Iso&#235;tes hypsophila, Psilotum nudum, Alsophila spinulosa, Aleuritopteris albofusca, Polystichum glaciale and Lepisorus palmatopedatus.(3)Of the fern flora in this mountain, the largest four families are Dryopteridaceae(75 species), Polypodiaceae(56 species), Pteridaceae(54 species), and Athyriaceae(37 species); The largest four genera are Polystichum (45 species), Dryopteris(24 species), Athyrium (24 species), and Lepisorus(19 species).(4)Temperate species are the dominant floristic elements(286 species, 93.77%)in this mountain. With the ascending of the elevation from 1 000 to 3 000 m, the species diversity gradually increases, which reaches the highest at the zone between 2 000-3 000 m where 192 species(belonging to 60 genera in 20 families)were recorded, and above 3 000 m, the species diversity declines, with only four species of ferns found over 4 500 m. When viewing the floristic elements, the Sino-Himalaya species are found to be gradually increased along the ascension of elevations.]]> 2022/3/3 16:55:12 1,2, JIANG Yong³, WANG Yu³, ZHANG Menghua^1,2, ZHANG Xianchun^1*]]> HU Jiayu^1,2, JIANG Yong³, WANG Yu³, ZHANG Menghua^1,2, ZHANG Xianchun^1* 48true Iso&#235;tes hypsophila, Psilotum nudum, Alsophila spinulosa, Aleuritopteris albofusca, Polystichum glaciale and Lepisorus palmatopedatus.(3)Of the fern flora in this mountain, the largest four families are Dryopteridaceae(75 species), Polypodiaceae(56 species), Pteridaceae(54 species), and Athyriaceae(37 species); The largest four genera are Polystichum (45 species), Dryopteris(24 species), Athyrium (24 species), and Lepisorus(19 species).(4)Temperate species are the dominant floristic elements(286 species, 93.77%)in this mountain. With the ascending of the elevation from 1 000 to 3 000 m, the species diversity gradually increases, which reaches the highest at the zone between 2 000-3 000 m where 192 species(belonging to 60 genera in 20 families)were recorded, and above 3 000 m, the species diversity declines, with only four species of ferns found over 4 500 m. When viewing the floristic elements, the Sino-Himalaya species are found to be gradually increased along the ascension of elevations.]]> 2022/3/3 16:55:12 1,2, JIANG Yong³, WANG Yu³, ZHANG Menghua^1,2, ZHANG Xianchun^1*]]> HU Jiayu^1,2, JIANG Yong³, WANG Yu³, ZHANG Menghua^1,2, ZHANG Xianchun^1* 47true Cryptococcus, Alternaria and Fusarium were the dominant fungi in the healthy stem tissue, and the sum of the relative abundances of the three genera were more than 80% of the fungal community.(3)Cryptococcus, Alternaria, Fusarium and unclassified_f_Davidiellaceae were the dominant fungi in the diseased stem tissues.(4)norank_c_Cyanobacteria and Ralstonia were the dominant bacteria in diseased stem tissues. The above results indicate that the mixture of bacterial wilt and black shank disease can significantly change the structures and diversities of fungal and bacterial communities, and can also destroy the stability of microbial community in tobacco stem tissue.]]> 2022/3/3 16:55:12 1*, XIANG Ligang^1,2, ZHENG Ping¹, CAI Liuti¹, YU Zhihe²]]> WANG Hancheng^1*, XIANG Ligang^1,2, ZHENG Ping¹, CAI Liuti¹, YU Zhihe² 46true in situ conservation and conservation vacancy of wild orchids in Guizhou Province, so as to provide a reference for the scientific and reasonable conservation and management of wild orchids in this area. The results were as follows:(1)There are 343 species of wild orchids in Guizhou Province, among which 291 species are distributed in the nature reserve, and the in situ conservation rate is 84.84%.(2)In terms of geographical distribution, Qianxinan(221)> Qiannan(198)> Zunyi(135)> Tongren(110)> Qiandongnan(101)> Guiyang(82)> Liupanshui(79)> Bijie(68)> Anshun(65), the species of orchids in Qianxinan and Qiannan and their nature reserves are much higher than those in other areas.(3)The top 14 reserves with high conservation contribution rate were identified by “cumulative screening method”, and the cumulative conservation contribution rate reached 84.84%. In general, the wild Orchidaceae plants in Guizhou Province have been fully protected, but there are still some species not protected and seriously threatened.]]> 2022/3/3 16:55:12 1,2, LIU Feng^1,2, AN Mingtai^1,2*, YANG Yanbing^1,2]]> YE Chao^1,2, LIU Feng^1,2, AN Mingtai^1,2*, YANG Yanbing^1,2 45true Sinojackia xylocarpa in sample plot of 1 hm² in Laoshan Mountain of Nanjing was taken as the object of study. Using the pairing correlation function g(r) and three null models: complete spatial randomness(CSR), heterogeneous Poisson(HP)and antecedent condition(AC)to analyze the relation between the structure and spatial distribution of the population. The potential mechanism of this pattern formation could be deeply recognized from the view of spatial pattern. The results were as follows:(1)The number of individuals of small DBH class in natural S. xylocarpa population was dominant, and it was a growing population.(2)In the study of point pattern analysis, the S. xylocarpa population showed the aggregate distribution at scale 0-26 m, and uniformly distribution at scale 29-30 m based on the CSR; and the S. xylocarpa population showed the aggregate distribution at scale 0-23 m, and uniformly distribution at scale 27-30 m based on the HP. The spatial distribution pattern of S. xylocarpa showed a trend of changing from aggregate distribution to uniformly distribution.(3)In the study of interspecific correlation, the spatial relationship between S. xylocarpa and Celtis sinensis showed from the negative correlation to the positive correlation. The spatial relationship between Sinojackia xylocarpa and Pistacia chinensis and that between Sinojackia xylocarpa and Acer buergerianum were about the same. There were positive correlations between them on a large scale, and occasionally negative correlation and no correlation. The above results indicate that Sinojackia xylocarpa population is in a good regeneration state. The spatial distribution pattern of S. xylocarpa population is basically aggregate distribution, and is mainly affected by interspecific competition, diffusion restriction and density restriction. Based on population status, carrying out in situ protection and appropriately disturbing the community are a scientific and effective protection measure for the endangered species of S. xylocarpa.]]> 2022/3/3 16:55:12 1, PENG Zhiqi¹, ZHU Hong^1,2, ZHU Shuxia¹, DONG Jingjing¹, ZHAI Feifei³, ZHONG Yuqian³, ZHENG Aichun⁴, WANG Xianrong¹, YI Xiangui^1*]]> DONG Peng¹, PENG Zhiqi¹, ZHU Hong^1,2, ZHU Shuxia¹, DONG Jingjing¹, ZHAI Feifei³, ZHONG Yuqian³, ZHENG Aichun⁴, WANG Xianrong¹, YI Xiangui^1* 44true Tsoongiodendron odorum, Castanopsis hystrix, Magnolia blumei, and Parashorea chinensis)in Liangfengjiang Forest plantation were studied. The results were as follows:(1)Most of the leaves of four plants of the same height had significant differences in functional traits, but only a few leaves had no significant differences in functional traits. Compared with the other three plants, the Castanopsis hystrix has lower leaf fresh weight, leaf thickness, leaf area, leaf dry weight, specific leaf area and leaf water content, but the C. hystrix has higher specific leaf weight, leaf dry matter content and leaf tissue density.(2)There were differences in leaf functional traits of the same tree species at different heights, and the differences in tree species were different. Effects of height on leaf function traits were Magnolia blumei>Parashorea chinensis>Tsoongiodendron odorum>Castanopsis hystrix. As the change of height, nine kinds of leaf tissue functional traits, leaf thickness and leaf tissue density were the most stable performance, leaf area and leaf dry weight change were bigger. Specific leaf area showed a downward trend, specific leaf weight showed an upward trend.(3)With the growth of the tree age, the leaf functional traits of Magnolia blumei changed the most, and the leaf functional traits of Castanopsis hystrix were the most stable. Effects of tree age on leaf functional traits were Magnolia blumei>Parashorea chinensis/Tsoongiodendron odorum>Castanopsis hystrix. Among the nine leaf functional traits, leaf thickness and leaf tissue density were the most affected by tree age, and leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight and leaf area were the least affected. The leaf functional traits of the four tree species varied significantly with tree age, but did not showed obvious regularity.(4)There was no significant correlation between leaf dry matter content and leaf thickness, and there was no significant correlation between leaf water content and leaf thickness, leaf area, leaf dry weight and specific leaf weight, while there was a certain correlation between other functional traits. The above results indicate that plant functional traits have certain correlations among them, and coordinate with each other to adapt to changes in the environment. The results of this study have a certain guiding significance for the plantation of local precious hardwood species.]]> 2022/3/3 16:55:12 1, LUO Yinghua^1*, YU Ying¹, MENG Jian¹, YANG Haiju²]]> LIU Zhaoyang¹, LUO Yinghua^1*, YU Ying¹, MENG Jian¹, YANG Haiju² 43true Bidens frondosa to become invasive, we tested the growth and competitive response of B. frondosa by planting four introduced populations of B. frondosa alone and together with the native congener B. biternata under three nutrient levels. The results were as follows:(1)When grown alone under high nutrient, B. frondosa had significantly higher values for plant height, branch number and total biomass compared with those grown under low nutrient. The reproductive ratios of all the populations under low nutrient were significantly greater than those under high nutrient except for Jiangsu Population. When grown with four populations together, the competitive responses of the growth parameters of each population of B. frondosa under high nutrient were significantly lower than those under low nutrient, indicating that this invasive weed was suppressed less under high nutrient compared with that under low nutrient conditions.