Pinus sylvestris plantation and its mechanis, in this study, the Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation in the Saihanba Melaleuca Forest Farm were added four different N levels of 0, 1, 5, 10 g N·m^-2·a^-1 for two years, which were designated with N0, N1, N5 and N10, and with the GeoChip 5.0 functional gene microarray system and the greenhouse soil culture method, the response of soil NFGs to N addition and its influence on N transformation processes were discussed. The results were as follows:(1)The N1 and N5 treatments significantly affected the ammonification(ureC, nirA, nrfA), nitrification(amoA)and denitrification(norB)and compared with the N0 treatment, N10 treatment reduced the expression of all NFGs.(2)Correlation analysis showed that the above promotion was significantly associated with soil organic carbon(SOC), nitrate nitrogen(NO₃^--N)and microbial biomass carbon(MBC), and N10 treatment significantly reduced the relative abundance of NFGs for all N transformation processes, and this negative effect was associated with a reduction in dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and MBC content.(3)Similar to the trend of nitrogen transformation gene abundance, N1 and N5 treatments significantly increased net N nitrification, net N mineralization and N₂O emission rate, but the promotion of N10 was not significantly, which indicated that there was a threshold for the promotion of nitrogen conversion by nitrogen addition.(4)Furthermore, multiple regression analysis further showed that amoA-AOB and MBC were key factors affecting net N nitrification, ureC, nirK and MBC were key factors affecting net N mineralization, and narG and nirS were key factors affecting N₂O emissions. In conclusion, N addition can improve the promotion of N transformation and increase the relative abundance of some specific enzyme functional genes in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation, but there is a threshold value for N addition level, when 10 g N·m^-2·a^-1 is applied, N transformation is inhibited, and 5 g N·m^-2·a^-1 is a better level to promote soil N transformation in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation.]]> 2022/8/7 11:36:29 1, WEI Hongjie²]]> LIU Xinjun¹, WEI Hongjie² 41true Dicranopteris pedata in three micro-topographies(ridge, slope and valley of the ephemeral gully)and to analyze the response and adaptation strategy of D. pedata to shallow trench micro-topography. The results were as follows:(1)The overall variation degree of leaf functional characters of D. pedata was between 0.05 and 0.47. Both leaf thickness and leaf area were showed as the order of valley > slope > ridge(P<0.05). The leaf N content at the slope was significantly higher than that at the ridge and valley. The leaf P content was significantly lower at the ridge than those at the slope and valley. There was no significant differences in specific leaf area and leaf C content among three micro-topographies.(2)D. pedata at the ridge reduced water loss to protecte itself by reducing leaf area. D. pedata at the slope increased the photosynthetic rate of leaves to promote growth by increasing the N content of leaves. D. pedata at the valley improved light capture ability to promote growth by increasing the leaf area. The above results indicate that due to the differences of soil nutrients, temperature and humidity conditions, D. pedata can achieve better adaption to the environment by adjusting nutrient content and changing leaf morphology.]]> 2022/8/7 11:36:30 *, CHEN Zhibiao, FENG Liujun]]> SHANG Yanqiong, CHEN Zhiqiang^*, CHEN Zhibiao, FENG Liujun 40true Dictamnus dasycarpus was taken as the research object, and the inductive effect of short-term enhanced ultraviolet radiation(UV)on four active ingredients, obacunone, fraxinellone, dictamnine, and limonin in the roots, stems, and leaves of D. dasycarpus was explored. The results were as follows:(1)Under whether low- or medium-intensity UV-A and UV-B radiation conditions, the maximum quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ(F_v/F_m)of D. dasycarpus was always over 0.76 during the experimental period; Compared with the control(without ultraviolet radiation enhancement treatment), there was no significant differences in the actual photosynthetic quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ Y(Ⅱ), regulated energy dissipation quantum yield Y(NPQ), photochemical quenching coefficient based “lake model”(qL)and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ); Low- and moderate-intensity UV-B radiation significantly promoted the increase of non-regulated energy dissipation quantum yield Y(NO)of D. dasycarpus.(2)An appropriate enhanced amount of short-term ultraviolet radiation could promote the rapid accumulation of the active ingredients of D. dasycarpus, the four active ingredients in the roots could be increased by up to 51%, the accumulation was mainly in the D. dasycarpus roots. The effects of moderate intensity UV-A radiation and lower intensity UV-B radiation were the most obvious, and it not only promoted the accumulation of four active ingredients of obacunone, fraxinellone, dictamnine, and limonin in the roots, but also promoted the accumulation of dictamnine in the stems and fraxinellone in the leaves. The results reveal that the effectiveness of the accumulation of active ingredients in D. dasycarpus is improved under short-term enhanced ultraviolet radiation conditions. It also reveals that an effective way to improve the tolerance of the D. dasycarpus to light intensity and promote the accumulation of active ingredients is to increase the non-photochemical efficiency of the D. dasycarpus photosynthetic system.]]