Epimedium(Berberidaceae)is a hot and difficult topic in taxonomy, and its taxa have been published and revised frequently. In order to more clearly understand the variation of Epimedium, this paper systematically sorted out the important characters of Epimedium on the basis of consulting the research results and specimens, combined with the field investigation and analysis of the research group. The petal pattern is the most important basis for the taxonomy of Epimedium, but it is not absolutely stable, and there may be abundant variations in petal morphology within the species. The colors of petals and anthers, and even the size of flowers should not be used as the main basis for classification at least in some taxa. The rhizome type(compact or long creeping)is a useful taxonomic character in most taxa, but it should be based on extensive investigations. There are abundant variations in most taxa on the number and arrangement of leaves on flowering stem, which is difficult to be applied in practice. The variation of non-glandular hair characteristics is very complex and various, so they should not be used as a key basis for species identification. The plants of genus Epimedium are generally shorter after cultivation, which suggests that it is necessary to conduct survey and morphological observation in natural habitats to understand the morphological characteristics of species. The genus Epimedium in China is still in active evolution, and its morphological variation is complicated. Therefore, cautions should be taken in species identification and resource utilization.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:04 1,2, WANG Lijun¹, HE Pingping¹, HU Shengfu², ZHANG Meihong², HE Tiantian², XU Yanqin^2*]]> LIU Shaoxiong^1,2, WANG Lijun¹, HE Pingping¹, HU Shengfu², ZHANG Meihong², HE Tiantian², XU Yanqin^2* 18true Phyllanthus acidus, an evergreen shrub or tree in Euphorbiaceae, is mainly distributed in Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos, etc. It is also introduced and cultivated in Xishuangbanna and Yuanjiang areas of Yunnan Province, China. The fruits are edible and the plant has been widely used to treat various diseases, such as hypertension, asthma, diabetes, dermatitis, fever, smallpox, and so on, by the local people of its growing areas. Moreover, the young leaves are utilized as edible vegetables in Indonesia, Thailand and India. Phytochemical studies yielded sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and triterpenes from roots and stems, and flavonoids as the major chemical constituents from the leaves. Some constituents showed obvious anti-hepatitis B virus(HBV), anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and anti-hypertensive activities. For example, parts of the norbisabolane sesquiterpenes displayed potential anti-HBV activities, with IC₅₀ values of 0.8-36 μmol·L^-1 against HBV surface antigen(HBsAg)and HBV excreted antigen(HBeAg), and the results indicate that the ketal group at C-5 and sugar moieties at C-13 play important roles in the selectivity of HBsAg and HBeAg. This paper reviews the research progress of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of the plant from 1966 to 2020, which provides scientific evidence and reference for its future study, spread, application and development.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:04 1,2, LI Na¹, ZHU Hongtao¹, YANG Weinong³, WANG Dong¹, YANG Chongren¹, ZHANG Yingjun^1*]]> XU Jia^1,2, LI Na¹, ZHU Hongtao¹, YANG Weinong³, WANG Dong¹, YANG Chongren¹, ZHANG Yingjun^1* 17true Iconographia Plantarum written in the Qing Dynasty, was previously verified as Lycopodiaceae, Huperzia Bernh, Huperzia serrata. Huperzine A(HupA), isolated from Qiancengta during pharmaceutical research, can effectively, highly selectively and reversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase and reduce the decomposition of acetylcholine. It has been widely used to enhance memory and treat Alzheimer's disease, attracting worldwide attention. This research reviews the latest research progress of these precious medicinal plants in the past 40 years, including systematics, genetic diversity, omics research, endophytic fungi, chemical constituents, resource investigation, cultivation and propagation and natural resource conservation. From the perspective of taxonomy, H. serrata in China includes actually two species: H. javanica in South China and H. serrata in Northeast China. The former is the botanical origin recorded in Iconographia Plantarum. Taking into account the stability of the names of medicinal plants and materials, this research propose that the Chinese name of H. javanica follows “Qiancengta” in Iconographia Plantarum and H. serrata follows “Shezushishan”.