated and wild C. grandiflora plants, and there was no significant differences between cultivated and wild parts on the whole, which provides experimental reference for the selection and reasonable utilization of the medicinal site of the endangered medicinal plant resources]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 *]]> ZHANG Chuanli, MA Xiao, ZHU Chunmei, CHEN Zhihua, LI Weifeng, ZHAO Xiu, HE Suming, DU Huabo^* 31true Vaccinium bracteatum wild plants were estimated by flow cytometry(FCM). In order to establish the optimal FCM method, young fresh leaves were taken as samples, and Oryza sativa subsp. japonica ‘Nipponbare'with known nuclear DNA content was set as internal standard. The nucleus of the mixed leaf cells was isolated by GPB dissociation solution and stained with 50 μL 瘙 簚 mL^-1 propidium iodide(PI)with 5 min, then the PI emission fluorescence intensity was measured by flow cytometry. The results were as follows:(1)The average nuclear DNA content of nine Vaccinium bracteatum plants was(1.22±0.03)pg, the minimum value was 1.18 pg and the maximum was 1.27 pg.(2)The results were similar to the nuclear DNA content of the known diploid plants of Vaccinium, and there was no significant differences in DNA content of plants from different geographical origins(P>0.05). It is speculated that these nine V. bracteatum plants are diploid plants.(3)The detected nuclear DNA contents(2C-value)of V. bracteatum can enrich the C-value database of Vaccinium. The nuclear DNA content detection method established based on FCM for V. bracteatum can provide reference for related research of other Vaccinium species.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 1, ZHANG Min^1*, LIN Feng², ZHOU Peng¹, ZHOU Jie¹]]> HUANG Jing¹, ZHANG Min^1*, LIN Feng², ZHOU Peng¹, ZHOU Jie¹ 30true Freesia hybrida. 11 cultivars of F. hybrida were used to analyze the anthocyanin compositions. The petal color was observed according to the royal horticultural society color card(RHSCC)and color meter, pigment type was determined by characteristic color reaction, total anthocyanins were measured by pH differential method, and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthocyanins. The results were as follows: The 11 selected cultivars covered four major colors of F. hybrida, those are white, yellow, red, and blue-purple. All selected cultivars contained flavonoids, which did not contain or contain very low amounts of carotenoids; meanwhile, all tested cultivars, except for ‘White River' and Fragrant Sunburst'‘Gold River'‘Tweety', contained anthocyanins in petals. Among seven anthocyanin-contained cultivars, the highest anthocyanin content in detected in petals of ‘Red Passion' and the lowest in ‘Lovely Lavender' which was only 24% of ‘Red Passion'. A total of ten anthocyanin components were detected in petals of 11 cultivars, including Delphinidin-diglucoside, Cyanidin-diglucoside, Petunidin-diglucoside, Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, Peonidin-diglucoside, Malvidin-diglucoside, Petunidin-3-O-glucoside, Peonidin-3-O-glucoside, Malvidin-3-O-glucoside. ‘Red Passion' and ‘Shangnong Hongtaige' mainly contained Cyanidin derived anthocyanins. ‘Pink Passion'‘Castor'‘Shangnong Danxueqing' and ‘Shangnong Purple Rose' mainly contained Delphinidin and Malvidin derived anthocyanins. ‘Lovely Lavender' only contained Delphinidin derived anthocyanins. The results indicates that the colors of petals of different F. hybrida cultivars were related to anthocyanin components. Meanwhile, the degree of petal coloration is proportional to the total content of anthocyanins in the petals. This study provides theoretical basis for the cultivation, color improvement and breeding of new cultivars.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 1, TANG Dongqin^1*, LI Xin²]]> YU Jingjing¹, TANG Dongqin^1*, LI Xin² 29true Stevia rebaudiana cultivars cultured by cuttings were used as experimental materials. Firstly, a suitable macroporous adsorption resin was screened from eight different types of resins to purify chlorogenic acid components in Stevia rebaudiana leaves. Then, the chlorogenic acid components contained in the leaves of different S. rebaudiana cultivars were compared and analyzed by HPLC in order to screen the S. rebaudiana with high chlorogenic acid components. The results were as follows:(1)Among the eight tested resins, XAD-16 showed much better adsorption/desorption capacity for chlorogenic acid components.(2)XAD-16 resin had better purification effect on the chlorogenic acid components in the leaves of S. rebaudiana when the concentration of sample solution was 1.20 mg·g^-1 with pH 3 and 70%(v/v)ethanol used as desorption solution.(3)HPLC analysis showed that six kinds of chlorogenic acids were detected in the leaves of 14 S. rebaudiana cultivars, including neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C. The main components were isochlorogenic acid A, chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid C, but no isochlorogenic acid B was detected in varieties 3, 5, 13 and 14.(4)The contents of six chlorogenic acids in the leaves of 14 S. rebaudiana cultivars were 20.55-54.3 mg·g^-1( isochlorogenic acid A ), 17.96-32.93 mg·g^-1( chlorogenic acid ), 4.15-19.49 mg·g^-1( isochlorogenic acid C ), 0.61-4.61 mg·g^-1( neochlorogenic acid ), 0.52-3.11 mg·g^-1( cryptochlorogenic acid ), 0.0-3.17 mg·g^-1( isochlorogenic acid B ), respectively, and the total amount of six chlorogenic acids was 43.9-97.8 mg·g^-1. The research results suggest that different varieties of S. rebaudiana cultivars contain different contents of chlorogenic acids, and the S. rebau-diana cultivars rich in chlorogenic acids can be used to develop and obtain chlorogenic acids. The resarch can provide a basis for expanding the development and utilization of S. rebaudiana.]]