> 2022/8/7 11:36:30 1,2, SONG Xiaoqian^1,2, ZHENG Jingwen^1,2, CAO Meng^1,2, ZHANG Zhonghua^1,2*, TANG Zhonghua^1,2]]> SU Yuhang^1,2, SONG Xiaoqian^1,2, ZHENG Jingwen^1,2, CAO Meng^1,2, ZHANG Zhonghua^1,2*, TANG Zhonghua^1,2 39true -1 and 6.53 d·℃^-1, respectively. Leaf-coloration time and defoliation time were significantly responded to temperature for parts of the species by delaying on average, 16.66 d·℃^-1 and 3.50 d·℃^-1, respectively.(2)Only part of the species showed significant response to precipitation in spring(leaf-out phenology: 60%; flowering phenology: 35%)and autumn(leaf-coloration phenology: 25%; defoliation phenology: 13%).(3)There were no significant differences in response to temperature change among different functional groups, except species of different deciduousness showed significant differences in response to temperature change. We conclude that the spring phenology of plants in the subtropical area is significantly advanced and the autumn phenology is significantly delayed, and there are no significant differences in response to temperature among different functional groups in the subtropical area. The results show that different functional groups converge on their response to climate change in the subtropical area.]]> 2022/8/7 11:36:30 *]]> CHEN Qin, TANG Xinran, XUE Qianhuai, WANG Xinyang, DU Yanjun^* 38true P<0.05)in soil water content, total salt, organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium, available nitrogen and available potassium, among which all soil factors except total potassium were higher at middle elevations than at low and high elevation zones. With the increase of elevation, the plant communities had higher Pielou evenness index in the low and high elevation zones; the Patrick richness index of shrub layer species was lower; Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index of herbaceous layer species increased and then decreased with elevation.(2)RDA analysis showed that the main factors affecting the species diversity of plant communities were altitude, soil water content, total salt, organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen. Elevation, as the dominant factor, was positively correlated with the diversity indexes of each species in the herbaceous layer, and was negatively correlated with the diversity indexes of each species in the shrub layer; Total salt was the main soil factor that suppressed the Simpson index of the plant community as a whole; Nitrogen limited the growth of shrub and semi-shrub species to a certain extent. The results of this study indicate that soil factors have a screening effect on the formation of diversity of different living species and different adaptation strategies of different species to environmental changes.]]> 2022/8/7 11:36:30 1,2,3, ZHANG Yunling⁴, LIU Bin^1,2,3*]]> MA Zijing^1,2,3, ZHANG Yunling⁴, LIU Bin^1,2,3* 37true Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, and the response to environmental changes was further investigated through the method of space alternative time. The results were as follows:(1)There were significant differences in clonal growth parameters such as density, plant height, and diameter, as well as reproductive parameters such as seed setting ratio, spike biomass, spike investment ratio, seed production, and the number of active seed in different geospates(P<0.05), but there was no significant differences in above-ground biomass.(2)The density, plant height, seed setting ratio, spike biomass, and spike investment ratio of S. tabernaemontani showed significant zonal distribution patterns of latitude, longitude, and altitude. Among them, The density increased with the increase in latitude and altitude, and it was decreased with the increase of longitude. Meanwhile, the plant height, seed setting ratio, spike biomass, and spike investment ratio decreased with the increase of latitude and altitude, and gradually increased with increasing longitude.(3)Mean temperature of the warmest month, mean temperature of the coldest month, soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus were the key factors affecting the growth(density and height)of S. tabernaemontani, where the warmest month mean temperature was the greatest influence. In addition, mean annual precipitation and soil organic carbon mostly explained the reproductive characteristics of S. tabernaemontani compared with other influencing factors, among which the mean annual precipitation had the greatest effect. The investigation further showed that the climatic factors(the warmest month mean temperature, the coldest month mean temperature, and mean annual precipitation)were the main factors affecting the growth and reproduction of S. tabernaemontani in the lakeside zone of Yunnan Plateau lakes.]]