(2)Under all nutrient conditions, Guangxi and Jiangxi populations significantly grew higher and had a greater total biomass than Hebei Population. Guangxi Population had the highest number of branches among the four populations when grown at low, medium and high nutrients [(12±0.86),(16.83±0.95)and(21.83±1.14), respectively]. The reproduction ratios of Hebei Population grown under low and high nutrients [(47.33±3.29)% and(25.74±2.82)%, respectively] were significantly greater than those of Guangxi Population when grown under comparable conditions [(30.92±1.78)% and(19.77±1.22)%, respectively]. In addition, the competitive response of total biomass were significantly greater for Hebei Population(-0.51±0.04)than for Guangxi Population(-0.35±0.06)under medium nutrient. The competitive response of reproductive biomass of Hebei Population(-0.46±0.03)was also significantly greater than that of Guangxi Population(-0.28±0.07)under medium nutrient. Our results indicate that nutrient addition can enhance the growth and competitive ability of B. frondosa, there are variations in the growth and competitive response among the introduced populations, and increasing nutrient and gene flow among populations may enhance the potential risks of invasion by B. frondosa, the results will help to predict the invasion risk of alien plants.]]> 2023/1/19 9:54:42 *, LI Xiangqin, PAN Yumei]]> WEI Chunqiang, TANG Saichun^*, LI Xiangqin, PAN Yumei 42true Ageratina adenophora is an invasive plant with great ecological harm. In order to explore the stoichiometric characteristics, nutritional strategy and successful invasion mechanism of A. adenophora with different degrees of mild invasion, moderate invasion and severe invasion, we measured carbon(C), nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P)contents and their stoichiometric characteristics of soils, plant nutritive organs and comparing these with a coexisting native species, Crotalaria linifolia. The results were as follows:(1)The contents of N and P in the leaves of A. adenophora were significantly greater than those in the roots and stems in the three invasive degrees, indicating that N and P elements were more allocated to the leaves to increase resource acquisition and rapid growth.(2)Stem N:P<root N:P<leaf N:P of A. adenophora in the three invasive degrees, and the stem N:P of moderate invasion was significantly higher than that of mild invasion, suggesting that the greatest relative growth could occur in stem during invasion to absorb more resources and increase competitiveness.(3)P contents in stems and roots, C:N in nutritive organs of A. adenophora were significantly higher than that of C. linifolia. C:P, N:P in both stems and roots of A. adenophora were significantly lower than that of C. linifolia, implying that A. adenophora had strong utilization but low requirements of resources.(4)Significant positive correlations were found between stem C and leaf C, and between stem N and leaf N of A. adenophora, while there was a significant negative correlation between stem C:P and root C:P, indicating a trade-off between growth and storage of energy and resource allocation. The study suggests that A. adenophora may increase the allocation and utilization of the aboveground resources during invasion, which is conducive to rapid growth, and at the same time, it has higter utilization but lower requirements of resource demand, which all contribute to increase competitiveness and successful invasion of A. adenophora.]]> 2023/1/19 9:54:42 1 , WANG Juhong², LUO Yating¹, CUI Xianliang^1*, DUAN Fuyuan¹]]> MA Xiao¹ , WANG Juhong², LUO Yating¹, CUI Xianliang^1*, DUAN Fuyuan¹ 41true Cycas panzhihuaensis in Sichuan, based on the first(2020)reexamined data of 1 hm² permanent fixed plot which was established in 2015, community dynamics over the past five years were analyzed by species composition, community diversity, importance value, mortality rate, recruitment rate and diameter at breast height(DBH). The results were as follows:(1)Woody plants in community changed from 15 families, 17 genera, and 17 species in 2015 to 15 families, 18 genera, and 18 species in 2020. There was no significant change for dominant species composition but a significant change for degree of dominance in the past five years. For the six common populations with higher importance values(>1)in 2020, the importance values of five populations increased, and the population of C. panzhihuaensis decreased only, when compared with their importance values in 2015. C. panzhihuaensis was still the most dominant species and constructive species in the plot, but its importance value declined significantly. However, a significant increase of importance values occurred for some arbor species such as Quercus cocciferoides and Terminalia franchetii.(2)The number of woody plants with DBH≥1 had increased to 1 710 until 2020, the average DBH of all woody plant individuals in this community increased from 11.10 cm to 11.17 cm. The average annual mortality was 0.29%, and the average annual recruitment rate was 2.75%, the average DBH of dead and recruited individuals were 11.84 cm and 4.96 cm respectively. Compared with the woody plants living in 2015, individual trees from seven species had died, and those from nine species were recruited over the past five years.(3)The results also indicated that although Osyris quadripartita declined, the populations of nine species increased, and four were stable from 2015 to 2020. The average DBH of Cycas panzhihuaensis and Osyris quadripartita decreased only, but the others increased to different extents. With forest succession, the importance of interspecific competition within community will increase gradually. Dominant position in community will be occupied by arbor tree species such as Quercus cocciferoides and Terminalia franchetii during process of succession in the future, but dominant position of Cycas panzhihuaensis is not threatened in a short term. The main reason of significant decrease of dominance of Cycas panzhihuaensis is plant individual death of larger diameter class. In the future, a transitional-type secondary community from secondary savanna shrub forest to climax which is occupied by arbor tree species gradually will been consisted of Cycas panzhihuaensis, Quercus cocciferoides, Terminalia franchetii and other arbor trees.]]> 2023/1/19 9:54:42 1*, YU Zhixiang², YANG Yongqiong², SHUI Meimei³]]> LONG Cheng^1*, YU Zhixiang², YANG Yongqiong², SHUI Meimei³ 40true Paris polyphylla var. chinensis and the microbial community structure changes of the rhizosphere soil, the Illumina high-throughput sequencing technique was used to sequence the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria and 18S sequences of fungal at four different growth years, including three years, five years, seven years and nine years. The results were as follows:(1)Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi were dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of P. polyphylla in different growth years. The dominant fungi phylas were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota.(2)The bacterium species in the rhizosphere of Paris polyphylla in different growth years were more abundant than fungus species, and the degree of diversification was higher. The bacterial diversity decreased first and increased, and then decreased again with the increase of growth years showed a pattern of “И”, and the lowest point was in the 5th year and the highest point was in the 7th year. The fungal diversity showed a pattern of “Λ” that first increased and then decreased with the increase of growth years, and the highest point was in the 7th year. The abundance of bacterial communities also showed a pattern of “Λ” that first increased and then decreased with the increase of growth years, and the highest point was also in the 7th year. The abundance of fungi did not change much as the year growing.(3)The UPGMA cluster analysis showed that the microbial community structure of the rhizosphere soil evolved significantly. The period that the bacterial community evolved more drastically was in the 7th year after planting, and the fungal community was in the 5th year.(4)Spearman correlation analysis found that total nitrogen and available potassium were the main factors affecting the composition of rhizosphere soil bacteria, and total potassium was the main factor affecting the composition of fungi. All the above results indicate that the composition and structure of the soil microbial community in the rhizosphere of wild P. polyphylla at different growth and development stages, and the 5th to the 7th year is a critical period for significant changes in the diversity of the soil microbial community.]]> 2023/1/19 9:54:42 1, SU Jiang¹, FU Chuanming¹, HE Wen¹, LIU Baojun¹, XIE Dongbin², HUANG Ningzhen¹, HE Jinxiang^1*]]> XIAN Kanghua¹, SU Jiang¹, FU Chuanming¹, HE Wen¹, LIU Baojun¹, XIE Dongbin², HUANG Ningzhen¹, HE Jinxiang^1* 39true Apiotrichum, Geotrichum, Scedosporium and Humicola were the special soil dominant fungi in rhizosphere soil of sensitive mulberry variety to bacterial wilt.(2)Compared to the insensitive mulberry variety, some soil fungal phyla and genera, such as Glomeromycota and Mortierellomycota, Mortierella, Fusarium, Aspergillus and Chaetomium were all lost in rhizosphere soil of sensitive mulberry variety to bacterial wilt. It suggests that higher abundance and diversity of soil fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of insensitive mulberry variety to bacterial wilt were the important reasons for its higher resistance to bacterial wilt.(3)Based on the functional prediction according to the utilization pathways of fungal communities under similar environmental resources, higher abundance of pathotrophic and saprotrophic fungi enriched in rhizosphere soil of bacterial wilt susceptible mulberry varieties; On the contrary, higher abundance of symbiotrophic fungi enriched in rhizosphere soil of bacterial wilt resistant mulberry varieties.(4)Higher abundant soil unique fungi at OTU taxonomic level in rhizosphere of bacterial wilt resistant mulberry variety maybe can be considered as the important reason for its higher bacterial wilt resistant ability. The results suggest that Mortierella, Fusarium, Aspergillus and Chaetomium can be considered as the candidate antagonistic fungi for bio-controlling bacterial wilt in the rhizosphere soil of insensitve mulberry varieties to bacterial wilt.]]> 2023/1/19 9:54:42 *]]> XIAO Jian, HUANG Xiaodan, YANG Shangdong, QU Dacai^* 38true Sauropus racemosus Beille. It differs from other species of Sauropus in having glabrous young branches, glabrous leaves, racemoses 3 to 5 clustered on the lower part of the old stem branchlets. In this paper, a detailed description, color photographs and geographical distribution of S. racemosus are given. In addition, we consider S. racemosus as ‘Endangered'(EN)based on the IUCN categories and criteria. The discovery of S. racemosus enriched the diversity of plant species in the Sino-Vietnanese border area. It reflects that the Sino-Vietnanese border area are biodiversity hotspots in the world and key areas for biodiversity conservation. It also shows that the plant investigation in this area is not enough, and further investigation and research are needed.