Eucalyptus L. Herit is a large genus of Myrtaceae with more than 600 species, native to Australia and some of its northern islands and mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Eucalyptus has the characteristics of fast growth, high yield, short rotation period and so on. It is an excellent pulp material with remarkable economic benefits. There are many introduced species in China, mainly distributed in South China. Nearly 80 species have been introduced into China since 1890, and are widely distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Jiangxi and other places. At present, China has become one of the countries with the largest area of Eucalyptus plants in the world and is also the largest exporter of Eucalyptus oil. Eucalyptus has a lot of industrial value. Its wood, leaves and fruits are important raw materials in chemical industry, fragrance and medicine fields. They can be used for developing high performance Eucalyptus recombination material, bamboo Eucalyptus composite material, pulp and paper-making, etc. Eucalyptus plants are used as folk medicine, with anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory, wind-relieving and anti-pyretic, anti-corrosion and anti-pruritic effects. As a traditional medicine, Australian aborigines are the first to use Eucalyptus for the treatment of fever and bronchial diseases; in China, the leaves of E. globulus, E. robusta, E. exserta, E. tereticornis, E. citriodora are often used to treat influenza, dysentery, eczema, and injuries for a long time. Pharmacological studies show that Eucalyptus plants have good anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-tumor, anti-cardiovascular diseases and other pharmacological activities. In this study, 421 non-volatile chemical constituents from different parts of Eucalyptus and their pharmacological activities are classified and described in detail by referring to the domestic and foreign literatures related to Eucalyptus in recent 30 years. There are 73 flavonoids, 61 organic acids, 45 terpenoids, 229 polyphenols and 13 fatty alcohols. Most of the pharmacological activities are anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-tumor, but the related mechanisms still need to be further elucidated. This study focuses on the medicinal parts of Eucalyptus, fully explores their medicinal value, and carries out clinical transformation and new drug research, which provides scientific basis for further research, development and utilization of Eucalyptus in the future.]]> 2022/5/8 9:42:47 1,2, ZHOU Zhongliu^1,2*, WU Yingyao¹, LI Chunyan¹, ZHANG Canlong^1,2, XUE Zhongfeng^2,3]]> HUANG Liping^1,2, ZHOU Zhongliu^1,2*, WU Yingyao¹, LI Chunyan¹, ZHANG Canlong^1,2, XUE Zhongfeng^2,3 8true Eucalyptus L. Herit is a large genus of Myrtaceae with more than 600 species, native to Australia and some of its northern islands and mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Eucalyptus has the characteristics of fast growth, high yield, short rotation period and so on. It is an excellent pulp material with remarkable economic benefits. There are many introduced species in China, mainly distributed in South China. Nearly 80 species have been introduced into China since 1890, and are widely distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Jiangxi and other places. At present, China has become one of the countries with the largest area of Eucalyptus plants in the world and is also the largest exporter of Eucalyptus oil. Eucalyptus has a lot of industrial value. Its wood, leaves and fruits are important raw materials in chemical industry, fragrance and medicine fields. They can be used for developing high performance Eucalyptus recombination material, bamboo Eucalyptus composite material, pulp and paper-making, etc. Eucalyptus plants are used as folk medicine, with anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory, wind-relieving and anti-pyretic, anti-corrosion and anti-pruritic effects. As a traditional medicine, Australian aborigines are the first to use Eucalyptus for the treatment of fever and bronchial diseases; in China, the leaves of E. globulus, E. robusta, E. exserta, E. tereticornis, E. citriodora are often used to treat influenza, dysentery, eczema, and injuries for a long time. Pharmacological studies show that Eucalyptus plants have good anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-tumor, anti-cardiovascular diseases and other pharmacological activities. In this study, 421 non-volatile chemical constituents from different parts of Eucalyptus and their pharmacological activities are classified and described in detail by referring to the domestic and foreign literatures related to Eucalyptus in recent 30 years. There are 73 flavonoids, 61 organic acids, 45 terpenoids, 229 polyphenols and 13 fatty alcohols. Most of the pharmacological activities are anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-tumor, but the related mechanisms still need to be further elucidated. This study focuses on the medicinal parts of Eucalyptus, fully explores their medicinal value, and carries out clinical transformation and new drug research, which provides scientific basis for further research, development and utilization of Eucalyptus in the future.]]