> 2022/8/7 11:36:30 1,2, LIU Zhenya^1,2, WANG Na ^1,2, NIU Mengying³, AI Jing⁴, XIAO Derong^5,6 , WANG Hang^1,2*]]> ZHAO Piao^1,2, LIU Zhenya^1,2, WANG Na ^1,2, NIU Mengying³, AI Jing⁴, XIAO Derong^5,6 , WANG Hang^1,2* 36true k value)ranged from 0.43 a^-1 to 1.41 a^-1, among which Zizania latifolia decomposed the fastest(k=1.41 a^-1), Thalia dealbata decomposed the slowest(k=0.43 a^-1).(2)Specific leaf area, puncture strength and dry matter amount showed a trend of “continuous increase” “continuous decrease” and “first increase and then decrease”, respectively. Nutrient element indexes mainly presented “release-enrichment”“enrichment-release” and “net release” modes. Among the key carbon-related indexes, lignin showed the trend in “enrichment-release”“enrichment-release-enrichment” and “enrichment”, respectively. Cellulose and hemicellulose showed “accumulation-release” changes.(3)Leaf litter decomposition rate had the highest correlation with initial physical indexes(i.e., specific leaf area, puncture strength, amount of dry matter)and initial carbon-related indexes(i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose).(4)Dynamic changes of thirteen indexes during the incubation period were mainly dominated by the decomposition stage, and three indexes were dominated by species. Among them, specific leaf area, puncture strength, amount of dry matter, carbon, potassium, calcium, sulfur, iron and other indexes have consistency in the decomposition dynamics of different emergent plants. Therefore, it can be used as key indexes for emergent plant litter decomposition. This study indicates that the decomposition rates of different plants are different, and physical and carbon-related compound indicators are the main factors regulating the decomposition rate, the decomposition law of wetland emergent plants is revealed to provide crucial theoretical reference for further predicting litter decomposition of wetland emergent plants.]]> 2022/8/7 11:36:30 1, CUI Wanzhe¹, ZHAO Piao¹, XIAO Derong¹, WANG Hang^1,2,3*]]> WANG Chenli¹, CUI Wanzhe¹, ZHAO Piao¹, XIAO Derong¹, WANG Hang^1,2,3* 35true + and K⁺ absorption and transport in Typha domingensis distribution in a wetland system, and to investigate the remediation effect of T. domingensis planting in the saline wetland, artificial saline wetlands with four different salinity concentrations were adopted in this experiment, namely CK(irrigation with tap water), T1(irrigation with 100 mmol·L^-1 saline water), T2(irrigation with 200 mmol·L^-1 saline water), and T3(irrigation with 300 mmol·L^-1 saline water), the height, dry weight, contents of Na⁺ and K⁺ in aboveground part and belowground part of the seedlings, as well as contents of Na⁺ and K⁺ in the water body and sediment. The effects of wetland salinity on the balance of Na⁺ and K⁺ in T. domingensis and its Na⁺ transport characteristics were analyzed via the variation in Na⁺/K⁺ and the former's Na⁺/K⁺ transfer factor under different treatments in different periods. The removal ratios of Na⁺ and K⁺ from soil and water body were calculated to analyze the desalination of wetlands by T. domingensis. The results were as follows:(1)The plant height and dry weight increase of T. domingensis in each treatment showed an increasing trend during the whole treatment stage, but the height of T. domingensis in different treatments were lower than that of CK.(2)The concentrations of Na⁺ in the aboveground and underground parts of T. domingensis were 2.56 times and 1.75 times of the CK, respectively, and the concentrations of K⁺ in the aboveground and belowground parts were decreased by 34.1% and 35.8%.(3)The value of Na⁺/K⁺ in the aboveground and underground parts showed an increasing trend during the whole experimental stage, and the selective transfer coefficient and the Na⁺ and K⁺ transfer coefficients generally showed a decreasing trend during the whole experimental stage.(4)The removal rates of Na⁺ and K⁺ in the soil of the treatment group by T. domingensis were 10.6%-15.8% and 2.3%-12.8%, the removal rates of Na⁺ and K⁺ in the water body of the treatment group were 55.0%-65.1% and 1.6%-67.0%. All the above results indicate that salt stress can affect the balance of Na⁺ and K⁺ in T. domingensis. Na⁺ can be effectively absorbed by T. domingensis, and Na⁺ can be transferred from the belowground part to the aboveground part by exchange with K⁺ in the plant. Therefore, the salt can be absorbed and transferred from the wetland system into the organ of T. domingensis by the mean of ion transport, which can be used as an excellent plant for saline wetland restoration.]]> 2022/8/7 11:36:30 1,2, NI Xilu^2,3*, HOU Hui², XIE Qinmi², CHENG Hao^1,2]]> ZHAO Hongliang^1,2, NI Xilu^2,3*, HOU Hui², XIE Qinmi², CHENG Hao^1,2 34true Arachis hypogaea and Brassica chinensis exceeded the threshold values in the National Food Safety Standards(GB 2762—2017), which had great health risks.