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:41 1, WU Wanghui², HUANG Yusong³, WU Jianfeng⁴, HUANG Yunfeng^1*]]> HU Renchuan¹, WU Wanghui², HUANG Yusong³, WU Jianfeng⁴, HUANG Yunfeng^1* 37true Aglaonema commutatum ‘Big apple', its hydroponic seedlings were used as the test material in this study, six light qualities(white light, R:B = 1:1, R:B = 1:2, R:B = 2:1, R:B = 1:3, R:B = 3:1, in which R and B represent red light and blue light, respectively)and two photoperiods(8 h·d^-1, 12 h·d^-1)were cross cultured to determine the growth amount, biomass, soil and plant analyzer development(SPAD)value, anthocyanin content and leaf color parameters(hue value a^*, hue value b^*, luminosity L^* and hue angle h^*), and to investigate its response to red and blue light qualities and photoperiodic interactions. The results were as follows:(1)The dry weight and fresh weight of A. commutatum seedlings treated with LP11(R:B=1:3×12 h·d^-1)were the highest, which was most conducive to plant growth and biomass accumulation; followed by LP5(R:B=1:3×8 h·d^-1)treatment.(2)Under the same light quality condition, the SPAD value of 8 h·d^-1 photoperiod was higher than that of 12 h·d^-1 photoperiod, the anthocyanin content of 12 h·d^-1 photoperiod was higher than that of 8 h·d^-1 photoperiod, the SPAD value of LP11 treatment was the lowest and the anthocyanin content was the highest. The leaf color parameters a^* and b^* of A. commutatum cultured in 12 h·d^-1 photoperiod were higher than those in 8 h·d^-1 photoperiod, and the value of h^* was lower than that in 8 h·d^-1 photoperiod.(3)The principal component analysis showed that the LP11 treatment was the most effective in promoting the growth and leaf color improvement of A. commutatum. In conclusion, 12 h·d^-1 photoperiod is more conducive to the growth and leaf color change of A. commutatum, and LP11 treatment is the best combination of light quality and photoperiod.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:41 1, ZHANG Guanghui¹, LI Yuefeng², LIANG Xiangpeng¹, YIN Juan^1*]]> LI Wenyang¹, ZHANG Guanghui¹, LI Yuefeng², LIANG Xiangpeng¹, YIN Juan^1* 36true Phyllostachys edulis expansion from the perspective of ecological stoichiometry homeostasis, this study used the method of space-time substitution, a typical P. edulis evergreen broad-leaved forest interface including P. edulis forest, P. edulis broad-leaved mixed forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest was selected in Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province. The N and P contents of soil and leaves of P. edulis, broad-leaved trees, shrubs and herbaceous layer plants in each forest were compared and analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)From bamboo forest to evergreen broad-leaved forest, the soil N content and N:P increased, while soil P content decreased; the leaf P contents of tree species(Machilus thunbergii, Alniphyllum fortunei and Daphniphyllum macropodum)decreased and the N:P increased. Unlike the trees, the leaf N and P stoichiometric characteristics of plants both in shrub and herbaceous layers showed no significant change, except the shrub tree Lindera erythrocarpa.(2)The soil N:P was positively correlated with the leaf N:P of trees, negatively correlated with that of shrubs and had no correlation with that of herbaceous plants, respectively.(3)The leaf N and P contents and N:P for P. edulis remained stable. In conclusion, P. edulis expansion changes plant leaf N and P stoichiometric characteristics by altering the soil N and P stoichiometric characteristics. Shrubs and herbaceous plants are less affected, however, it causes the imbalance of plant N and P stoichiometric characteristics of tree layer plants, which may be an important reason for the survival of tree species in evergreen broad-leaved forest.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:41 1,2, OUYANG Ming³, SONG Shuwang^1,2, ZENG Xiaoxia^1,2, SONG Qingni^1,2, LIU Jun^1,2, FANG Xiong⁴, LUAN Fenggang^1,2, YANG Qingpei^1,2*]]> WANG Lin^1,2, OUYANG Ming³, SONG Shuwang^1,2, ZENG Xiaoxia^1,2, SONG Qingni^1,2, LIU Jun^1,2, FANG Xiong⁴, LUAN Fenggang^1,2, YANG Qingpei^1,2* 35true Viburnum plants in Southwest Hubei, and reveal the survival status and development trend of the following five Viburnum species: V. erosum, V. betulifolium, V. sympodiale, V. setigerum and V. dilatatum. A total of 27 hm² dynamic monitoring stands were set up in Jinzi Mountains National Forest Farm, Mulinzi National Nature Reserve and Qizimei Mountains National Nature Reserve in Southwest Hubei. The age structure, dynamic quantitative analysis and static life table of five Viburnum species were used to explore the population structure, dynamic characteristics and future development potential of Viburnum plants. The results were as follows:(1)The distribution area and population size of Viburnum plants in Southwest Hubei were significantly different.(2)The age structure of the five Viburnum species displayed as the pyramidal type summarized from population structure and dynamic analysis. The number of individuals of each population was large at the young stage(89.48% of V. erosum in Jinzi Mountains, 76.38% of V. betulifolium, 67.24% of V. erosum in Mulinzi, 62.11% of V. dilatatum, 56.53% of V. sympodiale, 58.44% of V. setigerum), and only a small proportion of individuals(0.18% of V. erosum in Jinzi Mountains, 0.85% of V. betulifolium, 3.29% of V. erosum in Mulinzi, 3.97% of V. dilatatum, 8.37% of V. sympodiale, 2.79% of V. setigerum)at the old stage. The young stage plants of five Viburnum species all had strong growth potentials but were sensitive to external disturbances.(3)The survival quantity of the five Viburnum species was decreasing monotonically with increasing age class presented by static life tables. Except for V. setigerum, the life expectancy reached peak at the young age, all the other Viburnum species populations reached the peak at the middle age. The change trend of mortality rate and vanish rate were similar, but the fluctuation of vanish rate and mortality rate curves were different among different species. The survival curves were tended to be Deevey-Ⅱ type.(4)The four survival function curves showed that all five Viburnum species populations exhibited a substantial decrease at the early stage, stabilization at the middle stage, and decline at the late stage. To sum up, plant resources of Viburnum species are abundant in Southwest Hubei. Therefore, it is scientific and feasible to exploit Viburnum plants rationally. At the young stage, artificial thinning can be carried out appropriately to improve the preserving rate. During the stable middle stage, the dominant species which have good ornamental characters can be selected for appropriate development and utilization. However, some species need to be protected to maintain biodiversity in this area.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:41 1, LI Chunhui^2*, AI Xunru¹, XUE Weixing¹, XU Laixian¹, XIANG Qin¹, ZHOU Yun¹]]> ZHAO Huandun¹, LI Chunhui^2*, AI Xunru¹, XUE Weixing¹, XU Laixian¹, XIANG Qin¹, ZHOU Yun¹ 34true Pinus massoniana)forests remains unclear. Jointly analysis of how phylogenetic and species β diversity varies with habitat factors and geographic distance is critical to understand the roles played by historical and current ecological processes in shaping the regional biodiversity. In this study, 37 Masson pine forest plots in Suichang County, Zhejiang Province were selected to analyze the species and phylogenetic β diversities, and the main ecological mechanisms driving the differences of species composition among communities were explored. Species β diversity index(Bray-Curtis)and phylogenetic β diversity index(the mean phylogenetic dissimilarity, Dnn; the mean nearest taxon distance, Dpw)were calculated, and their correlation with habitat factors including soil and topography, as well as geographical distance were analyzed. The relative importance of habitat factors and geographical distance on species and phylogenetic β diversity was analyzed by variance partitioning. In addition, two life stages(divided by diameter class)and growth form were for the same analyses. The results were as follows:(1)Bray-Curtis index significantly correlated with soil factors, topographic factors and geographical distance. Dnn correlated with geographical distance only. Dpw correlated with soil factors and geographical distance.(2)The explanatory degree of habitat factors to Bray-Curtis and Dpw was higher than that of geographical distance.(3)For species diversity, habitat factors could better explain Bray-Curtis of both life stages than geographical distance. For phylogenetic diversity, geographical distance could better explain Dnn and Dpw of seedling stage, while habitat factors were more likely to explain Dpw of adult stage. To conclude, The results show that habitat filtering is the main ecological mechanism driving species and phylogenetic β diversity of Masson pine forests in this region. Dispersal limitation plays a dominant role in the β diversity of Masson pine forests only at the sapling stage. The most important finding of this research is that the main mechanism drives species and phylogenetic β diversity in Masson pine forests is different, which highlights the necessity of joint analysis of species and phylogenetic β diversity. This research also suggests that the main ecological mechanism drives β diversity may change as plants shift across different growth stages.]]> 2023/7/30 11:54:58 1, ZHONG Yuping², GONG Xiaofei³, ZHONG Lei^2,4, WEI Boliang², WU Chuping⁵, LIU Jinliang⁶, JIANG Bo⁵, YU Shuisheng^3*, YU Mingjian²]]> LI Dabiao¹, ZHONG Yuping², GONG Xiaofei³, ZHONG Lei^2,4, WEI Boliang², WU Chuping⁵, LIU Jinliang⁶, JIANG Bo⁵, YU Shuisheng^3*, YU Mingjian² 33true Herpothallon in China and further identify its distribution characteristics and species composition, one hundred and twenty-eight specimens of the lichen genus Herpothallon were collected from many provinces of tropical and subtropical regions of China as part of our field investigations. Identification was carried out using morphological, anatomical and chemical methods. The examined specimens are deposited in the Lichen Section of the Botanical Herbarium, Shandong Normal University(SDNU)and the Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China(KUN). A total of 12 species of Herpothallon are reported, of which H. australasicum (Elix)Elix & G. Thor, H. granulosum Jagadeesh Ram & G. P. Sinha, H. himalayanum Jagadeesh & G. P. Sinha, H. isidiatum Jagadeesh Ram & G. P. Sinha and H. minutum Jagadeesh are new records for China. Hitherto known species of Herpothallon in China were comprehensively analyzed. The results are as follows:(1)There are two additional species of Herpothallon found in China making a total of 14 and accounting for 29.17% of the known Herpothallon species worldwide.