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:04 1,2, ZHANG Menghua^1,2, WANG Jinxiu¹, ZHANG Xianchun^1*]]> CHEN Sisi^1,2, ZHANG Menghua^1,2, WANG Jinxiu¹, ZHANG Xianchun^1* 16true 2021/12/13 9:46:04 1,2, HU Renchuan³, CHENG Zhuo^1,2, LUO Binsheng^1,2, JIANG Xia^1,2, LONG Chunlin^1,2*]]> FANG Qiong^1,2, HU Renchuan³, CHENG Zhuo^1,2, LUO Binsheng^1,2, JIANG Xia^1,2, LONG Chunlin^1,2* 15true Phoebe bournei, Burretiodendron hsienmu, Erythrophleum fordii, Toonaciliate. In addition, five of them belong to the provincial and municipal(local)level Protected Wild Plants List, namely Machilus thunbergii, Cyclobalanopsis kouangsiensis, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Caesalpinia sappan, Dalbergia hupeana. These plants form various plant communities, which plays an important role in promoting the protection of plant diversity in the Baise.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:04 1, HUANG Ke¹, TANG Jianmin², CAO Ming², SU Shilin^1*]]> HUANG Jiaoli¹, HUANG Ke¹, TANG Jianmin², CAO Ming², SU Shilin^1* 14true Hunan Traditional Chinese Medicine Standard(2009 edition)of medicinal plants for dispelling wind and eliminating dampness were analyzed with ethnobotanical investigation methods. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 71 dispelling wind and eliminating dampness medicinal plant species from 65 genera and 48 families were documented in the ethnobotanical investigation. Most of them were Ranunculaceae and Araliaceae.(2)The roots, whole plants and stems(vines)of this medicinal plants were mainly part used.(3)Most of the documented species were herbs, followed by vines, shrubs, and few trees.(4)The intergenerational transmission of traditional medicinal knowledge and medicinal plants were under uncertainty threat.(5)The medical plant Aristolochia mollissima, Clematis chinensis and Anisomeles indica showed the highest fidelity level(FL)of knowledge consistency, and they were the most commonly used medicinal plants for dispelling wind and eliminating dampness in Xiangxi Region.(6)The local prices of medicinal plants are less affected by the market and maintained at a relatively stable level. The local people had few understanding of the consumption demand of medicinal materials.(7)There were 25 kinds of medicinal plants included in the Standard of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials of Hunan Province(2009 Edition), and the functional descriptions such as dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, dispelling wind and removing blood stasis, activating blood circulation and collaterals. The study shows a rich diversity of medicinal plants and related traditional knowledge for dispelling wind and eliminating dampness in Xiangxi Region. With the continuous improvement of China's resources legislation at the present stage, we propose to strengthen the protection of the traditional knowledge so as to improve the biodiversity and sustainable utilization level of such resources, use of multi-disciplinary knowledge and technical means to strengthen the exploration and innovation of traditional medicine resources in the region, so that the rich medicinal plant resources can better contribute to human health in the future.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:04 1,2, YAO Peishuang², LI Zhenzhen², BU Li², ZENG Zhengyuan², LONG Chunlin^1,3*]]> HE Jianwu^1,2, YAO Peishuang², LI Zhenzhen², BU Li², ZENG Zhengyuan², LONG Chunlin^1,3* 13true Salvia plebeia by various chromatographic methods, including macroporous resin D101, MCI, silica gel, and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were elucidated as 8-ethoxy-eudebeiolide B(1), salplebeone D(2), and salplebeone A(3)by using HR-ESI-MS and NMR data, in which Compound 1 is a new compound.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:04 1,2, LIU Zhangbin², JIANG Xiaohua², HUO Huazhen², LI Dianpeng², YU Yang^2*]]> CHEN Xiaoying^1,2, LIU Zhangbin², JIANG Xiaohua², HUO Huazhen², LI Dianpeng², YU Yang^2* 12true Arenga pinnata, which has obvious analgesic activity, but its chemical composition is rarely reported. In order to study the chemical compositions of the A. pinnata fruit, the compounds were separated and purified by repeated silica gel column chromatography and ODS column chromatography combined with HPLC, and the structures of the compounds were identified by using NMR spectroscopy. Twelve flavonoids were isolated from the 70% ethanol extraction of A. pinnata fruit, which were identified as neosmitilbin(1), glycyrrhizin(2), genistein(3), 2, 4, 4'-trihydroxychalcone(4), glycyrrhizin(5), genistein-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6), isoglycyrrhizin(7), neo isoliquiritin(8), daidzin(9), 7-O-primverosylformononetin(10), icuraside(11), calycosin 7-O-β-glucoside(12). These twelve compounds were all isolated from A. pinnata fruit for the first time.