(3)Among the 23 dominant plant species, thetranslocation factors of Celosia argentea, Bidens pilosa, Emilia sonchifolia and Eremochloa ciliaris for several heavy metals were greater than one, indicating that they have the characteristics of metal accumulating plants. The heavy metal contents in roots of Arisaema erubescens, Ricinus communis, and Senecio scandens were relatively higher, while their translocation factors were relatively lower, indicating that they were root hoarding plant. The metal contents in the shoots and roots of Crotalaria albida, Rottboellia exaltata and Sonchus arvensis were relatively lower, while they kept healthy in the contaminated soil, indicating that they were elusive plants. The results show that the soils in the studied area are seriously polluted by Cd and Mn, and Celosia argentea is a potential plant material for the remediation of the co-contaminated soil.]]> 2022/8/7 11:36:30 1, LIN Hua^1,2,3, YU Guo^1,2,3*, JIANG Pingping^1,2,3, LIU jie^1,2,3]]> WANG Xinshuai¹, LIN Hua^1,2,3, YU Guo^1,2,3*, JIANG Pingping^1,2,3, LIU jie^1,2,3 33true Pinus yunnanensis var. tenuifolia in Jinzhongshan of Guangxi and its response to climate, a standard tree-ring chronology of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia was established, response analysis was used to explore the relationship between radial growth and climatic factors, and stepwise regression and variance decomposition were used to quantify the effects of climatic factors on radial growth of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia. The results were as follows:(1)Sunshine duration in January, August, September and November, and the mean minimum temperature and the mean temperature in October of the previous year were significantly positively correlated with tree-ring width of standard chronology. By contrast, there was a significant negative correlation between the number of days with the amount of precipitation >10 mm in June of the previous year and tree-ring width. Precipitation in February, relative air humidity and the mean minimum temperature in March, sunshine duration in June, and the mean maximum temperature and mean temperature in September of the current year were positively correlated with tree-ring width.(2)The variance decomposition results of the final stepwise regression model revealed that the mean minimum temperature in October of the previous year had the greatest effect on the radial growth of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia(explaining 23.35% of the variance), followed by the mean maximum temperature in September of the current year(explaining 10.39% of the variance). Sunshine duration in January and November of the previous year explained 3.94% and 6.58% of the variation in radial growth of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia, respectively. In conclusion, autumn temperature and winter light condition are the main climatic factors limiting the radial growth of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia in Jinzhongshan. In addition, both drought in early spring and heavy rainfall in rainy season can reduce the radial growth of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:40 1, TANG Jinli¹, WEI Haiyong², HU Baoqing¹, SU Hongxin^1*]]> YU Biyun¹, TANG Jinli¹, WEI Haiyong², HU Baoqing¹, SU Hongxin^1* 32true Actinothuidium hookeri and Hylocomium splendens were taken as the research objects, and NH₄NO₃ was used as the nitrogen source. Nitrogen deposition treatments were applied with control(0 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1), low(20 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1)and high(50 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1). The experiment lasted six months. The results were as follows:(1)The contents of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, chlorophyll, proline and soluble protein were significantly increased by application of NH₄NO₃ solution. At the same time, the activities of its catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase were significantly increased when Actinothuidium hookeri was subjected to nitrogen deposition.(2)During the vigorous and late periods, the activities of its catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase were significantly decreased when Hylocomium splendens was subjected to similar nitrogen deposition.(3)During the experiment, subordinate function value of Actinothuidium hookeri significantly increased with increase of NH₄NO₃ solution concentration. Response pattern of subordinate function value was different when Hylocomium splendens was subjected to different concentrations of NH₄NO₃ solution in the vigorous and late growth periods. In conclusion, physiological responses are different between two mosses subjected to nitrogen deposition. High concentration of nitrogen deposition can promote the growth of Actinothuidium hookeri. Hylocomium splendens can grow normally under the natural nitrogen deposition conditions and can withstand a certain degree of nitrogen deposition, but when the nitrogen deposition is too high, it will cause damage to it, the metabolism decreases and its growth is inhibited. Long-term nitrogen deposition may lead to future change of moss community composition in Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan Province.