(2)These species belong to five types of geographical elements: Pantropical distribution, Tropical Asia to Tropical Australia distribution, Topical Asia and tropical America disjunctive distribution, Tropical Asia distribution, and Endemic to China.( 3)Herpothallon species in China grows mainly in the altitude ranging 300 m to 2 500 m.(4)Most of these species are mainly corticolous with a few being foliicolous, saxicolous and muscicolous in China. The results of initial filed work indicate that this group is distributed sporadically in some mountainous forests in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, and indicate that a higher biodiversity of Herpothallon in South China, changes in substrate and altitude also have important effects on the distribution of Herpothallon in China, which are important for the understanding of the genus composition and the protection of lichen diversity of Herpothallon in China. We plan to carry out further surveys and studies on this genus to provide more detailed and reliable data that can make species definition more objective and establish a more reliable classification.]]> 2023/7/30 11:54:58 *]]> LIU Linlin, ZUO Qijia, ZHANG Lulu^* 32true Phoebe zhennan in Guizhou Province and its response mode to environmental factors. Based on the geographical distribution points of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province, this study used MaxEnt and ArcGIS methods combining with 30 environmental factors such as climate, soil and topography to predict the potential habitat of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province and analyze the main environmental factors affecting the growth of P. zhennan. The results were as follows:(1)The AUC of MaxEnt model had an average value of 0.843, which indicated that it could well predict the geographical distribution of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province. The northeast of Guizhou Province was the key area of it's potential habitat, with a decreasing trend from north to south and from east to west. The high suitable areas were mainly located in Tongren City, northeastern Guizhou Province and mid-eastern Zunyi City, northern Guizhou Province. The middle suitable and low suitable areas were concentrated in northern Tongren City, north-central Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture in southeastern Guizhou Province, Guiyang, northeastern Bijie City and northeastern Buyi and Miao autonomous prefecture in southern Guizhou Province. Other areas were not suitable for P. zhennan to grow.(2)The potential distribution area of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province was 80 013.47 km², which accounted for 45.4% of the whole province's land area. The high suitable area covered 30 565.66 km², and the share of high suitable area was 17.4%.(3)Environmental factors including isothermality(Bio3), precipitation of the warmest quarte(Bio18), precipitation of the wettest month(Bio13), precipitation of the driest month(Bio14), min temperature of the coldest month(Bio6)and temperature seasonality(Bio4)were the main environmental factors affecting the potential distribution of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province. In conclusion, the results elucidate that the geographical distribution of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province and the main environmental factors affecting its distribution are of great significance. The results of this study will provide a scientific basis for seedling expansion, afforestation promotion, development and utilization of P. zhennan in Guizhou Province.]]> 2023/6/10 0:00:00 1,2, AN Mingtai^2*, LIU Feng², ZHANG Yang³, TIAN Li², CHEN Cuiyu¹]]> YANG Shanyun^1,2, AN Mingtai^2*, LIU Feng², ZHANG Yang³, TIAN Li², CHEN Cuiyu¹ 31true Pleioblastus amarus, a bamboo species with wide distribution, can be utilized for its high quality shoot and timber. In order to explore the change characteristics of the culm form and the biomass distribution pattern of aboveground components in the interface area of P. amarus and to understand how the bamboo species adapt to heterogeneous habitats, pure stand of P. amarus, Cunninghamia lanceolata and mixed forest with P. amarus and C. lanceolata were selected to investigate culm form, culm, branch and leaf biomass of 1-2 year-old P. amarus in the central and boundary zone of the pure forest and mixed forests, and the differences culm shape and aboveground module biomass accumulation, allocation and allometric grouth relationship were analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)The differences of biomass accumulation and allocation of one-year old P. amarus in the interface area increased. Furthermore, the relative biomass of module and leaf biomass allocation under the interface area of P. amarus forest increased, while the relative biomass of module and leaf biomass allocation under the mixed forest interface decreased. However, the differences of biomass accumulation and allocation of two-year old bamboos decreased, and there was no significant difference on relative biomass of module and biomass allocation of two-year old bamboos on the two sides of the interface area.(2)Culm shape characteristics and the allometric growth relationship of module biomass of the one-year old bamboo changed slightly, while allometric growth rate of culm biomass of two-year old bamboo in the interface area of P. amarus stand increased, and those of the branches and leaves decreased. All the above results indicate that the culm shape and biomass allocation pattern of P. amarus obviously change under the interface area by balancing the relationship of resource allocation to enhance suitability and fitness to heterogeneous environment.]]> 2023/6/10 9:42:09 1, XU Sen^2*, CHENG Jianxin¹, CHEN Shuanglin², YING Yishan¹, GUO Ziwu², WANG Zhonghua¹, YANG Liting², HU Ruicai¹]]> LAN Chunbao¹, XU Sen^2*, CHENG Jianxin¹, CHEN Shuanglin², YING Yishan¹, GUO Ziwu², WANG Zhonghua¹, YANG Liting², HU Ruicai¹ 30true Kadsura coccinea, the endophytic fungal communities from roots, stems, leaves, and rhizosphere soils of mature K. coccinea were analyzed based on ITS high-throughput sequencing technology. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 2 241 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were obtained from 12 samples at 97% of sequence homology level. The OTUs of endophytic(root, stem and leaf)and rhizosphere soil fungi were 386, 536, 258 and 1 435, respectively, of which 18 OTUs were in common. They belonged to 10 phyla, 41 classes, 95 orders, 212 families and 367 genera. The dominant fungal communities at the phylum level in the endophytic and rhizosphere soil of K. coccinea were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Among them, Ascomycota accounted for 96.99% and 95.37% of the endophytic fungal community in leaves and stems, respectively. At the genus level, the saprophytic fungi Mortierella accounted for a relatively high proportion(13.5%)in the rhizosphere soil. In contrast, pathogenic fungi such as Ascomycota_unclassified and Elsinoe were mainly found in vigorously growing tissues(leaves and stems).(2)Alpha diversity analysis showed that the richness and diversity of the fungal community in the rhizosphere soil of K. coccinea were significantly higher than those in endophytic fungi. Although the abundance of endophytic fungi in stems was significantly higher than that in roots and leaves, the differences in endophytic fungal diversity among roots, stems and leaves were not significant. The principal component analysis(PCoA)revealed that the fungal community structures of leaves and stems were more similar, and those of roots and rhizosphere soils were more similar.(3)The function of fungal communities in different tissues and rhizosphere soils of K. coccinea was predicted and analyzed by using FUNGuild platform. The results showed that the rhizosphere soil fungi and endophytic fungi contained a large number of unclassified fungi. Among the functionally classified fungi, the pathotroph functional group had a higher proportion in the vigorously growing tissues. This study provides a theoretical basis for the screening and exploring of active functional fungi in K. coccinea.]]> 2023/6/10 9:42:09 1, MA Nan², JIN Jifen³, PENG Zhijun¹, LI Xingzhong¹, WANG Dekai^2*]]> LIU Tao¹, MA Nan², JIN Jifen³, PENG Zhijun¹, LI Xingzhong¹, WANG Dekai^2* 29true Eucalyptus plantations in North Guangxi, and provide theoretical references for the rational application of biochar to Eucalyptus plantations. Based on field experiments, biochar was prepared anaerobically at 500 ℃ from branches of Eucalyptus plantation harvesting residues, and with six treatment groups, such as 0(CK), 0.5%(T1), 1%(T2), 2%(T3), 4%(T4), and 6%(T5), to analyze the changes in soil enzyme activities under different application rates after one year importation. The results were as follows:(1)The soil enzyme content decreased gradually as the soil layer deepened.(2)In the same soil layer, the contents of urease, catalase, β-glucosidase and dehydrogenase increased with the increase of biochar application, and the highest contents were found at 6% of biochar application.(3)With the increase of biochar application, the contents of acid phosphatase, sucrase, leucine aminopeptidase and cellobioglucosidase showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Acid phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase had the highest contents at 2% of biochar application. Sucrase and cellobioglucosidase had the highest contents at 4% of biochar application. In general, the biochar application increased the soil enzyme activities of Eucalyptus plantations. The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for the application of forestry waste biochar in Eucalyptus plantations.]]> 2023/6/10 9:42:09 1,5, DUAN Chunyan², LI Yanyu³, ZHANG Denan⁴, SUN Yingjie⁴, TENG Qiumei⁴, CHEN Yunshuang^1,5, CAO Yang^1,5, WANG Zihui⁶, XU Guangping^4,5*]]> MOU Zhiyi^1,5, DUAN Chunyan², LI Yanyu³, ZHANG Denan⁴, SUN Yingjie⁴, TENG Qiumei⁴, CHEN Yunshuang^1,5, CAO Yang^1,5, WANG Zihui⁶, XU Guangping^4,5* 28true λ = 0.935, P< 0.001).