> 2020/6/19 0:00:00 *]]> GUO Zhilong, MA Zhihua, ZHANG Hong, CHEN Ren, ZHANG Ziping^* 28true Panax notoginseng stem and leaf saponins. In order to make full use of cheap P. notoginseng stem and leaf saponins, the microorganism Aspergillus sp. P90r was studied, and we used the biotransformation methods comprehensively. Related properties, kinetics and other reaction characteristics of the specific ginsenoside Rb3-glycosylase were produced by determining the way of enzymatic reaction through extraction, separation, purification, enzyme activity determination and other steps. The results were as follows: This enzyme activity was 15%-25% higher than the enzyme by Absidia sp. GRB3-X8r. The result of the molecular weight of enzyme protein was 65.6 ku by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The content of enzyme protein was 0.237 mg·mL^-1 after purification, the specific activity of the protein was attainable as 169 U·mg^-1, the purification factor was 13.70 and the recovery rate was 9.39%. And the enzyme activity of ginsenoside Rb3-glycosylase was higher in the pH 5.0 of acidic environment. The enzyme was suitable condition in the range of pH 3.0-5.0, in the temperature of 45 ℃, and it was relative stable in the range of pH 4.0-6.0. The enzyme entered the mixed-order reaction at 20 min, and the results of the enzyme reaction kinetics showed that the K_m value was 8.77 mmol·L^-1 and V_max was 57.44 mmol·L^-1·h^-1. The reaction rate reached the maximum at 60 min, and the speed tended to be stable, and V_max was 66.63 mmol·L^-1·h^-1. The results on catalytic properties of enzymes showed that the enzyme firstly hydrolyzes 20-O-xylose of ginsenoside Rb3, secondly hydrolyzes 3-O-glucosyl, eventually which the catalytic reaction products include the formed substance of F2 and C-K. In summary, the microbial Aspergillus sp. P90r enzyme has the specificity to hydrolyzed ginsenoside Rb3-xylose and Rb3-glucose.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 *]]> ZHANG Ruizhe, XU Longquan, SONG Jianguo, YU Hongshan^* 27true Helicteres angustifolia against 10 plant pathogenic fungi were studied by the mycelium growth rate method at 1.5 mg·mL^-1. The inhibitory effects of root petroleum ether and root ethyl acetate extracts of Helicteres angustifolia on the spore germination in Colletotrichum musa were determined by spore germination method. The control effects of the root petroleum ether and root ethyl acetate extracts of Helicteres angustifolia against Colletotrichum musae were determined by in vitro method. The main components of root petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of Helicteres angustifolia were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS), and the mycelial growth inhibition activities of eight main compounds against Colletotrichum musa were tested. The results were as follows: Extracts each plant of Helicteres angustifolia showed different degrees of mycelial growth inhibitory effects on 10 plant pathogenic fungi. The mycelial growth inhibition rates of the root petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of Helicteres angustifolia against Colletotrichum musae reached 87.00% and 86.14% at 1.5 mg·mL^-1, and the EC₅₀ values were 0.062 and 0.052 mg·mL^-1, respectively. The relative inhibitory rates of the root petroleum ether and root ethyl acetate extracts of Helicteres angustifolia on the spore germination against Colletotrichum musae were more than 70% at 2, 4 and 8 mg·mL^-1. At 10 mg·mL^-1, the control effects of the root petroleum ether and root ethyl acetate extracts of Helicteres angustifolia against Colletotrichum musae were 72.32% and 59.77%, respectively. The root petroleum ether and root ethyl acetate extracts of Helicteres angustifolia were analyzed by GC-MS. In total, 36 major chemical components were identified in the root petroleum ether extracts, 17 major chemical components were identified in the root ethyl acetate extracts. Among the selected eight major compounds, diisobutyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate showed higher mycelial growth inhibitory effects against Colletotrichum musae. The inhibition rates was 65.12% and 68.07% at 100 μg·mL^-1, respectively. The EC₅₀ values were 56.66 μg·mL^-1 and 37.04 μg·mL^-1, respectively.]]> 2020/6/19 0:00:00 1,2, CHEN Ying^1,2, LI Changheng^1,2, SONG Xiangmin^1,2, XIE Changping^1,2, ZHU Chaohua^1,2, SUN Ranfeng^1,2*]]> LIANG Cai^1,2, CHEN Ying^1,2, LI Changheng^1,2, SONG Xiangmin^1,2, XIE Changping^1,2, ZHU Chaohua^1,2, SUN Ranfeng^1,2* 26true Dracaena cochinchinensis collected from Xishuangbanna, China and Vietnam were studied. SRB method was used to detect the activity of antitumor cells, agar diffusion and plate confrontation methods were used to test antimicrobial activities, Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to detect NRPS, PKS-I and PKS-Ⅱ genes, and the taxonomic studies of the five selected active strains were performed using 16S rRNA gene analysis. Eight media were designed to cultivate five selected active strains and the antimicrobial activities of their fermented extraction were detected by oxford-cup test against ten pathogenic bacteria and three pathogenic fungi, the antitumor activities were measured by MTT assay in two tumor cell lines. As a result, four of the five active strains were classified as Streptomyces spp. and the remaining one as Nocardioides sp. Different media resulted in different activities, most media of strain S04 showed strong activities against eight pathogens and the inhibition rate of the fermentation product of S04 in Medium C on Hep G2 cell line was up to 100%, which could be a novel resource for the mining of bioactive compounds for further studies.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:31 1, HUANG Zhipu², ZHAO Yuying², ZHAO Qing², ZHANG Xiaomei^1*]]> TIAN Shouzheng¹, HUANG Zhipu², ZHAO Yuying², ZHAO Qing², ZHANG Xiaomei^1* 25true -1, then decreased significantly as fruit matured. The soluble tannin content in persimmon leaves was low, and there was no significant changes during the whole growth period. In addition, three tannin components like GA, GC and CA were detected in persimmon flesh, while GA content was significantly higher than other components. Five components such as GA, GC, CA, Rutin and EGC were detected in persimmon peels, while the content of CA was the highest, and EGC only had trace detection at young and expansion periods. All six tannin components were detected in persimmon leaves, among which CA content was markedly high during the whole growth period, however both EGC and EC were just detected in trace amounts. Therefore, more soluble tannin production would be found in persimmon fruits from young period to expansion period, the flesh contains a great quantity of GA and the peel contains a large amount of CA component. Persimmon leaves could produce abundant CA component in the whole growth period.