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 1, LIU Jifei², WANG Chang¹, WANG Weiming^1*]]> HUO Jinhai¹, LIU Jifei², WANG Chang¹, WANG Weiming^1* 11true Pyrrosia sheareri is widely used as folk herbs in minority areas of Guizhou Province. However, its chemical constituents are rarely reported. To further study the chemical constituents of P. sheareri, macroporous adsorption resins, silica-gel and sephadex LH-20 columns were employed to isolate and purify chemical constituents of P. sheareri. The structures of obtained compounds were identified by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and confirmed by comparison of their spectral data with those in the literature. The results were as follows: Eleven compounds were isolated and elucidated respectively as cycloart-25-en-3β,24-diol(1), 3β-acetoxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid(2), ursolic acid(3), 7β-hydroxysitosterol(4), 7α-hydroxysitosterol(5), β-sitosterol(6), 3,7-dihydroxy-5-octanolide(7), 5,7,3',5'-tetrahydroxy-flavanone(8), vanillic acid(9), caffeic acid methyl ester(10), 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid(11). Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10 and 11 were isolated from this plant for the first time, and compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from this genus for the first time.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 1, FAN Linlin², WU Tiantai¹, Shen Linyan¹, JIAN Jie¹, ZOU Juan^1*]]> HE Kang¹, FAN Linlin², WU Tiantai¹, Shen Linyan¹, JIAN Jie¹, ZOU Juan^1* 10true Euonymus actinocarpus in genus Euonymus of family Celastraceae, column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative liquid chromatography were applied for the isolation and purification of the constituents. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis and by comparison the data in literature. The results were as follows:(1)Ten compounds were isolated from the 95%EtOH extract of aerial part of E. actinocarpus, and their structures were identified as lupeol(1), taraxerol(2), epifriedelinol(3), sophoradiol(4), taraxerone(5), sorghumol(6), lupeol acetate(7), friedelin(8), β-sitosterol(9), daucosterol(10), respectively.(2)All isolated compounds 1-10 were reported from E. actinocarpus for the first time.(3)The aerial part of E. actinocarpus mainly contained triterpenoids and steroids, furthermore, the triterpenoids mainly involved pedunane, oleanane and lupanane type skeletons. The results increase the understanding of the material basis of E. actinocarpus, and provide a certain scientific basis for the development and utilization of Euonymus plant resources.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 1, JI Hongyuan¹, ZHANG Jianying², ZHANG Huiying³, LI Danye¹, ZUO Aixue^1*]]> LIU Shuping¹, JI Hongyuan¹, ZHANG Jianying², ZHANG Huiying³, LI Danye¹, ZUO Aixue^1* 9true Callicarpa longissima has hemostatic and analgesic effects, and there are few reports on its chemical composition and pharmacological activity. In order to study the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of C. longissima branches and leaves, the 95% ethanol extract of C. longissima branches and leaves were isolated and purified by column chromatography and HPLC, and the structures of the obtained compound were identified based on the physical and chemical properties and spectral data. Using LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cell line models in vitro, main compounds were evaluated for the inhibition against NO production. The results were as follows: Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as 4',5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone(1), penduletin(2), cirsimaritin(3), artemetin(4), 4',5-dihydroxy-3',7-dimethoxyflavone(5), cirsilineol(6), chrysosplenetin(7), paulownin(8), oleanolic acid(9), betulinic acid(10), 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenol(11), ethyl caffeate(12).(2)Compounds 1-7 have significant inhibitory effect on the release of NO from mouse macrophages RAW 264.7 induced by LPS at a concentration of 25 μmol·L^-1. In conclusion, compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11 and 12 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1-7 have anti-inflammatory effects, among which compounds 2, 3 and 6 show strong anti-inflammatory activity.