(2)The temperate distribution pattern genera comprised a higher ratio of deciduous broad-leaved plants and trees than the tropical distribution pattern genera, and there were more evergreen broad-leaved plants and shrub in tropical distribution pattern.(3)The plants of temperate distribution pattern genera exist in environments with high light, low temperature and water compared with the plants of tropical distribution pattern genera, regardless of the effects of leaf habit and growth form were controlled or not.(4)For all the plants, or for each leaf habit or growth form group separately, the ratio of species richness of the temperate distribution pattern genera to the tropical distribution pattern genera in the forest was controlled by mean annual temperature(MAT). The findings imply that the plants of temperate and tropical distribution pattern genera differe in both their life history traits as well as their ecological behaviors, and the geographical turnover of plants of these two distribution patterns in the Chinese subtropical broad-leaved forests is largely controlled by MAT.]]> 2023/6/10 9:42:09 1, MAO Yanjiao^1,2, ZHENG Jie^1,2, CHE Jian^1,2, ZHANG Chao^1,2, JIN Yi^1,2*]]> JIANG Ya¹, MAO Yanjiao^1,2, ZHENG Jie^1,2, CHE Jian^1,2, ZHANG Chao^1,2, JIN Yi^1,2* 27true G_c)on water and heat fluxes at different growth stages. In addition, we used path analysis to study the influence path of environmental factors on latent heat flux(LE). In this paper, the water and heat fluxes were measured by eddy-covariance in 2017. The results were as follows:(1)LE showed multiple peaks, while the other fluxes were basically unimodal shapes at the daily scale. On the whole, the values of daily net radiation(R_n)were maximum, followed by LE, sensible heat flux(H)and soil heat flux(G)at each growth stage. The variation of diurnal G showed obvious lagged effect compared to that of R_n.(2)LE and H accounted for 86% and 14%(respectively)of daytime energy during the whole growing stages, indicating that LE was the main energy consumption item. The contribution of arid advection to daytime LE ranged from 5% to 59% with an average value of 28% at whole growing season. The influence of G_c on LE was stronger at the new shoot and leaf-fall stages than that in the middle growing season.(3)LE was mainly affected by R_n, followed by vapor pressure deficit(VPD)and air temperature(T_a), and the influence degrees of VPD and T_a on LE were similar. Furthermore, the path analysis showed that R_n directly affected LE; VPD and T_a mainly affected LE indirectly through R_n. As a whole, the water and heat fluxes in vineyards of arid desert oasis in Northwest China display significant diurnal and seasonal variations, and the influences of environmental factors on these exists great discrepancies in magnitude and path.]]> 2023/6/10 9:42:09 *]]> ZHU Yongtai, CHEN Huiling, XU Cong, QIN Wenhua, ZHANG Yang, HE Liyang, ZHU Gaofeng^* 26true P<0.05).(4)The floristic composition was dominated by tropical elements and mainly distributed in tropical Asia(India-Malaysia). The proportion of tropical distribution was significantly negatively correlated with altitude(P<0.01), and the proportion of temperate distribution was significantly positively correlated with altitude(P<0.01).(5)The leaf characteristics showed the obvious indigenous characteristics in tropical regions mainly with mesophyll leaves, single leaves, leathery leaves and entire leaves. The proportion of microphyll leaves and single leaves was significantly positively correlated with altitude(P<0.01), while the proportion of leathery leaves and non-entire leaves was not significantly correlated with altitude(P>0.05). To sum up, the hydrothermal conditions and human disturbance degree of low altitude community in Diaoluo Mountain are quite different from those of high altitude community, which leads to the difference of species distribution and community characteristics, and reflects the characteristics of tropical plants adapting to their habitat conditions.]]> 2023/6/10 9:42:09 1, LIANG Yiwen², YANG Xiaobo^1*, LI Donghai¹]]> LI Chendi¹, LIANG Yiwen², YANG Xiaobo^1*, LI Donghai¹ 25true Stipa bungeana community, Leymus secalinus community, Medicago sativa community, Caragana korshinskii community, and Armeniaca sibirica community in three restoration types(natural grass, natural restoration, manual restoration). The vertical variation characteristics of soil organic carbon(SOC), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), total potassium(TK)contents. Their ecological stoichiometry was analyzed utilizing variance analysis and linear regression, and the coupling relationship among each index was discussed. The results were as follows:(1)Soil SOC, TN, TP contents were affected by different communities, and soil depth affected soil SOC, TN, TP and TK contents, but only TN content was affected by their interaction. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, soil SOC and TN contents in Caragana korshinskii shrub were significantly higher than those in other communities(P<0.05).(2)In the vertical soil profile, except for C:N, the soil stoichiometric ratios decreased gradually with soil depth deepening. In the soil layers of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, except for the soil C:N which was the highest in Leymus secalinus community(P<0.05), the soil C:P, N:P and N:K were all the highest in Caragana korshinskii community; In the 40-60 cm soil layer, the soil C:K of the Armeniaca sibirica community was significantly lower than other communities(P<0.05).(3)Soil SOC, TN, TP and TK contents were positively correlated under different communities. Among them, SOC and TN contents, TN and TP contents, SOC and TP contents, TN and TK contents reached significant levels in the five communities(P<0.05). In different communities, there was a significant positive correlation between soil C:P and C:K, C:K and N:K, N:P and N:K(P<0.05), while there was a negative correlation between C:N and N:P, C:N and N:K, P:K and C:P, P:K and N:P. To sum up, soil SOC, TN, TP and TK contents in different communities gradually decrease with the soil depth deepening. The comprehensive ecological stoichiometry characteristics of the Caragana korshinskii community are more substantial, more conducive to improving the local soil quality.]]> 2023/6/10 9:42:09 1, WEN Chen¹, WEI Wei², ZHANG Qindi^1*]]> WU Dan¹, WEN Chen¹, WEI Wei², ZHANG Qindi^1* 24true Quercus species(Fagaceae), is an unique vegetation type in Yunnan. The forest is similar to sclerophyllous oak forests in the modern Mediterranean regions on physiognomy. It differs obviously from the other subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests in Yunnan by its particular physiognomy, structure, characteristic tree species and geographical distribution, and is named as “sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forest” in the vegetation classification of Yunnan. The sclerophyllous forest is a special vegetation type developed to adapt to the new environment during uplift of the Himalayas. The dominant tree species of the forest show Mediterranean floristic affinity, but they presently distribute mostly in southwestern China. Except Quercus species, its floristic composition is the same as other neighbor vegetations. The community structure of sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forest is simple. The typical forest community has a profile of tree-shrub-herb layers as common forests, but hemicryptophyte plants absolutely dominate in the communities on cold temperate mountains, and herbaceous plants dominate in the communities at hot dry valleys in its life form. The sclerophyllous oak species fossils recorded in moist tropical-subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forests in Tethys region before Miocene. Until Pliocene epoch, the modern Mediterranean climate formed and drought-resistant Mediterranean flora arose, while the sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forest evolved from the former tropical-subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forests with the Himalayas uplift.]]> 2023/3/26 12:05:35 *]]> ZHU Hua^* 23true Phyllostachys edulis)forest, Pinus massoniana forest, orchard and rice paddy field] with calcareous soils and acid soils in the Lijiang River Basin. The results were as follows:(1)The soils at high altitude had greater total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), available phosphorus(AP)contents as well as amylase, sucrose, urease and protease activities, whereas the catalase activity was to the contrary.(2)Compared with the acid soils, the calcareous soils had higher contents of total phosphorus(TP)and available phosphorus(AP). Among the acid soils, vegetation types had greater impact on soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents. In general, anthropogenic vegetation resulted in decrease of nitrogen content and increases of phosphorus content; while the nutrients in the calcareous soils had relatively little variation among different vegetation types.(3)Compared with the natural forest soils, soils from the anthropogenic vegetation had lower nitrogen related enzyme activities; whereas the carbon related enzyme activities was less impacted. The enzymatic stoichiometry revealed that soils of natural forests were nitrogen limited whereas those of anthropogenic vegetation was carbon limited.(4)The results of canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)showed that soil physiochemical properties in the first and second axes explained 86.56% of the variation of soil enzyme activities with the contribution order of TN>pH>NH₄⁺>AP>TP>NO₃^-, with the first three as the main impacts. All the above results indicate that acid soils in the Lijiang River Basin have great ecological sensitivities; vegetation changes easily result in nutrient imbalance, therefore, in order to improve the sustainable utility of landscape resources of the Lijiang River Basin, special attention should be paid to the conservation of soil nutrients and prevention of the loss of soil organic matter. This study provides theoretical base for the scientific conservation and development of local ecosystem.]]> 2023/3/26 12:05:35 1,2, WANG Ruru², SUN Jiahao², HUANG Ling², YANG Sixian², PU Jilong², HUANG Huimin^1,3*, ZHU Jing^1,2]]> CHEN Rongshu^1,2, WANG Ruru², SUN Jiahao², HUANG Ling², YANG Sixian², PU Jilong², HUANG Huimin^1,3*, ZHU Jing^1,2 22true -1, and the annual average NPP was 326.75 g C·m^-2·a^-1; the average NPP of coniferous forests, broad-leaved forest, shrub, grassland and farmland were 313.59, 385.28, 353.03, 320.12, 295.22 g C·m^-2·a^-1.