> 2022/5/8 9:42:47 1,2, ZHOU Zhongliu^1,2*, WU Yingyao¹, LI Chunyan¹, ZHANG Canlong^1,2, XUE Zhongfeng^2,3]]> HUANG Liping^1,2, ZHOU Zhongliu^1,2*, WU Yingyao¹, LI Chunyan¹, ZHANG Canlong^1,2, XUE Zhongfeng^2,3 7true Eucalypts with precious native plant species on soil nutrient status from the perspectives of soil enzyme activities and stoichiometric characteristics, we measured the activities of soil C, N, and P hydrolase, including β-1, 4-glucosidase(BG), β-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase(NAG), leucine aminopeptidase(LAP)and acid phosphatase(ACP), and physicochemical properties in pure Eucalyptus plantations, pure Castanopsis hystrix plantations and mixed Eucalyptus and Castanopsis hystrix plantations using a randomized block method in the Qingshan Experimental Field of Tropical Forestry Experiment Centre of Chinese Academy of Forestry, Pingxiang, Guangxi. The results were as follows:(1)Soil pH, AN, AP and the activities of LAP were significantly increased in the mixed plantations at both 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers, and the activities of BG and ACP were significantly reduced on the above layers, but had nosignificant effects on the activity of NAG.(2)SOC and TN had significant positive correlation with the soil hydrolase activities and their stoichiometric ratios except enzyme C:N.(3)There were significant differences in soil hydrolase activities among the three plantations at both 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers, as well as SOC and AN were the dominant factors affecting soil enzymatic activity.(4)The soil ecoenzymatic C:N:P stoichiometry of the pure Eucalyptus plantations, mixed Eucalyptus and Castanopsis hystrix plantations and pure Castanopsis hystrix plantations were 1:1.08:1.37, 1:1.16:1.34 and 1:1.07:1.31 at 0-20 cm soil layer respectively, which were inconsistent with the 1:1:1 global pattern of C:N:P stoichiometry, which suggests that the soil microbe of the three stands were more easily restricted by phosphorus than carbon and nitrogen. Additionally, the values of enzyme C:P and enzyme N:P of the mixed Eucalyptus and Castanopsis hystrix plantations were both higher than that of the pure Eucalyptus plantations, while its enzyme C:N was lower than that of the pure Eucalyptus plantations, which indicated that the limitation of P was alleviated in the mixed Eucalyptus and Castanopsis hystrix plantations to some extent, but did not improve the limitation of N. This study can provide scientific basis for soil nutrient management and the improvement of the nutrient cycle of the mixed Eucalyptus and Castanopsis hystrix plantations.]]> 2022/5/8 9:42:47 1, ZHOU Xiaoguo^1,2, WEN Yuanguang^1,2,3*, WANG Lei¹, ZHU Hongguang^1,3, CHEN Qiuhai¹, ZHANG Yuna¹, YOU Yeming^1,3]]> SHAO Wenzhe¹, ZHOU Xiaoguo^1,2, WEN Yuanguang^1,2,3*, WANG Lei¹, ZHU Hongguang^1,3, CHEN Qiuhai¹, ZHANG Yuna¹, YOU Yeming^1,3 6true Eucalyptus plantations on the ecological environment has been a hot topic of controversy worldwide. The ecological and environmental effects of a mixture of Eucalyptus and precious native tree species have attracted much attention. In order to explore the effects of management measures in mixed plantations on soil nutrients and understory plant functional groups, we assessed the understory plant communities and environmental factors using pure Eucalyptus plantations(PE), mixed Eucalyptus and Castanopsis hystrix plantations(MEC), and pure C. hystrix plantations(PCH). We found significant differences in the physicochemical properties of soil in the different stands. The soil pH, available nitrogen(AN)content, and available phosphorus(AP)content were significantly higher in MEC than those in PE and PCH. However, we noted no significant advantages in terms of the soil moisture content(SMC), soil organic carbon(SOC)content, total nitrogen(TN)content, C:N ratio, and C:P ratio in MEC, with a trend of PE < MEC < PCH. On the other hand, the soil bulk density(SBD)and total phosphorus(TP)content showed a trend of PE > MEC > PCH. MEC significantly increased the species richness of the understory woody plant functional group(WFG), while PCH significantly increased the species richness of the fern functional group(FeFG). The importance value of WFG and the Gramineae functional group(GFG)were significantly higher in MCH than those in PCH, while the importance value of FeFG was significantly higher in PCH than that in MCH. Principal coordinate analysis revealed no significant differences in the composition of understory plant functional groups between MEC and PE, but revealed significant differences between MEC and PCH. Moreover, redundancy analysis revealed that AN and AP were the main factors influencing the dominance of WFG. SMC, TN content, and SOC content were the main factors influencing the dominance of FeFG, while SBD was the main factor influencing the dominance of GFG. Thus, the mixture of Eucalyptus and Castanopsis hystrix can improve the availability of soil nutrients and the diversity of understory plant communities to some extent in subtropical China.]]