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:32 1, HUANG Sijie¹, LONG Minghua¹, SUN Ningjing^2*]]> LU Di¹, HUANG Sijie¹, LONG Minghua¹, SUN Ningjing^2* 24true Citrus limon, and the contents of limonin and nomilin in eight different lemon samples was determined by this method. The chromatographic condition was performed on an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm)column. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% aqueous phosphoric acid(A)and acetonitrile(B)was invoked as gradient elution with the flow rate at 1.0 mL·min^-1. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃ and the detection wavelength was set at 210 nm. The results were as follows: The content of limonin in the lemon peel of three producing areas was Ruili, Yunnan(EUR_D), Anyue, Sichuan(EUR_C)and Heyuan, Guangdong(EUR_Y)respectively, while the content of nomilin was EUR_D, EUR_C and EUR_Y; The content of limonin in different varieties of lemon peel was Meyer lemon(M_NM), Rough lemon(R_NM), Seedless lemon(S_NM), Genoa(RNY)and Lisbon(LSB), while the content of nomilin were S_NM, R_NM, LSB, RNY and M_NM. The results displayed that the content of limonin and nomilin in lemon peel from different areas and varieties was different. The HPLC method can provide a theoretical basis for the quality identification, resource evaluation and in-depth development of lemon fruits from different areas and varieties.]]> 2020/6/19 14:11:32 1, ZHANG Li³, QIN Fan¹, WAN Bin¹, LÜ Xiulan^2*]]> TU Xunliang¹, ZHANG Li³, QIN Fan¹, WAN Bin¹, LÜ Xiulan^2* 23true Dalbergia benthamii is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used by Zhuang People in Guangxi, which was reported to possess a variety of biological activities. But their chemical constituents, anti-inflammatory activities and their possible pharmacological mechanism of D. benthamii were unclear yet. The acute inflammation of different doses of ethanol extracts of D. benthamii was observed by the mouse xylene induced ear edema and carrageenan induced paw edema models. Then, the chemical constituents analysis of the extracts were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(PY-GC/MS). Their mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity was analyzed by network pharmacology at the same time. The results were as follows:(1)Compared with the model group, high dose group(8 g·kg^-1)of ethanol extracts of D. benthamii could significantly inhibit the xylene induced mouse ear edema, carrageenan induced hind paw edema, with inhibition rate over 50%.(2)There were sixty compounds identified from the extracts, including some reported anti-inflammatory active constituents, such as isoflavone mullein, formononetin, sanguine, piperine, beta-sitosterol, etc.(3)The network pharmacological analysis were shown that the anti-inflammatory effects of D. benthamii might be related to potential targets of PIK3CA, EGFR, MAPK, SRC, STAT3, CYP19A1, IL2 and MAOA, etc., which were mainly involving signaling pathways of cGMP-PKG, cAMP, Focal adhesion and Rapl. The results will provide an important reference for the further development and utilization of the plants of D. benthamii.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 2, CHEN Rui^1,2, LUI Bentao², YUAN Caiying², WEI Jianhua², HUO Lini², Li Dianpeng^1*]]> LIANG Tianjian², CHEN Rui^1,2, LUI Bentao², YUAN Caiying², WEI Jianhua², HUO Lini², Li Dianpeng^1* 22true Pteris insignis, which has the medical function of clearing heat and draining dampness as well as activating blood to subside swelling, is widely distributed and rich in resources in Guizhou. As far as we know, there is no literature report on the study of its chemical constituents and biological activity. The purpose of this paper was to explore the material basis of this species, to reveal the related bioactive constituents and lead compounds. The aerial part of P. insignis was extracted with 95% methanol to give crude extract, which was then isolated and purified by silica gel, MCI gel CHP 20P, YMC gel ODS-A-HG and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The structures of obtained compounds were deduced by the analysis of comprehensive spectral data. Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as(-)-α-tocospirone(1), cyclolaudenol(2),(2S,3S)-pterosin C(3),(2R,3S)-pterosin C(4), pterosin B(5), pterosin F(6), α-ionone A(7), sauropunol C/D(8/8'), ficusol(9), palmitic acid(10), 2-dodec-2-enyl-succinic acid dimethyl ester(11), methyl-9-phenyl-10-hydroxyoctadecanoate(12), hexadecanoic acid-2,3-dihydroxy-propyl ester(13), methyl elaidate(14),(Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester(15),(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid ester(16), carotenoid(17), β-sitosterol(18). All the compounds were isolated from P. insignis for the first time. The results of this study will lay a scientific foundation for the rational use of its resources.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 *, YE Jianghai, TANG Rentao, WANG Yuxue, ZHANG Jingjie]]> ZOU Juan, MAO Xiaoxian, HE Kang^*, YE Jianghai, TANG Rentao, WANG Yuxue, ZHANG Jingjie 21true Sophora tonkinensis were commonly used as the treatment of the throat and other infectious diseases. In order to identify its large polar antibacterial active components, silica gel column chromatography(CC), ODS CC and Sephadex LH-20 CC and semi preparative HPLC were used to isolate the chemical constituents from n-butanol fraction of S. tonkinensis. The antibacterial activities of the monomers against bacteria(Enterobacter faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli)and fungi(Candida albicans)were evaluated. The results showed ten compounds were isolated and identified as 2',4',7-trihydroxy-6,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)flavanone(1),genistin(2), 2-(2',4'-dihydroxy)-5,6-dioxomethylbenzofuran(3), maltol-β-D-glucopyranoside(4), leonuriside A(5),coniferylalcohol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6),glabrol(7),2-(2',4'-dihydroxy-phenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-10-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-8H-pyrano [2,3-d]chroman-4-one(8), oxymatrine(9), piscidic acid(10). Among of them, compounds 4-6 were isolated from the title plant for the first time, for our knowledge. Besides, biological activity test showed the potential antibacterial activities of compounds 1-3. It is worth mentioning that the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)value of compound 2 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 15.6 μg·mL^-1, while the MIC of compound 3 against Candida albicans and Escherichia coli were 31.3 μg·mL^-1.