(2)In terms of spatial distribution, the high-value areas of vegetation NPP were mainly located in the northwest mountains, and the low-value areas were mainly located in the southeast plain; the overall situation of vegetation NPP was relatively stable, with an average coefficient of variation of 0.17; the future trend of NPP was anti-continuity and might decrease.(3)The correlation analysis showed that vegetation NPP was negatively correlated with temperature, and positively correlated with precipitation that was the main climate factor; NPP showed an “increase-decrease” trend with elevation and slope increasing; the conversion of farmland to grassland resulted in the largest increment of NPP at 732.22×10^-3 Tg C.(4)From 2000 to 2020, the average influence value of different drivers was 0.2, and the order was precipitation > elevation > slope > humidity > temperature > sunshine duration > land use > wind speed. Overall, the results indicated that vegetation NPP in the Haihe River Basin was improving during the study period; productivity varied among different vegetation types, with the strongest being broad-leaved forest and shrubland; the dominant factors affecting the spatial distribution of vegetation NPP were precipitation, elevation and slope, and the influence of human factors was lower than that of natural factors. The results of this study provide some scientific reference and decision basis for the treatment of ecological environment such as soil erosion and vegetation degradation in the Haihe River Basin.]]> 2023/3/26 12:05:35 1, ZHANG Anbing^1,2, WANG Hefeng^1,2*, MA Pengfei¹]]> XIN Huichao¹, ZHANG Anbing^1,2, WANG Hefeng^1,2*, MA Pengfei¹ 21true P<0.05).(3)Four nature reserves were dominated by tropical elements, but at the level of genera, Wuzhishan was dominated by tropical Asia, while others were dominated by pantropical distribution; at the level of species, distribution of tropical Asia was the most in the four nature reserves. In conclusion, from the central mountainous area to the eastern coastal plains, the more secondary, the lower the altitude, the fewer the habitat types, and the fewer the number of plant species; at the same time, at the level of genera and species, the tropical elements are increased, while temperate, endemic and relict elements are decreased.]]> 2023/3/26 12:05:35 *, LI Donghai, TIAN Lujia, ZHANG Peichun, LI Long, LIANG Caiqun, LI Chendi]]> CHEN Lin, YANG Xiaobo^*, LI Donghai, TIAN Lujia, ZHANG Peichun, LI Long, LIANG Caiqun, LI Chendi 20true Machilus cicatricosa S. Lee, Portulaca quadrifida L., Pisonia aculeata L., Helicia yangchunensis H. S. Kiu, Rhynchosia minima (L.)DC., Jasminum rehderianum Kobuski, Ehretia asperula Zoll. et Mor., Zeuxine ovalifolia L. Li & S. J. Li and Cyperus javanicus Houtt. Detailed morphological description and field photos are provided, and the citation and geographical distribution of each species are also listed in this paper.]]> 2023/3/26 12:05:35 1, LIANG Yongyan², JIANG Rihong¹, PAN Lianghao^3*]]> LIN Jianyong¹, LIANG Yongyan², JIANG Rihong¹, PAN Lianghao^3* 19true 2024/9/4 11:42:31 1,2, PANG Zhe^1,2*, LI Congjia³, ZHANG Zelin³]]> WU Yuhu^1,2, PANG Zhe^1,2*, LI Congjia³, ZHANG Zelin³ 18true 2024/9/4 11:42:31 1,2,3, WANG Bo^1,2,3, ZHAO Shuo^1,2,3, ZHANG Famei^1,2,3, ZHOU Guoying^{1,2 *}]]> LI Jianan^1,2,3, WANG Bo^1,2,3, ZHAO Shuo^1,2,3, ZHANG Famei^1,2,3, ZHOU Guoying^{1,2 *} 17true Cunninghamia lanceolata)is mainly distributed in subtropical areas of China, and its soil acidification and phosphorus utilization efficiency are low. It is of great significance to study the effects of Chinese fir plantation transformation on soil P for the stability of ecosystem and sustainable forest management. In this study, the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were collected from the replanted Chinese fir plantation, Castanopsis hystrix plantation, Mytilaria laosensis plantation and the mixed plantation of Castanopsis hystrix and Mytilaria laosensis on the cutting-blank of Chinese fir plantation in South Asia, and the effects of soil P component and transformation on the transformation of Chinese fir plantation into broad-leaved forest were studied. The results were as follows:(1)The content of microbial biomass phosphorus and the activity of acid phosphatase in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of the modified Castanopsis hystrix plantation, Mytilaria laosensis plantation and the mixed plantation of Castanopsis hystrix and Mytilaria laosensis were significantly higher than those of Chinese fir plantation. The contents soil total phosphorus of Castanopsis hystrix plantation and the mixed plantation of C. hystrix and Mytilaria laosensis were more easily converted to quick available phosphorus than those of Chinese fir plantation and M. laosensis plantation.(2)The contents of calcium chloride extraction phosphorus in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Castanopsis hystrix plantation and the mixed plantation of C. hystrix and Mytilaria laosensis were significantly higher than those of Chinese fir plantation and M. laosensis plantation, and the contents of enzyme extraction phosphorus, hydrochloric acid extraction phosphorus and citric acid extraction phosphorus in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of M. laosensis plantation and Castanopsis hystrix/Mytilaria laosensis mixed plantation were significantly higher than those of Chinese fir plantation and Castanopsis hystrix plantation.(3)RDA results showed that soil water content and microbial biomass carbon were the key factors regulating P components in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, respectively. In summary, the transformation of Chinese fir plantation into broad-leaved forest is conducive to the storage and supply of forest soil P, and this study provides an important scientific reference for tree species selection and management strategies to improve soil P availability in south subtropical plantations.]]> 2024/9/4 11:42:31 1, LI Jiajun¹, HUANG Haimei¹, LI Changhang¹, XIAO Na³, YOU Yeming^1,2, ZHAO Lijun¹, HUANG Xueman^1,2*]]> XIANG Mingzhu¹, LI Jiajun¹, HUANG Haimei¹, LI Changhang¹, XIAO Na³, YOU Yeming^1,2, ZHAO Lijun¹, HUANG Xueman^1,2* 16true P > 0.05)during the mowing experiment. Plant C, N and P contents tended increase and then decrease with increasing mowing years, i.e., these indices were the highest after 1 a of mowing(P < 0.05).(2)At the plant community and functional group levels, there was no significant difference in plant C:N ratio and C:P ratio among degradation levels(P>0.05). From LD to SD, the N:P ratio of the plant community, Cyperaceae and forbs tended to decrease slightly first and then increased(P < 0.05), while the N:P ratio of Gramineae did not change significantly(P > 0.05).(3)The N:P ratio and C:P ratio showed a parabolic trend, while the C:N ratio showed an inverse trend with the increasing of mowing duration. Before mowing(i.e., mowing 0 a), the C:P ratio and N:P ratio of Cyperaceae were higher than those of forbs(P<0.05)but did not vary from those of the plant community and Gramineae(P > 0.05). After mowing(i.e., mowing 1 a or 2 a), the C:P ratio and N:P ratio of Cyperaceae were higher than those of the whole plant community, Gramineae, and forbs(P < 0.05). At each mowing duration, the C:N ratio of plants did not vary among plant communities and functional groups(P > 0.05).(4)Mowing caused a stronger N-P power function relationship and a stable power exponent both at the plant community and functional group levels. And the N-P power exponent of Cyperaceae was less than 0.1, while those of the plant community, Gramineae and forbs remained stable at 0.19-0.22. In conclusion, this study found that plant stoichiometry remained stable across degradation levels but changed significantly with the prolongation of the mowing duration, which implies that different degraded alpine meadows in Northwest Yunnan may share common response mechanisms to mowing disturbance.]]> 2024/9/4 11:42:31 1,2*, MA Yandan², ZHENG Qiuzhu³, SU Derong¹, DONG Shikui¹, LIANG Kemin², WU Kaiting², YUE Haitao², WANG Xiaorong²]]> ZHANG Yong^1,2*, MA Yandan², ZHENG Qiuzhu³, SU Derong¹, DONG Shikui¹, LIANG Kemin², WU Kaiting², YUE Haitao², WANG Xiaorong² 15true 2 large plot inJiangxi Guanshan National Nature Reserve in 2015 and 2020, the grain size effect of landscape indices in eight different landscape types within the range of 5-50 meters were analyzed; the variation coefficients were used to reveal the changing characteristics of different landscape pattern indices as the grain size increased, and the optimal grain size was selected based on the inflection points of changes in various landscape indices. The results were as follows:(1)Based on the importance value analysis, eight different landscape types were identified in the arbor layer of the plot, including forest gap, bamboo forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest, Pinus massoniana forest, broad-leaved forest, bamboo and Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest, bamboo and Pinus massoniana mixed forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana mixed forest.(2)The overall distribution of patches in the landscape was relatively balanced, and the distribution pattern remained relatively stable. At larger spatial grain size, the aggregation of each landscape type increased, leading to a higher probability of landscape merging. In contrast, at smaller granularity, there was a noticeable trend of fragmentation in landscape types, providing a more comprehensive display of the quantity, density, and shape of each landscape type. Patch density(PD), number of patches(NP), edge density(ED), landscape shape index(LSI), mean fractal dimension index(FRAC_MN), contagion index(CONTAG)exhibited significant negative correlations with increasing grain size, while mean patch area(AREA_MN), Shannon's diversity index(SHDI), Shannon's evenness index(SHEI)exhibited significant positive correlations with increasing grain size.(3)The coefficients of variation for landscape indices PD, NP, ED, LSI, and AREA_MN were the highest, combining landscape structural stability and diversity, the changes in different landscape indices were primarily concentrated around the inflection point at 5 meters. These results illustrate the diversity of landscape types, with the coefficient of variation reflecting the most sensitive characteristics of landscape pattern changes. This study suggests that a grain size of 5 meters is optimal for studying the landscape pattern of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests in Guanshan, Jiangxi. This study provides favorable evidence for the restoration of forest resources and stand stucture.]]