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 1,2, NING Desheng², FU Yuxia², LI Lianchun², LI Haiyun¹, PAN Zhenghong^2*]]> YU Lingling^1,2, NING Desheng², FU Yuxia², LI Lianchun², LI Haiyun¹, PAN Zhenghong^2* 8true Vitellaria paradoxa was an important ecological tree and oil crop in tropical Africa, and its fruit was rich in oil and cocoa butter, which was called “the emerald of vegetable oil”. However, there have been no reports on the analysis and assessment of fruit characteristics and nutritional components of V. paradoxa when it was introduced to Yuanjiang hot-dry river valley of China. In this study, in order to cultivate and comprehensively develop V. paradoxa in a large area, the fruit biological characters and nutritional components of V. paradoxa introduced from Africa to Yuanjiang County, Yunnan Province were analyzed and evaluated by field investigation and indoor phytochemical extraction method. The results were as follows:(1)V. paradoxa were tall and graceful, with larger fruit(22.15 g/each)and higher edible rate(61.12%);(2)The content of dietary fiber in fruit was very high(41.52 g/100 g), and the fat content in seeds was 33.72 g/100 g;(3)Moreover, the contents of K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe and Zn were 6 476.70, 376.47, 181.93, 139.20, 3.54 and 1.92 mg/100 g, respectively;(4)The fruit was rich in amino acids, and essential amino acids accounted for 29.87%.(5)More importantly, the fruit size, the contents of dietary fiber, fats, K, Ca and aspartic acid of fruits in Yuanjiang dry-hot river valley were significantly higher than those in the original region. The findings not only lay a theoretical basis for artificial planting of V. paradoxa in dry-hot river valley, but also offer a certain technical support for the industrialization development and the deep processing of products.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 1, WU Liqing², XU Jianchu^2,3, ZHAO Gaojuan^2*]]> WANG Yijing¹, WU Liqing², XU Jianchu^2,3, ZHAO Gaojuan^2* 7true Cephaelis ipecacuanha has a wide reputation as a specific medicine for amebic. The roots of C. ipecacuanha are the sources for an expectorant, emetic and amoebacide. At present, this plant has not been grown on a large scale in China, and its demand mainly depends on imports. To solve the problem, the introduction, propagation and cultivation technique of C. ipecacuanha were studied. The results were as follows:(1)Jinghong City, Yunnan Province, China could be used as an introductory place, and its climatic indexes could meet the needs of this plant normal growth and development.(2)C. ipecacuanha was propagated by root or bottom stem cutting, and rooting and survival rates of Brazilian ipecac by the former(100.0% and 100.0%)were better than that of the latter(68.0% and 75.0%).(3)The bottom stem cutting treated with IAA or IBA(20 mg·L^-1+1 h)could be used to improve cutting survival rate of Brazilian ipecac, and survival rate of the treated group had significantly better values(90.0% or 88.0%)than that of control group.(4)C. ipecacuanha propagated by root cutting had good growth, appearance and total root volume. Plant height of one-year-old and two-year-old root cuttings were 10.66 and 16.54 cm, respectively. The corresponding total root volume were 2.71 and 3.54 mL, respectively.(5)The forest humic soil:coconut chaff=4:1(Volume rate)was used as culture substrates of C. ipecacuanha.(6)During the annual growth trend of the above-ground of C. ipecacuanha, the ground diameter obviously increased from January to March and from September to November, the plant height obviously increased from July to November and the leaf length and leaf width obviously increased from March to September. According to these features, the corresponding cultivation techniques of soil water and nitrogen fertilizer can be managed scientifically. The results of this study can provide a certain scientific reference for the introduction, propagation and cultivation of C. ipecacuanha.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 1, YUE Jianjun², MA Xiaojun^1,3*, HE Jinrong⁴, ZHANG Lixia¹, YANG Chunyong¹]]> YAN Zhen¹, YUE Jianjun², MA Xiaojun^1,3*, HE Jinrong⁴, ZHANG Lixia¹, YANG Chunyong¹ 6true Macaranga indica and M. denticulata belong to the genus Macaranga Thou.(Euphorbiaceae family). Plants of this genus are widely used in treatments of many diseases in Chinese folk medicine. The nervonic acid contained in the seeds of these two plants has also attracted great attention of researchers. In order to determine the strategy of the whole genome of M. indica and M. denticulata. In the present study, we first determined the genome sizes, heterozygosities, and repetitive rates of M. indica and M. denticulata through the second generation sequencing technology and bioinformatics methods, and the SSR sequence characteristics of M. indica and M. denticulata were preliminarily analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)The genome sizes of M. indica and M. denticulata were 986.84 and 946.23 M, respectively;(2)Heterozygosities and repetitive rates were 0.75% and 73.02% respectively in M. indica, and 0.65% and 71.5% in M. denticulata;(3)In addition, 4 499 185 and 4 969 098 genomic simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers in M. indica and M. denticulata were generated respectively. The results provide theoretical guidance for deep whole-genome sequencing of the two species and the screening and development of SSR molecular markers of M. indica and M. denticulata.