> 2022/5/8 9:42:47 1, ZHOU Xiaoguo^1,2, ZHU Hongguang^1,3*, WEN Yuanguang^1,3, WANG Lei¹, SHAO Wenzhe¹, ZHANG Yuna¹]]> CHEN Qiuhai¹, ZHOU Xiaoguo^1,2, ZHU Hongguang^1,3*, WEN Yuanguang^1,3, WANG Lei¹, SHAO Wenzhe¹, ZHANG Yuna¹ 5true Eucalyptus plantations are still unclear. In this study, an 11-year-old pure E. urophylla plantation(PP)and an 11-year-old mixed E. urophylla and Dalbergia odorifera plantation(MP)in the Shaoping Experimental Field of the Tropical Forestry Experimental Centre of Chinese Academy of Forestry were selected as the research objects. Soil aggregates which were collected from 0-10 cm soil layer were classified into >2 mm, 1-2 mm, 0.25-1 mm, and <0.25 mm fractions by the improved dry-sieving procedure. And then the soil physicochemical properties and the activities of hydrolase [β -glucosidase(BG), N-acetyl-glucosidase(NAG), leucine aminopeptidase(LAP)and acid phosphatase(ACP)] related to soil carbon(C), nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)cycling in soil aggregates were measured and the effects of mixing nitrogen-fixing tree species with Eucalyptus on soil enzyme activities and its stoichiometry were examined. The results were as follows:(1)The dominant soil aggregates were >2 mm fractions which were higher than other aggregates. The contents of SOC, TN, NO₃^--N, AP, pH and activities of BG, NAG, ACP were significantly increased on each aggregate fractions except for LAP, respectively, in MP than in PP.(2)pH, TN, AP, NO₃^--N, NH₄⁺-N had significant correlation with the ecoenzymatic stoichiometry. The redundancy analysis(RDA)found that the contents of NO₃^--N, SOC, and AP were key factors affecting the soil hydrolase enzyme activities and its stoichiometry.(3)The ecoenzymatic stoichiometry of C, N, P in this area was 1:0.86:0.74 [deviated from the global pattern(1:1:1)] which indicated that the soil microorganisms in this area were easily limited by C source. The C:N and C:P ratio of enzyme stoichiometric in most of the soil aggregates in MP were lower than those in PP, and significant differences were found in <0.25 mm fractions(P<0.05). Our findings suggest that the introduction of nitrogen-fixing tree species into eucalyptus plantations can not only alleviate the C source limitation of soil microbial growth and metabolism, but also effectively alleviate the N and P limitation of soil in this region. Findings from this study provide a scientific basis for the application of nitrogen-fixing tree species in improving soil quality and productivity of eucalyptus plantations.]]> 2022/5/8 9:42:47 1, XIAO Na¹, TAN Xumai¹, GAO Guannü¹, YAN Jinliu¹, SU Xiaoyan¹, You Yeming^1,2*]]> MO Xueqing¹, XIAO Na¹, TAN Xumai¹, GAO Guannü¹, YAN Jinliu¹, SU Xiaoyan¹, You Yeming^1,2* 4true R2R3-MYB genes in Pinus massoniana, we identified 17 R2R3-MYB genes based on the transcriptome dataset of P. massoniana, and then investigated their physical and chemical properties, phylogenetic relations, gene tissue specificity with qRT-PCR, and expression patterns of these genes in the development process of flower organs and under different abiotic stresses. The results were as follows:(1)Seventeen PmMYBs subcellular were predicted to locate in cell nucleus, without transmembrane structure. They all contained Motif1 and Motif2 conserved motifs. These 17 PmMYBs genes could be divided into nine subgroups according to phylogenetic analysis, which were closely related to gymnosperms such as Pinus taeda and Picea glauca.(2)The expression patterns of PmMYBs genes in different tissues and under salt stress, drought stress, lead stress and low temperature stress were validated by qRT-PCR. As a result, a total of 17 genes were constitutive expressed, but the expression levels were different in different tissues. All genes appeared to be involved in flower development. Seven MYB genes seemed to be involved in the transformation of male and female traits as they were differently expressed in different stages of flower development. Moreover, those genes may also be involved in abiotic stress responses, as most of the genes were up-regulated under abiotic stress. Their unique expression patterns may suggest that they function at different stages of stress. A few genes were down-regulated under stress, especially PmMYB11 gene. This study systematically analyze the characteristics, evolutionary and expression patterns of R2R3-MYB genes in Pinus massoniana during flower development and abiotic stress, and provides a reference for further study on the function and stress response mechanism of R2R3-MYB gene in P. massoniana.]]