> 2024/9/4 11:42:31 1, LAN Yong², DAI Yufeng², XIONG Yong², WEN Renquan¹, SONG Qingni¹, YANG Qingpei¹, LIU Jun^1*]]> RAN Huan¹, LAN Yong², DAI Yufeng², XIONG Yong², WEN Renquan¹, SONG Qingni¹, YANG Qingpei¹, LIU Jun^1* 14true 2 Ailaoshan forest dynamic plot were studied. The forest dynamic plot was built in a mid-mountain moist evergreen broad-leaved forest in Ailaoshan. Within the plot, 450 seedling quadrats of size 1 m × 1 m were established. Species composition, seasonal recruitment, seasonal mortality and spatial distribution of tree seedlings were investigated for four years(from 2019 to 2022). The results were as follows:(1)A total of 2 928 seedlings of 58 species were recorded, belonging to 42 genera and 26 families. There were 817 recruits of 47 species and 1 181 dead seedlings of 50 species.(2)The importance values of tree seedlings varied among different tree species across years. Symplocos ramosissima and Machilus bombycina were the dominant species, with importance values consistently in the Top 2 in four years, while the importance value of the pioneer species Viburnum cyclindricum declined continuously.(3)Significant differences in species richness, average seedling species richness in quadrat, species diversity(Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index), seedling number, recruits, recruitment rate, mortality and mortality rate of tree seedlings were not found between different seasons.(4)The majority of species exhibited restricted distribution within the plot, only a few species displayed a broader distribution across the plot. Tree seedlings had higher species richness, density and diversity(Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index)in the flat topography compared to the ridge and valley of the plot. In conclusion, there are not significant differences in species composition, recruitment and mortality of tree seedlings between different seasons. Topography influences the spatial distribution and diversity of tree seedlings. The study reveals the dynamics of recruitment and mortality of tree seedlings, and provides the theoretical reference for biodiversity conservation and forest management.]]> 2024/9/4 11:42:31 1,2, SONG Xiaoyang^1*, WEN Handong¹, LU Zhiyun^1,3, YANG Jie¹, CAO Min¹]]> SHEN Jinfeng^1,2, SONG Xiaoyang^1*, WEN Handong¹, LU Zhiyun^1,3, YANG Jie¹, CAO Min¹ 13true 2 Ailaoshan forest dynamic plot were studied. The forest dynamic plot was built in a mid-mountain moist evergreen broad-leaved forest in Ailaoshan. Within the plot, 450 seedling quadrats of size 1 m × 1 m were established. Species composition, seasonal recruitment, seasonal mortality and spatial distribution of tree seedlings were investigated for four years(from 2019 to 2022). The results were as follows:(1)A total of 2 928 seedlings of 58 species were recorded, belonging to 42 genera and 26 families. There were 817 recruits of 47 species and 1 181 dead seedlings of 50 species.(2)The importance values of tree seedlings varied among different tree species across years. Symplocos ramosissima and Machilus bombycina were the dominant species, with importance values consistently in the Top 2 in four years, while the importance value of the pioneer species Viburnum cyclindricum declined continuously.(3)Significant differences in species richness, average seedling species richness in quadrat, species diversity(Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index), seedling number, recruits, recruitment rate, mortality and mortality rate of tree seedlings were not found between different seasons.(4)The majority of species exhibited restricted distribution within the plot, only a few species displayed a broader distribution across the plot. Tree seedlings had higher species richness, density and diversity(Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index)in the flat topography compared to the ridge and valley of the plot. In conclusion, there are not significant differences in species composition, recruitment and mortality of tree seedlings between different seasons. Topography influences the spatial distribution and diversity of tree seedlings. The study reveals the dynamics of recruitment and mortality of tree seedlings, and provides the theoretical reference for biodiversity conservation and forest management.]]> 2024/9/4 11:42:31 1,2, SONG Xiaoyang^1*, WEN Handong¹, LU Zhiyun^1,3, YANG Jie¹, CAO Min¹]]> SHEN Jinfeng^1,2, SONG Xiaoyang^1*, WEN Handong¹, LU Zhiyun^1,3, YANG Jie¹, CAO Min¹ 12true Lannea coromandelica)in the dry and hot ecosystem of the Yuanjiang, and measured the distribution patterns of hydraulic traits including shoot(leaf and stem), leaf, and stem hydraulic conductance, and morphological properties(DBH, leaf area/petiole length, leaf area/mass of petiole, mass of leaf/mass of petiole, average petiole length, bark density, wood density, Huber value and leaf mass per area)for 56 L. coromandelica individuals with different DBH grades(0 < DBH ≤ 9 cm), and then discussed the variation patterns of these traits among three DBH grades(0 < DBH ≤ 3, 3 < DBH ≤ 6 and 6 < DBH ≤ 9 cm). The results were as follows:(1)The stem hydraulic conductance was significantly greater than leaf hydraulic conductance in three DBH grades, indicating that there was a hydraulic segmentation between the stem and leaf, whereas the degree of hydraulic segmentation had a similar pattern.(2)Among the three DBH grades, there were significant differences in morphological traits such as average petiole length, bark density, wood density, Huber value and leaf mass per area, but there were no significant differences in the hydraulic conductance of the shoot, stem, and leaf.(3)Among the three DBH grades, the shoot hydraulic conductance was positively correlated with leaf and stem hydraulic conductance, indicating there was a coordination between leaf and stem hydraulic conductance. The stem hydraulic conductance was negatively correlated with bark density and positively with wood density, and leaf hydraulic conductance was significantly negatively correlated with the Huber value, indicating these leaf and stem morphological traits may impact shoot and leaf hydraulic conductance. Overall, this study suggests that there are similar hydraulic distribution patterns between leaf and stem of L. coromandelica at different growth stages, although some morphological traits differ significantly among different diameter grades. These results have important physiological significance for understanding the water transport mechanism in plants.]]> 2024/9/4 11:42:31 1,2,3, YANG Da², WANG Qin^2,4, KE Yan^2,4, YANG Shijian^1,3, ZHANG Jiaolin^2*]]> PENG Xiaorong^1,2,3, YANG Da², WANG Qin^2,4, KE Yan^2,4, YANG Shijian^1,3, ZHANG Jiaolin^2* 11true Albizia kalkora and alien Leucaena leucocephala were selected as our research objects, and the effects of water and soil microorganisms on the growth and development of the two plants were studied by soil water control and soil microbial inoculation under climate chamber conditions. The results were as follows:(1)Compared with Leucaena leucocephala, the seed germination rate, root biomass, root-shoot ratio and plant N:P ratio of Albizia kalkora were significantly increased by 58.82%, 76.13%, 90.59% and 18.42%, respectively(P<0.05).(2)Under drought conditions, the root biomass and plant nitrogen content of Albizia kalkora were significantly lower than those under moist conditions by 33.67% and 8.65%(P<0.05), and the plant height, aboveground biomass and root biomass of Leucaena leucocephala under drought conditions were 39.32%, 40.06% and 39.61% lower than those under moist conditions(P<0.05), indicating that drought inhibited the growth and nutrient uptake of both plants.(3)The quantity of root nodules in Albizia kalkora under drought conditions was higher than that under moist conditions(P<0.05), and the quantity of root nodules in Leucaena leucocephala under moist conditions was higher than that under drought conditions, but no significant difference.(4)Except for the litter proportion, soil microbial inoculation and the interaction between soil microorganisms and water had no significant effect on the growth of Albizia kalkora and Leucaena leucocephala. The above results suggest that Albizia kalkora is more suitable for drought environment than Leucaena leucocephala, which provides a theoretical basis for the selection of species for vegetation restoration in dry-hot valley, but the effects of soil microorganisms on plant growth are worthy of further exploration and research.]]> 2024/12/5 21:50:59 *]]> SHI Leiqi, LIU Ziyu, WANG Chaojun, WANG Yinhao, DU Xunqiu, WANG Xuemei^* 10true 3^--N)at LE were significantly higher than those at other elevations.(2)The species composition and species importance value of different elevations were significantly different.(3)The species diversity of HE was high, while the species abundance of LE was high. In α-diversity, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index increased with elevation, while Simpson dominance index of tree species reached its maximum at LE. In β-diversity Jaccard and Sorenson similarity indexes of communities in adjacent elevations increased with the elevations, but those of communities in non-adjacent elevations decreased with the elevations to compare with adjacent elevations.(4)CCA showed that SWC, SOM, NO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-N were the main factors affecting species differences at different elevations. It is concluded that the diversity, similarity and stability of plant communities in the hot-dry valley increased with the increasing of elevation, and the future research on the restoration of plant communities and their response and adaptation to drought should consider the spatial heterogeneity of the community, and different protection and restoration measures also should be formulated accordingly in this region.]]> 2024/12/5 21:50:59 1, DAO Zhigang¹, ZHAO Gaojuan^2,3*, CHEN Chao⁴, ZHANG Shubin^2,3, ZHANG Chunzao¹, LI Shouqi¹, WEN Handong⁴, LI Tianliang⁴, CHEN Yajun^2,3,4]]> LI Zhenxue¹, DAO Zhigang¹, ZHAO Gaojuan^2,3*, CHEN Chao⁴, ZHANG Shubin^2,3, ZHANG Chunzao¹, LI Shouqi¹, WEN Handong⁴, LI Tianliang⁴, CHEN Yajun^2,3,4 9true Riccia cavernosa Hoffm., R. nipponica S. Hatt., Metacalypogeia alternifolia(Nees)Grolle, Bazzania angustistipula N. Kitag., Cheilolejeunea kitagawae W. Ye & R.L. Zhu, Cololejeunea magnistyla(Horik.)Mizut., Colura calyptrifolia(Hook.)Dumort., Lejeunea convexiloba M.L. So & R.L. Zhu, Anthoceros angustus Steph., and A. subtilis Steph., are reported new to Guangxi. Among them, Colura calyptrifolia represents the first record for Chinese mainland, and Metacalypogeia is a new genus record for Guangxi. The diagnostic characters, voucher specimens, distribution, microscopic illustrations and taxonomic notes are also documented for each species. This study provides useful knowledge to better understand the bryophytes biodiversity in Guangxi, as well as in China.]]