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 1,3, LU Tianquan1, YANG Junbo2, TIAN Bo1*]]> LI Jiangying1,3, LU Tianquan1, YANG Junbo2, TIAN Bo1* 5true WRKY transcription factor is an indispensable part of plant signal network. As one of the largest family of transcription factors in plants, WRKY transcription factor plays an important role in various stress responses of plants. The physicochemical properties and molecular evolution of WRKY protein family of Coffea canephora were analyzed in detail by bioinformatics methods. The results were as follows:(1)The amino acids numbers of WRKY proteins were from 103 to 994, and there was no signal peptide, and were presumed to be a non-secretory protein. Random coil was the most important structural element in the secondary structure of its WRKY proteins. The tertiary structure of WRKY proteins were mainly divided into six categories, among which the D-class structure with CcWRKY15、CcWRKY25、CcWRKY37 and CcWRKY42 as the main members was the most stable.(2)Conserved domain and phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that the WRKY gene family in C. canephora contained 49 members, 10 of which were classified as WRKY class I, 34 members were classified as WRKY class Ⅱ, and 5 members were classified as WRKY class Ⅲ.(3)The phylogenetic analysis of WRKY47 gene of C. canephora and other species showed that WRKY47 of C. canephora was the most closely related to tobacco and the most distant to Elaeis guineensis, indicating that WRKY47 protein is relatively conservative in the process of biological evolution. The results of this study can provide some reference for the further study of the molecular function of WRKY gene family of C. canephora, and have important practical significance for further exploration of the function, evolution and molecular breeding of WRKY gene in C. canephora.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 1,2*, TANG Xue1,2, YANG Yaojun1,2, JIANG Na 3]]> FU Chun1,2*, TANG Xue1,2, YANG Yaojun1,2, JIANG Na 3 4true Fallopia multiflora, in this study, SRAP molecular marker method was used to explore the genetic diversity and population structure of 327 F. multiflora samples from 44 habitats. Three sampling strategies and six proportional sampling modes were used to construct the core germplasm bank. After t-Test comparison, the better core germplasm construction method and the representative core germplasm samples were selected. The results were as follows:(1)The genetic diversity of F. multiflora germplasm was abundant, and number of observed alleles(Na), number of effective alleles(Ne), Shannon information index(I)and Nei's genetic diversity index(H)were 1.984 3, 1.454 9, 0.271 7 and 0.417 9, respectively. In addition, the population of F. multiflora germplasm showed a high degree of genetic differentiation, but less gene exchange, with a gene differentiation coefficient(Gst)of 0.753 1 and a gene flow(Nm)of 0.163 9.(2)According to the genetic distance between samples, the Neighbor-Joining method was used to cluster the samples. The results showed that the 327 samples were mainly divided into four categories. The grouping results were consistent with the geographical distribution, and the samples at the same collection point could be clustered into the same category.(3)Population structure analysis showed that the biggest ΔK value was obtained when K=16, indicating that the sample should be divided into 16 groups, at the same time, the lineages composition of most F. multiflora samples were relatively simple, and the samples from the same collection point had similar lineages and could be roughly grouped in the same group.(4)The t-test showed that when population structure classification-proportional sampling and 10% sampling proportion were used to construct the germplasm bank, the retention rate of the four genetic parameters was high. The retention rate of Na, Ne, I and H values were 99.0%, 101.9%, 106.4% and 105.9%, respectively, the sample size was small, and the diversity was not significantly different from the original germplasm bank(P>0.05).(5)The core germplasm bank consisted of 34 samples, including 9 cultivated samples and 25 wild samples, mainly from Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou provinces. The core germplasm bank constructed in this experiment can represent the genetic diversity of the original germplasm bank, and the results can provide reference for the collection of germplasm resources and breeding of new varieties. The method used in the experiment has certain reference significance for the construction of other plant core germplasm banks.