> 2022/5/8 9:42:47 1,2, HU Ying³, LU Jingyu^1,2, YANG Zhangqi^1,2*, CHEN Hu¹]]> SUN Shuang^1,2, HU Ying³, LU Jingyu^1,2, YANG Zhangqi^1,2*, CHEN Hu¹ 3true Pinus massoniana)(CP)by multi-layer mixed management in the southern subtropical region were selected as the research object, and the adjacent pure plantations of masson pine(PP)without modification were taken as the control(CK). And then we investigated the stability, organic carbon component, microbial biomass and enzyme activity of soil aggregates with different particle sizes and their relationships. The results were as follows:(1)Mean weight diameter(MWD), which was used to characterize the stability of soil aggregates, increased significantly after near-natural modification. Compared to PP, SOC, labile organic carbon(LOC), intermediate organic carbon(IOC), recalcitrant organic carbon(ROC), soil C/N, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen(MBC and MBN), microbial respiration(MR), β-glucosidase(BG), cellobiohydrolase(CB), N-acetyl-glucosaminidase(NAG)and phenol oxidase(PO)were significantly increased, but the MBC/MBN and microbial metabolic quotient(qCO₂)were significantly decreased.(2)The SOC, total organic carbon(LOC+IOC), ROC and ROC index(RCI)of in soils or most soil aggregates were significantly positively correlated with MWD.(3)The change of SOC content and its components mainly resulted from the interaction among soil physical and chemical, microbial and plant properties. Furthermore, the significant changes of litter carbon to nitrogen ratio(C/N_LF)and soil total nitrogen(TN)caused by masson pine with multi-layer mixed forest management were the primary drivers of differences in SOC content and its components. Our findings indicate that that the close-to-natural forest management model of multi-layer mixing is an effective management measure to improve SOC and its stability components, and so as to promote masson pine plantations to sequester more and more stabilized SOC in the subtropical region of China.]]> 2022/5/8 9:42:47 1, MO Xueqing¹, TAN Xumai¹, SU Xiaoyan¹, YAN Jinliu¹, GAO Guannü¹, ZHANG Wen¹, HUANG Xueman^1,2, YOU Yeming^1,2*]]> XIAO Na¹, MO Xueqing¹, TAN Xumai¹, SU Xiaoyan¹, YAN Jinliu¹, GAO Guannü¹, ZHANG Wen¹, HUANG Xueman^1,2, YOU Yeming^1,2* 2true Pinus massoniana seedlings, one-year-old seedlings were selected and grown in a L₁₆(4³)orthogonal design. Traits, such as seedling height, ground diameter, biomass, leaf chlorophyll contents and N, P, K contents, were measured to explore the effects of different N, P, K fertilization ratios on growth characteristics. The results were as follows:(1)There were significant differences in seedling height, ground diameter, biomass, quality index, chlorophyll and nutrient contents among different fertilization ratios treatments. Among them, treatment 12 had the highest biomass, quality index, chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll contents, and membership value.(2)N application had extremely significant effects on growth and physiology; K application had significant effects on seedling height, ground diameter, above-ground biomass, total biomass, and had extremely significant effects on chlorophyll and needle nutrients; Besides, P application had extremely significant effects on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, N and P contents in needles, and had significant effects on seedling height, under-ground biomass and total chlorophyll content.(3)N application had greater effect on seedling height, ground diameter, above-ground biomass, total biomass, quality index, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and N contents in needles than K and P applications. The effects on under-ground biomass and P contents of needles were as N>P>K.(4)N3 level was beneficial to seedling height, diameter and biomass accumulation. N4 level was beneficial to the accumulation of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll contents, N and P contents in needles, while P4 level was beneficial to biomass accumulation, chlorophyll and P contents accumulation. Comprehensive analysis showed that N should be applied mainly in the early stage of P. massoniana seedlings, supplemented by P and K. N3P4K2 nutrient solution can improve the overall quality of seedlings, with N, P and K concentrations as 8.25, 1.00 and 1.50 mmol·L^-1, respectively.]]> 2022/5/8 9:42:48 1, MO Ronghai¹, DING Guijie^1,2*, CHEN Long¹]]> LUO Xianying¹, MO Ronghai¹, DING Guijie^1,2*, CHEN Long¹ 1true