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 1, ZHANG Wei¹, DING Caifeng ², YU Haofei ², ZHANG Liyan¹, ZHOU Ying^1*]]> WEI Xin¹, ZHANG Wei¹, DING Caifeng ², YU Haofei ², ZHANG Liyan¹, ZHOU Ying^1* 20true Uncaria rhynchophylla contains large amount of alkaloids and abounds in natural resources, and has the function of heat-clearing for calming liver and wind-calming for calming frightened. In order to make clear the material basis of stems and leaves of U. rhynchophlla, in this paper, the chemical constituents of stems and leaves from U. rhynchophylla and their antitumor activities were studied. The extracts were isolated and purified by using silical gel, Sephadex LH-20, semi-HPLC, and the structures of the compounds were identified by physicochemical property and spectrum analysis. The antitumor activities of chemical constituents against K562, HEL cell lines were assessed by MTT method. Seven compounds were isolated and identified from stems of U. rhynchophylla as 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenol(1),scutellarin(2), isohydrohydrogenine(3), dehydroramine(4), Vallesiachotamine(5), isorhynchophylline(6), rhynchophylline(7). Twelve compounds were isolated and identified from leaves of U. rhynchophylla as octadecanol(8), β-sitosterol(9), tridecanoicacid(10), 2-methyl-5,7-dihydroxy-chroone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(11), oleanolic acid(12), quercetin(13), ivy aglycone(14), kaempferol(15),(6R, 9R )-9-hydroxymegastigman-4-en-3-one(16), ursolic(17), epicatechin(18), emodin methylether(19). The results of antitumor activities were as follows:(1)Compounds 3 and 5 inhibited the activities of HEL cell lines, and IC₅₀ values were 17.96 and 73.01 μg·mL^-1; Compound 5 inhibited the activities of K562 cell lines, and IC₅₀ values were 16.45 μg·mL^-1, which indicate that some compounds from stems of U. rhynchophylla have certain antitumor activities.(2)Compounds 1, 8,10 and 16 were isolated from this plant for the first time. This study shed the scientific light on reasonable utilization and sustainable development of plant resources.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 1,2, ZHANG Ni^1,2, LUO Jun^2,3, WANG Miaomiao^2,3, PAN Weidong^1,2*]]> LIU Yang^1,2, ZHANG Ni^1,2, LUO Jun^2,3, WANG Miaomiao^2,3, PAN Weidong^1,2* 19true Sabia campanulata subsp. ritchieae in reducing blood sugar. A total of 10 monomer compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extracts of S. campanulata subsp. ritchieae by gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography and recrystallization. Ten compounds were Pronuciferine(1),(6R, 6aS, P)-Isocorydine(2), N-methylhernovine(3), N-formyldehydroanonain(4), Roemerine(5),(-)-Tetrahydropalmatine(6), N-feruloyltyramine(7), N-p-coumaroyltyramine(8), Quercetin(9)and Dibutylphthalate(10). All compounds were isolated from the plant for the first time. In vitro activity results showed that compounds 7, 8 and 9 had significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC₅₀=6.1-38.8 μmol·L^-1 by the method of PNPG. Expecially, the activities of compounds 8 and 9 were 40 times more than the positive drug acarbose. This study enriched the chemical constituents of S. campanulata subsp. ritchieae, and also provided a scientific basis for the development of this plant resource in reducing blood sugar.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 1,2,3, DENG Ying^1,2, DENG Lulu^1,2, LI Jiang^1,2, MU Shuzhen^1,2*]]> DING Tongtong^1,2,3, DENG Ying^1,2, DENG Lulu^1,2, LI Jiang^1,2, MU Shuzhen^1,2* 18true Croton lachynocarpus, eight compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extract of twigs and leaves of C. lachynocarpus, by means of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and reversed-phase HPLC. Compounds were identified as 2β-hydroxyteucvidin acetate(1), 2β-hydroxyteucvidin(2), crotoeurin B(3), kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-cis-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(4), kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(5), castanoside A(6), cerevisterol(7), uracil(8)by analyzing their spectra data and comparing with the previously reported literatures. Compounds 2-7 were obtained from the plant for the first time.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 1,2, PAN Zhenghong^1,2, LI Haiyun¹, FU Yuxia², LI Lianchun², YU Lingling^1,2, NING Desheng^2*]]> LI Gen^1,2, PAN Zhenghong^1,2, LI Haiyun¹, FU Yuxia², LI Lianchun², YU Lingling^1,2, NING Desheng^2* 17true Lyonia Nutt. In order to further study the functional material basis of Lyonia, and in combination with the application of ethnic and folk practices to Lyonia ovalifolia var. elliptica, 95% ethanol extract of the plant was treated with phytochemical techniques such as silica gel, MCI, Sephadex LH-20, HPLC, fourteen lanostane triterpenes and their glycosides were identified by the physical and chemical properties. These fourteen compounds were identified as mollic acid 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(1), mollic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(2), cycloart-3,7-dihydroxy-24-en-28-oic acid(3), betulinicacid(4), 1β, 3α, 11α-trihydroxy-urs-12-ene(5), oleanderolide(6), 3-O-cis-p-coumaroyl maslinic acid(7), friedelin(8), pomolic acid(9), 2α, 3α-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid(10), corosolic acid(11), oleanolic acid(12), ursolic acid(13), tormentic acid(14). Compounds 1-7 were isolated from this genus for the first time, and compounds 8-11, 14 are isolated from this plant for the first time.