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 1, OU Xiaohua¹, DENG Wenjing¹, LUO Keke¹, ZHANG Hongyi^1,2, HE Mengling^1,2, YAN Hanjing^1,2*]]> LI Jiahui¹, OU Xiaohua¹, DENG Wenjing¹, LUO Keke¹, ZHANG Hongyi^1,2, HE Mengling^1,2, YAN Hanjing^1,2* 3true Desmodium styracifolium, in this paper, different concentrations of Sinorhizobium fredii, Rhizobium radiobacter, Azorhizobium caulinodans were used to soak the seeds of Desmodium styracifolium,effects of these three kinds of rhizobium solution on the germination indexes(germination rate, germination potential, germination index and vigor index)of D. styracifolium seeds were investigated withthe seeds soaked in distilled water as control check(CK), and the growth indexes(number of blades, number of branches, plant height)and some physiological indexes(chlorophyll content, nitrogen content)of the seedlings were measured after 40, 60 and 80 d after transplant in greenhouse. The results were as follows:(1)Under the concentration of 1×10⁷ CFU·mL^-1, the maximum germination index could be obtained by soaking three kinds of rhizobium solution, among which the best germination rate, germination potential, germination index and vigor index in Azorhizobium caulinodans group were 16.00%, 9.33%, 9.51 and 41.34% higher than those in the control group.(2)The number of blades, number of branches and plant height of the seedlings treated by the Sinorhizobium fredii group and Rhizobium radiobacter group were lower than those of CK group, except for Azorhizobium caulinodans group.(3)The chlorophyll contents of Rhizobium radiobacter group and Azorhizobium caulinodans group increased by 1.47% and 7.47%, respectively, and the nitrogen contents increased by 0.57% and 5.17%, respectively. To sum up, the germination abilities, chlorophyll and nitrogen contents of the seeds of Desmodium styracifolium can be improved in different degrees by soaking the three rhizobia. Among them, Azorhizobium caulinodans group has the most positive effect, which could effectively improve the germination abilities of seeds and promote plant growth. This study can provide technical guidance for the planting and cultivation of Desmodium styracifolium in different areas, and provide theoretical support for the development of Azorhizobium caulinodans as a plant growth promoting agent.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 *]]> LI Na, MA Zhukeng, HUANG Ruihua, LIU Xiaohan, CHEN Wenzhao, DU Qin^* 2true Callerya speciosa, the dynamic variation rules of sugar accumulation and sucrose-metabolizing enzyme activities in tuberous roots at six different developmental stages(6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 months after transplanting)of C. speciosa were discussed using UV spectrophotometry methods. The results were as follows:(1)The root development can be preliminarily divided into three stages: the initial stage(from 6 to 12 months after transplanting), the rapid thickening stage(from 12 to 24 months after transplanting), and the stable thickening stage(from 24 to 36 months after transplanting). Starch and sugar were the main form of polysaccharides and soluble sugars in tuberous roots, respectively. The content of polysaccharides increased, whereas that of soluble sugars decreased during the tuberous root development. There was significantly negative correlation between polysaccharides and soluble sugars, suggesting that the decomposing of soluble sugars might facilitate to the accumulation of polysaccharides.(2)Several sucrose-metabolizing enzymes, such as sucrose synthase(SUS), sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS), acid invertase(AI)and neutral invertase(NI), played synergistic effects on metabolizing sucrose. SUS played a dual role in both synthesizing and decomposing of sucrose during the tuberous root development of C. speciosa. The activity of SUS(synthesizing)significantly increased along with root growth, peaked at 36 months after transplanting, whereas that of SUS(decomposing)increased from 6 months to 24 months after transplanting but decreased slightly at the stable thickening stage; the total activity of SUS played a role in the decomposing of sucrose and peaked at 12 months after transplanting. The activities of AI and NI increased consistently during the tuberous root development of C. speciosa. Moreover, the activity of AI was much higher than that of NI, indicating that AI might be more important in the decomposing of sucrose. These results provide a theoretical basis for the further study of regulation mechanism of polysaccharides accumulation, and provide technical guidance for the improvement of yield and quality in C. speciosa tuberous roots.]]> 2021/12/13 9:46:05 1,2, HUANG Ding^1,2, TAN Yong^1,2, GU Jinyuan¹, LI Liangbo¹, HUANG Rongshao^1*]]> YAO Shaochang^1,2, HUANG Ding^1,2, TAN Yong^1,2, GU Jinyuan¹, LI Liangbo¹, HUANG Rongshao^1* 1true