> 2024/12/6 9:12:41 1,2, TANG Qiming², XIANG Youliang³, HO Boon-Chuan⁴, WANG Shunli^2,3, WEI Yumei^2*]]> HUANG Ping^1,2, TANG Qiming², XIANG Youliang³, HO Boon-Chuan⁴, WANG Shunli^2,3, WEI Yumei^2* 8true 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1,2, PAN Fujing³, LU Qianqian², WANG Bin^1*]]> WANG Jing^1,2, PAN Fujing³, LU Qianqian², WANG Bin^1* 7true 2 communities at different elevations to investigate changes in species composition, species diversity and structure characteristics of diameter at breast height(DBH)class while exploring the causes of tree mortality. The results were as follows:(1)Tree mortality was greater in lower elevation communities than higher altitude ones. Tree death primarily affected small diameter trees and exhibited a non-random dead pattern independent of density dependence.(2)Overall α diversity of communities decreased slightly across all elevations over the course of seven years but not significantly so. The rate of change in α diversity index was relatively consistent among communities at different elevations. Although there were slight changes observed in the species composition within each community, these differences were minimal(P>0.99). A convergence trend was observed regarding species composition among communities at different elevations.(3)Average DBH and total basal area of all trees increased across communities at different elevations, with an inverted “J” shaped structure of DBH class indicating good self-renewal capacity and community stability maintenance ability. In summary, the changes observed in community structure of the evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in Cenwanglaoshan mountain are generally consistent across different elevations, thus demonstrating stable community structure with insignificant changes despite minor fluctuations occurring within dominant species population or rare species extinction impacting overall richness level.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1, LIANG Huolian¹, HUO Chunlin¹, LUO Yinghua^1,2,3*]]> CHEN Tao¹, LIANG Huolian¹, HUO Chunlin¹, LUO Yinghua^1,2,3* 6true 2 communities at different elevations to investigate changes in species composition, species diversity and structure characteristics of diameter at breast height(DBH)class while exploring the causes of tree mortality. The results were as follows:(1)Tree mortality was greater in lower elevation communities than higher altitude ones. Tree death primarily affected small diameter trees and exhibited a non-random dead pattern independent of density dependence.(2)Overall α diversity of communities decreased slightly across all elevations over the course of seven years but not significantly so. The rate of change in α diversity index was relatively consistent among communities at different elevations. Although there were slight changes observed in the species composition within each community, these differences were minimal(P>0.99). A convergence trend was observed regarding species composition among communities at different elevations.(3)Average DBH and total basal area of all trees increased across communities at different elevations, with an inverted “J” shaped structure of DBH class indicating good self-renewal capacity and community stability maintenance ability. In summary, the changes observed in community structure of the evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in Cenwanglaoshan mountain are generally consistent across different elevations, thus demonstrating stable community structure with insignificant changes despite minor fluctuations occurring within dominant species population or rare species extinction impacting overall richness level.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1, LIANG Huolian¹, HUO Chunlin¹, LUO Yinghua^1,2,3*]]> CHEN Tao¹, LIANG Huolian¹, HUO Chunlin¹, LUO Yinghua^1,2,3* 5true 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1,2, DU Xiaojun^2,3*, JIAO Zhihua⁴, GAO Xianming², LIU Longchang^1*, WANG Yu¹]]> MENG Wei^1,2, DU Xiaojun^2,3*, JIAO Zhihua⁴, GAO Xianming², LIU Longchang^1*, WANG Yu¹ 4true Phlegmariurus guangdongensis Ching, Adiantum longzhouensis A. H. Wang, F. G. Wang & F. W. Xing, and Lepisorus bicolor Ching, are reported. The identification characteristics, information of specimen, and geographical distribution of the species are described. The discovery of new records not only enriches the study of plant diversity in Vietnam, but also provides important information for biodiversity conservation and botanical research in the region. The voucher specimens are kept in the Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences(KUN), Herbarium of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences(PE)and Herbarium of Guangxi Forestry Research Institute(GXFI).]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1, WANG Bo², LIN Guoliang², JIANG Rihong³, WANG Zhenxing^2*]]> LU Yu¹, WANG Bo², LIN Guoliang², JIANG Rihong³, WANG Zhenxing^2* 3true 2 karst forest big plot in Gulinqing, Yunnan, we carried out sample-plot investigation, specimen collection and identification, floristic analysis, Jaccard similarity coefficient and principal component analysis(PCA), in order to explore its floristic characteristics and the status of the Gulinqing big plot in Yunnan and the geographical relationships among Gulinqing in Yunnan, Bubeng in Yunnan, and Nonggang in Guangxi, China. The results were as follows:(1)There were about 78 families, 238 genera, and 406 species(including infraspecies taxa and excluding woody vines)of woody plants with DBH≥1 cm.(2)In the plot, the families with 2-5 species and with one species were dominant and accounted for 37.18% and 34.62% of the total number of families, respectively, while the genera with 2-4 species and with one species were also dominant and accounted for 30.25% and 65.13% of the total number of genera, respectively.(3)Through analysis of the areal-types of families and genera, it was found that it had been divided into 9 areal-types and 7 variations at the family level, and the proportion of families was the highest at Pantropic, accounting for 50.77%, and the ratio of tropical flora to temperate flora(R/T)was 4.42; there were 11 areal-types at the genera level, mainly composed of Tropical Asian, Pantropic, Old World Tropics, accounting for 33.47%, 18.22%, and 13.98%, respectively, and R/T of the genera was 10.25.(4)The composition of Gulinqing, Bubeng and Nonggang big plots showed that Gulinqing and Bubeng had the highest similarity in family and genera level at Jaccard similarity coefficient(0.674 and 0.395, respectively), and Bubeng and Nonggang with the smallest Jaccard similarity coefficient(0.575 and 0.297, respectively).(5)The analysis results of the floristic spectrum PCA and the Jaccard similarity coefficient in the level of genera were similar, but different one at the level of families, e.g. a higher geographical connection between Gulinqing and Nonggang through the PCA analysis of family. In summary, this plot has a high diversity of families and genera, significant tropical characteristics, ancient floristic characteristics, obvious transitional status and extensive flora connections. However, there is an inconsistent geographical connection among Gulinqing, Bubeng and Nonggang from the composition and floristic spectrum.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1,2, CHEN Wenhong¹, HUANG Hong^1,3, YANG Chong¹, FAN Changli¹, ZHANG Jinguo⁴, SHUI Yumin^1*]]> LIU Qun^1,2, CHEN Wenhong¹, HUANG Hong^1,3, YANG Chong¹, FAN Changli¹, ZHANG Jinguo⁴, SHUI Yumin^1* 2true 2 karst forest big plot in Gulinqing, Yunnan, we carried out sample-plot investigation, specimen collection and identification, floristic analysis, Jaccard similarity coefficient and principal component analysis(PCA), in order to explore its floristic characteristics and the status of the Gulinqing big plot in Yunnan and the geographical relationships among Gulinqing in Yunnan, Bubeng in Yunnan, and Nonggang in Guangxi, China. The results were as follows:(1)There were about 78 families, 238 genera, and 406 species(including infraspecies taxa and excluding woody vines)of woody plants with DBH≥1 cm.(2)In the plot, the families with 2-5 species and with one species were dominant and accounted for 37.18% and 34.62% of the total number of families, respectively, while the genera with 2-4 species and with one species were also dominant and accounted for 30.25% and 65.13% of the total number of genera, respectively.(3)Through analysis of the areal-types of families and genera, it was found that it had been divided into 9 areal-types and 7 variations at the family level, and the proportion of families was the highest at Pantropic, accounting for 50.77%, and the ratio of tropical flora to temperate flora(R/T)was 4.42; there were 11 areal-types at the genera level, mainly composed of Tropical Asian, Pantropic, Old World Tropics, accounting for 33.47%, 18.22%, and 13.98%, respectively, and R/T of the genera was 10.25.(4)The composition of Gulinqing, Bubeng and Nonggang big plots showed that Gulinqing and Bubeng had the highest similarity in family and genera level at Jaccard similarity coefficient(0.674 and 0.395, respectively), and Bubeng and Nonggang with the smallest Jaccard similarity coefficient(0.575 and 0.297, respectively).(5)The analysis results of the floristic spectrum PCA and the Jaccard similarity coefficient in the level of genera were similar, but different one at the level of families, e.g. a higher geographical connection between Gulinqing and Nonggang through the PCA analysis of family. In summary, this plot has a high diversity of families and genera, significant tropical characteristics, ancient floristic characteristics, obvious transitional status and extensive flora connections. However, there is an inconsistent geographical connection among Gulinqing, Bubeng and Nonggang from the composition and floristic spectrum.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1,2, CHEN Wenhong¹, HUANG Hong^1,3, YANG Chong¹, FAN Changli¹, ZHANG Jinguo⁴, SHUI Yumin^1*]]> LIU Qun^1,2, CHEN Wenhong¹, HUANG Hong^1,3, YANG Chong¹, FAN Changli¹, ZHANG Jinguo⁴, SHUI Yumin^1* 1true