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 1,2, LI Qiji^1,2, WANG Xue^1,2, YANG Juan^1,2, YANG Xiaosheng^1,2*]]> ZHANG Meng^1,2, LI Qiji^1,2, WANG Xue^1,2, YANG Juan^1,2, YANG Xiaosheng^1,2* 16true Jatropha curcas seeds, the diterpenes from J. curcas seeds and their protein kinase C(PKC)inhibition activities was necessary to study. The compounds were isolated by silica gel, ODS and preparation HPLC. Six diterpenes were isolated from ethanol extraction of J. curcas seeds. The structures were identified as 3β-acetoxy-12-methoxy-13-methyl-podocarpa-8,11,13-trien-7-one(1), 4-epi-dehydroabietic acid(2), 3β-hydroxy-19-O-acetyl-pimara-8(9),15-dien-7-one(3), Jatrophodione A(4), 14-O-acetyl-5,6-epoxy-(14E)-jatrogrossidentadion(5), 2-Hydroxy jatrophone(6)by physicochemical properties, MS, NMR and some reported data. Compounds 2, 3 and 6 were isolated from J. curcas for the first time, and compound 2 showed inhibitory effect on PKCβ.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 1, WANG Aiqin², LÜ Huawei³, ZHANG Hongjian^4*]]> LIN Yan¹, WANG Aiqin², LÜ Huawei³, ZHANG Hongjian^4* 15true Salvia bowleyana roots, nine compounds from 95% ethanol extract of the roots of Salvia bowleyana were isolated and purified by means of various column chromatographic techniques, including macroporous resin D101, MCI, normal-phase silica column, ODS, and reversed-phase HPLC. The nine compounds were identified as oleanolic acid(1), 2α,3α-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid(2), ursolic acid(3), 2α,3α-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(4), 2α,3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(5), 2α,3β,19α-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(6), 2α,3β,24-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(7), psiguanin A(8), and n-hexadecane acid(9). Compounds 1-9 were isolated from this plant for the first time.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 *]]> JIANG Xiaohua, LIU Zhangbin, HUO Huazhen, LI Dianpeng, YU Yang^* 14true Dendrobium (including 2 cultivars)species,the components and relative contents were determined by solid-phase microextraction(SPME)and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The results were as follows:(1)There are 52 volatile components identified,and these compounds belongs to terpenoids,esters,aromatics,nitrogenous compounds,alcohols and ketones. In all seven, the terpenoids was the main volatiles because the relative content was the most abundant and ranged from 83.25% to 94.93%.(2)There were three components including(1R)-(+)-α-pinene、D-limonene and cis-β-ocimene existed in all 7 species, but the relative content was different in the 7 species. In D. chrysotoxum,D. hancockii, D. fimbriatum, D. trigonopus and D. nobile‘H1', the most abundant components was cis-β-ocimene with relative content of 46.09%、46.40%、39.02%、65.96% and 54.34%, respectively. Then(1R)-(+)-α-pinene, in D. chrysotoxum, D. fimbriatum, D. trigonopus, D. nobile‘H1'and ‘818', the relative content was 34.11%, 25.61%, 15.26%, 21.11% and 23.21%, respectively. For D-limonene, the relative contents in D. cariniferum and D. trigonopus were higher than in other species with 16.02% and 6.86%.(3)Another, the relative contents of β-pinene in D. fimbriatum and D. cariniferum were 19.39% and 45.95%. But sabenene was measured only in D. nobile ‘818'(12.24%). Thus, these components with higher relative content were the major volatile components or the characteristic components for the 7 Dendrobium species. In summary, there were some common components and some different components in these Dendrobium species, and the relative content were also different in different species. These results would provide references for researching the metabolism of aroma components and products development of these Dendrobium species.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 *]]> XIA Ke, ZHAO Zhiguo, WU Qiaofeng, JIANG Qinghong, QIU Shuo^* 13true Artemisia annua against bacteria and fungi, and provide the basis for the production of natural antimicrobial substances by endophytes. Endophytes were isolated from the roots, stems and leaves of A. annua by tissue isolation and grinding methods. With five representative microorganisms, Escherichia coli CICC 23657, Bacillus subtilis CICC 10275, Staphylococcus aureus CICC 10384, Aspergillus niger CICC 2487 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC 33032 were used as indicating microorganisms, the antimicrobial activity of endophytes were detected by agar block method and double layer agar plate method. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 76 strains of endophytes were isolated from A. annua, including 19 strains of endophytic bacteria, 34 strains of endophytic actinomycetes and 23 strains of endophytic fungi. According to the plant parts of endophytes isolated, 56 strains were isolated from the stems, 17 from the roots and 3 from the leaves.(2)Among the endophytic species, 95% of the bacteria, 41% of the actinomycetes and 35% of the fungi showed antimicrobial activity, respectively.(3)The antimicrobial spectrum of endophytic bacteria was broad, while antimicrobial spectrum of endophytic actinomycetes was narrow, but there were many strains of endophytic actinomycetes with high antimicrobial activity, especially some strains of endophytic actinomycetes had strong antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It can be seen that there are abundant endophytes with antimicrobial activity in A. annua, and different species of endophytes from A. annua showed different antimicrobial activity.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 *]]> LI Lingling^* 12true Sargentodoxa cuneata(AESC). The AESC was prepared by ethanol extraction, and its chlorogenic acid content was determined by HPLC. KM mice(or New Zealand rabbits)were randomly divided into the blank group, positive control group(Yunnan Baiyao Tincture group)and the AESC group in determination of anti-inflammatory, analgesia and hemostasis activities. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic and hemostasis effects were investigated through determining xylene-induced ear swelling of mice, pain threshold and rabbit liver bleeding model. The results were as follows: The content of chlorogenic acid was(0.294 ± 0.013 5)%; Compared with the blank group, AESC group(Dose 0.700 g·kg^-1)could significantly reduce the ear swelling induced by xylene(P < 0.01), and the inhibition rate was 26.3%; Compared with the blank group and before administration, AESC group(Dose 1.40 g·kg^-1)could significantly increase the pain threshold of mice(P<0.01); Compared with the blank group, AESC group(Dose 1.40 g·kg^-1)could significantly improve the score of local wound bleeding(P<0.001). The alcohol extracts of S. cuneata showed significant effects in anti-inflammatory, analgesic and hemostasis, could be developed as the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hemostatic agents. And this study will provides theoretical basis for clinical application of the S. cuneata.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 1,2,3, HUANG Guangwei¹, TANG Hongyan¹, ZHOU Chuanjian¹, YANG Weihao¹, WANG Hengshan^2*]]> LIAO Na^1,2,3, HUANG Guangwei¹, TANG Hongyan¹, ZHOU Chuanjian¹, YANG Weihao¹, WANG Hengshan^2* 11true Dracaena cochinchinensis, and mine novel antimicrobial secondary metabolites from talent strains, endophytic fungi were isolated from stem and leaf tissues of D. cochinchinensis. All isolated strains were cultured in liquid media for seven days, the culture media were extracted with ethyl acetate and then used to estimate the antimicrobial activities against 10 pathogenic bacteria and 5 drug-resistance pathogens by using the oxford-cup test. The results were as follows:(1)345 strains were isolated and 294 of which displayed antimicrobial activities against more than one pathogen;(2)Among them, 84 endophytes(accounted for 24.35%)displayed potent inhibition against 5 drug-resistance pathogens to very degrees and 75% endophytes displayed obvious inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus. Accordingly, 40 talent strains were selected and identified to 32 species by phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequencing. This study indicated that diverse endophytic fungi with strong antimicrobial activities inhabiting in D. cochinchinensis, which could be potential for developing antimicrobial reagents.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 *]]> ZHAO Yuying, HUANG Zhipu, ZHANG Qiong, ZHAO Qing, BAI Yetao, ZHANG Xiaomei^* 10true Malus doumeri fruits from different production areas were investigated, and at the same time, HPLC method was developed to detect eight phenolic acids, including protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, dihydrocaffeic acid, caffeic acid, phloretic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and cinnamic acid. ZORBAX SB-C18 column was adopted. The mobile phase was composed of methanol and 1.5% formic acid aqueous with a gradient elution. The column temperature was 35 ℃, the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1, the detection wavelength was 280, 320 nm, and the injection volume was 20 μL. The results were as follows:(1)Linear relationship between the mass concentration and the peak area of the chromatogram of eight phenolic acids good, with the correlation coefficient > 0.997, the detection limit 0.08-0.20 μg·mL^-1, the lower limit of quantitation 0.27-0.67 μg·mL^-1, the coefficient of variation <5.0%, and the adding standard recovery 99.3%-103.3%.(2)Seven phenolic acids(protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, dihydrocaffeic acid, caffeic acid, phloretic acid, ferulic acid and cinnamic acid)were detected over ten samples in different production areas. Among the seven phenolic acids, dihydrocaffeic acid, phloretic acid and ferulic acid were detected in M. doumeri fruits for the first time, and chlorogenic acid(8 410.2-13 826.7 μg·g^-1)was predominant, accounting for more than 80% of the total phenolic acids. The mass fraction of total phenolic acids ranged from 10 187.8 to 15 583.9 μg·g^-1. The mass fraction of total phenolic acids from fruits picked from Jingxi of Baise and Gongcheng of Guilin in Guangxi was relatively high, more than 15 000 μg·g^-1. The above results indicate that the HPLC method used in this study is suitable for the determination of phenolic acids contents in M. doumeri fruit, and can provide methods and scientific basis for screening superior variety, products quality control, and deep exploitation and utilization of M. doumeri fruits.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 1,2, HUO Huazhen², CAI Aihua^2*, XIE Yunchang², LI Haiyun¹, LI Dianpeng^1,2]]> SUN Bo^1,2, HUO Huazhen², CAI Aihua^2*, XIE Yunchang², LI Haiyun¹, LI Dianpeng^1,2 9true Ardisia, the 42 materials were used to sequencing base on specific loci amplified fragment sequencing(SLAF-seq). Based on polymorphic SLAF tags, single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were identified by the GATK and SAMtools softwares, and to analysis the genetic differentiation. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 246.35 Mb reads data were obtained by SLAF-seq, the average of Q30 and GC content was 95.66% and 41.14%, respectively.(2)In total, 1 769 265 high quality SLAF tags were obtained, including 379 829 polymorphic SLAF tags, and a total of 2 299 640 SNPs were obtained.(3)Through the SNPs data, Radix Ardisia were divided into two groups. The first group contained BLX1-8 and BLY1-8, the second group contained ZSG1-8, HL, ZSH1-6 andZSJ1-6. The results revealed the genetic relationships in the genomic level and provided theoretical basis for germplasm identification and genetic diversity analysis of Radix Ardisia and developed SNPs could be further used for excavating the gene related resistant, quality and so on.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 *]]> LIU Chang, PAN Jie, LIU Xiongwei, DING Jingxin, ZHOU Ying^* 8true FPPS gene by reverse transcription, and used bioinformatics softwares to predict the physicochemical properties, structure and function of the protein encoded by FPPS. The results were as follows:(1)The open reading frame of the sequence is 1 050 bp in length and encodes 349 amino acids. The predicted molecular weight of the expressed protein is 40 KD. The isoelectric point of the protein is 5.43. And there is a domain involved in the synthesis of isoprene compounds. There is no signal peptide in the protein, and its subcellular localization is in the cytoplasm. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the amino acid sequence of patchouli FPPS is closest to the amino acid sequence of Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. japonica.(2)In order to study the expression of FPPS protein, the effects of different concentrations of isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside on the expression of the fusion protein were examined. The results indicated that fusion-expressed protein was present in the form of inclusion bodies. And there was no significant differences in the expression of protein induced by four concentrations of IPTG.(3)In order to study the effects of methyl jasmonate(MeJA)on the expression of FPPS, this experiment used fluorescence quantitative technology to analyze the effects of 0.10 and 0.25 mmol·L^-1 MeJA on the expression level of FPPS gene. The results found that the expression of FPPS gene after 0.10 mmol·L^-1 MeJA induction was first increased, then decreased, then increased and then decreased. However, after 0.25 mmol·L^-1 MeJA induction, the expression of FPPS gene tended to decrease first, then increase and then decrease. It is speculated that high concentrations of MeJA have an inhibitory effect, and low concentrations of MeJA have a promoting effect. This study lays the foundation for the research on terpenoid synthesis pathways of patchouli and provides a theoretical reference for subsequent gene function verification.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 1, DENG Wenjing¹, ZENG Jianrong¹, LIU Jianzhong¹, ZHANG Hongyi^1,2,3, HE Mengling^1,2,3, YAN Hanjing^1,2,3*]]> LU Changhua¹, DENG Wenjing¹, ZENG Jianrong¹, LIU Jianzhong¹, ZHANG Hongyi^1,2,3, HE Mengling^1,2,3, YAN Hanjing^1,2,3* 7true FatB1, FatB2 and FatB3 genes were carried out by qRT-PCR. The relationship between fatty acid accumulation and FatB gene expression in coconut fruit at each development stage were clarified. The results were as follows:(1)Coconut oil contains nine kinds of fatty acid. In the early growth stage of coconut fruit development(the 6th and 7th months), the contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid were higher, and the relative contents of lauric acid and myristic acid were lower. The relative expression of FatB1 gene was higher through real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.(2)In the later growth stage of coconut fruit(the 8th and 9th month), the relative contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid decreased rapidly, the relative contents of lauric acid and myristic acid increased rapidly, the relative expression of FatB2 and FatB3 genes was higher, and the expression of FatB1 was lower. Through this study, we preliminarily explored the change trend of FatB gene expression and fatty acid composition in different growth stages of coconut fruit. The results establish foundation for screening the key FatB gene that controls the accumulation of low-carbon chain fatty acids in coconut fruit, and provide theoretical basis for the molecular improvement of fatty acid composition.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:42 *]]> ZHOU Lixia, WU Yi, YANG Yaodong^* 6true Bletilla striata and B. ochracea were compared in the same habitat. Endophytic bacteria 16S rDNA and endophytic fungi ITS from tissues(stem, leaf, tuber and root)of B. striata and B. ochracea were studied by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Abundance and biodiversity index were analyzed. Differences of endophyte between B. striata and B. ochracea were compared by principal component analysis, cluster analysis and correlation analysis. The resutls were as follows:(1)Shannon-Wiener indexes of endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi in each tissue sample from B. striata and B. ochracea were between 1.77 to 2.51 and 1.79 to 3.18, respectively.(2)The endophytic bacteria of B. striata and B. ochracea were similar in stem, tuber and root, but quite different in leaf. The significant specificity was shown in endophytic fungi on the opposite.(3)Polysaccharides content in medicinal parts of B. striata was correlated with seven and two T-RFs in endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi, respectively. Meanwhile, polysaccharides content in medicinal parts of B.ochracea was correlated with three and six T-RFs in endophytic bacteria and endophytic fungi, respectively. In summary, the endophytic bacteria of B. striata and B. ochracea from the same habitat in each part of tissues was similar except the leaf. However, endophytic fungi were significantly different. Some endophyte associated with polysaccharide content of the medicinal part.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:43 1,2, WU Kunyi^2,3, FENG Zhengping², WANG Jing¹, LU Fangfang¹, CUI Langjun^2*]]> TU Ran^1,2, WU Kunyi^2,3, FENG Zhengping², WANG Jing¹, LU Fangfang¹, CUI Langjun^2* 5true Passiflora edulia, using sensory scores and various physical and chemical indicators(Vc, soluble solids, total acid, solid acid ratio)as the basis to investigate the antiseptic effect of the extract. The results were as follows:(1)The ethanol extract of apple pomace had no obvious inhibitory effect on yeasts(diameter of inhibition zone <1 mm), but it had obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli(diameter of inhibition zone was 6-9 mm).(2)The best inhibitory concentration for these strains was 4.0 g·L^-1. In addition, when the antibacterial effect of the extract was optimal, the pH was 6-7 and the salt concentration was 5.0 g·L^-1.(3)The optimal concentration for Passiflora edulia was 0.2%, and the rot rate after storage at this concentration was only 6.7%(control group was 67%), and the weight loss rate was 5.5%(control group was 36.3%). The soluble solids and total acid content were not significantly different from those before storage(P>0.05)(control group P<0.05). And most of the fruits were plump, firm, bright and shiny, moderately sweet and sour. The antibacterial extract of apple pomace has antibacterial activity and significant antiseptic effect, and provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of apple pomace resources.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:43 1,2, HAN Jing¹, LIU Xu^1,2*, PU Liu¹, GUAN Yuanyuan¹, DUAN Jieying¹]]> ZHANG Hualing^1,2, HAN Jing¹, LIU Xu^1,2*, PU Liu¹, GUAN Yuanyuan¹, DUAN Jieying¹ 4true A. sinensis were optimized by ultrasonic assisted response surface. Taking the comprehensive score of ferulic acid and ligustilide content as the evaluation index and the ethanol concentration, extraction time and liquid-to-solid ratio were selected as the three main factors, and the contents of ferulic acid and ligustilide in A. sinensis were determined by ¹H-qNMR. Single factor screening combined with Box-Behnken central combination design test was used to optimize the parameters of extraction process. The single-factor screening results showed that a high comprehensive score was obtained under the three conditions of 80% ethanol concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio was 12 mL·g^-1, or 30 min extraction duration. Based on this, the Behnken center combination design test was designed and implemented. The results showed that the influence degree of each experimental factor on the comprehensive score was the ethanol concentration, the liquid-to-solid ratio was the second, and the extraction time was the least. The best optimum extraction conditions were as follows: ethanol concentration was 80.87%, liquid-to-solid ratio was 13.04 mL·g^-1, extraction duration was 30.14 min. The verification test results were consistent with the predicted values. The quantitative resonance peaks of pyrazine, ferulic acid and ligustilide were δ 8.66 ppm, δ 6.37-6.35 ppm and δ 5.55-5.53 ppm, respectively, using DMSO-d₆ as solvent and pyrazine as internal standard substance by ¹H-qNMR. The precision, stability, repeatability and recovery of the method were good, and the limits of quantification and detection were low, which can meet the needs of practical analysis and testing. To sum up, the optimization method of response surface method was used to optimize the extraction process, the experimental results were accurate and reliable, good reproducibility, and suitable for the simultaneous extraction of ferulic acid and ligustilide in A. sinensis. The ¹H-qNMR method had the advantages of simple operation, fast analysis speed and strong specificity, and could be used for the simultaneous determination of ferulic acid and ligustilide in A. sinensis.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:43 1,2,3, LI Qian^1,2,3*, HUANG Xiang^1,2,3, FENG Yanmei^1,2,3, YANG Lan^1,2,3, QIU Daiyu^1,2,3]]> ZHANG Yu^1,2,3, LI Qian^1,2,3*, HUANG Xiang^1,2,3, FENG Yanmei^1,2,3, YANG Lan^1,2,3, QIU Daiyu^1,2,3 3true Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, using a toxic medium coating method. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 72 endophytic fungi were obtained from different citrus cultivars and classified into 14 genera. Fungal isolates belong to phylum Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. The frequent genera were Colletotrichum, Guignardia, Alternaria and Fusarium.(2)The diversity indices of endophytic fungi from different citrus as follow: Citrus unshiu Marc.(Guilin)> C. reticulata Blanco cv. Shatangju(Guilin)> C. reticulata Blanco cv. Shatangju(Wuzhou).(3)The diversities indices of endophytic fungi were different, which were isolated from different tissues of citrus associated with different geographical location. The similarity of endophytic fungi in the citrus samples collected from Wuzhou and those from Guilin was low.(4)The antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extracts from the fermented culture of 30 endophytic fungi were determined against pathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri in vitro assay. Most of their extracts exhibited significant inhibition. Among them, the MIC values of dominant genera, specific genera and shared genus were 0.312 5-10 mg·mL^-1, 0.156-5 mg·mL^-1 and 0.312 5-2.5 mg·mL^-1, respectively. The results indicate that the endophytic fungi in citrus disease-resistant cultivars are rich in diversity, and most of their extracts exhibit inhibition against X. citri subsp. citri. The antibacterial activity of specific genera is generally better than the dominant genera, and all of the strains in the shared genus Fusarium displayed significant inhibition against X. citri subsp. citri.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:43 1,2,3, CHEN Jieping^1,2,3, NONG Xiaoxia^1,2,3, LI Xin^1,2,3, LUO Haiyu^1,2,3*, WEI Liuliu^1,2,3, RUAN Jiahuan^1,2,3, GUAN Xiangyuan^1,2,3, LU Sha^1,2,3]]> YAN Zhenling^1,2,3, CHEN Jieping^1,2,3, NONG Xiaoxia^1,2,3, LI Xin^1,2,3, LUO Haiyu^1,2,3*, WEI Liuliu^1,2,3, RUAN Jiahuan^1,2,3, GUAN Xiangyuan^1,2,3, LU Sha^1,2,3 2true Rosa laevigata, collected from different origins, habitats and processed products by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS), and to optimize a processing method in R. laevigata between different processed products. The samples were analyzed by ICP-MS and the histograms were established based on the characteristic metal elements. Discrimination study was carried out based on the hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA)and principal component analysis(PCA)of 45 samples collected from different origins, habitats and processed products, of which the results showed that the content of each metal element in the 45 samples of R. laevigata was existed variation among the nine districts, of which the content of Al was abundant. The 45 samples were classified into three clusters. The results of PCA confirmed the accuracy of HCA. Six main factors were selected by PCA, and the PCA results showed that Al, Pb, Ba, Zn, As and Sr were the characteristic elements in R. laevigata. The results displayed that the content variations of metal elements in different habitats of R. laevigata and its processed products, and the vinegar stir fry method is optimization processing. This study could provide a theory and technical support for clinical safety application and the process quality control of R. laevigata.]]> 2021/7/31 21:55:43 1, DENG Qi ¹, SHU Ke², LU Xiaoling^1*, ZHUO Shen¹, FAN Jiawen¹, PAN Sixing¹]]> WEI Xiyuan¹, DENG Qi ¹, SHU Ke², LU Xiaoling^1*, ZHUO Shen¹, FAN Jiawen¹, PAN Sixing¹ 1true