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:40 1, ZOU Jiacheng¹, DU Jie², WEN Zhuanghai¹, LUO Zhi¹, LEI Ningfei^1*]]> LEI Rui¹, ZOU Jiacheng¹, DU Jie², WEN Zhuanghai¹, LUO Zhi¹, LEI Ningfei^1* 31true 2 concentration. A capped growth chamber with an artificial environment control system was used to study the response of the leaf economic traits of the widely spread wetland plants Scirpus validus and Typha orientalis to the simulated warming(current ambient temperature +2 ℃)and doubled CO₂ concentration(increased to 850 μmol·mol^-1). The results were as follows:(1)The net photosynthetic rate, contents of N and P Scirpus validus were significantly reduced, but the intercellular CO₂ concentration and leaf mass per area increased significantly under increased temperature treatment. Both the intercellular CO₂ concentration and net photosynthetic rate of S. validus were significantly reduced, but the leaf mass per area was significantly increased under the treatment of doubled CO₂ concentration.(2)Similar to S. validus, the leaf mass per area of Typha orientalis also increased significantly, while the contents of N and P were significantly reduced under warming treatment; in addition, the photosynthetic parameters, contents of N and P of T. orientalis were significantly reduced, while the leaf mass per area increased significantly under the treatment of doubled CO₂ concentration.(3)The leaf mass per area, contents of N and P, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO₂ concentration of Scirpus validus were significantly correlated with the first two axes of the principal component analysis; while all the studied leaf economic traits of Typha orientalis were related to two environment variables, indicating that these traits played an important role in the response of plants to changes in temperature and CO₂ concentration.(4)In addition to C content, other economic trait parameters of Scirpus validus and Typha orientalis including net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO₂ concentration, contents of N and P and leaf mass per area were all played important roles in response to increasing temperature and doubled CO₂ concentration. Overall, these results reflect the response strategies of Scirpus validus and Typha orientalis on functional traits to increasing temperature and doubled CO₂ concentration. The photosynthetic capacity and nutrient contents of the two species are significantly inhibited under the two treatments, but their resistance to stress increased, indicating that the increase in temperature and CO₂ concentration are not conducive to the growth of the two species.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:40 1, SUN Mei^1,2*, FENG Chunhui¹, XU Junping^1,2, CHEN Hongyi¹, LIU Zhenya³]]> YU Hongyan¹, SUN Mei^1,2*, FENG Chunhui¹, XU Junping^1,2, CHEN Hongyi¹, LIU Zhenya³ 30true 2023/10/14 20:37:40 1, FANG Zhongping², HU Laiting³, NAN Ge⁴, XU Gaofu², YU Mingjian^1*]]> BAO Minghui¹, FANG Zhongping², HU Laiting³, NAN Ge⁴, XU Gaofu², YU Mingjian^1* 29true Malcolmia scorpioides and Arnebia decumbens, to light and temperature, this study measured the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and discussed their light damage and the change of photosynthetic activities under different temperatures(25-60 ℃)and constant room temperature(25 ℃)and high temperature and different illumination(80-400 μmol·m^-2·s^-1). The results were as follows:(1)The photosynthetic efficiency and electron transport rate increased first and then decreased with the increase of temperature, reached the highest value at 40 ℃ and then rapidly decreased, the quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation in PS Ⅱ [Y(NO)] and PS I receptor side heat dissipation efficiency [Y(NA)] increased, and the photosynthetic system was damaged due to the accumulation of excitation pressure at the receptor terminal.(2)Under the light range of 80-400 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and room temperature, the photosynthetic efficiency increased with the enhancement of light intensity; under high temperature, the combined stress of light and high temperature on plants descended the photosynthetic activities of plants and the quantum yield of regulatory energy dissipation in PS Ⅱ [Y(NPQ)], and when the light intensity reached 320 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the ring electron transport flow disappeared. In conclusion, light and temperature within a certain range can improve the photosynthetic activity, activate heat dissipation and ring electron transport flow and reduced photoinhibition. However, with the increase of temperature and light intensity at high temperature, the adaptation ability of the two ephemeral plants decrease and the photoprotective mechanism disappeared. The main reason is the accumulation of PS I receptor side excitation pressure and the failure of regulatory heat dissipation.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:40 1, CHENG Moxiang¹, XIE Shuangquan¹, WANG Xiushuang¹, HAO Xingming², ZHUANG Li^1*]]> FU Huirong¹, CHENG Moxiang¹, XIE Shuangquan¹, WANG Xiushuang¹, HAO Xingming², ZHUANG Li^1* 28true Quercus gilva is a precious timber tree species in middle subtropical China. In order to investigate the phenotypic diversity, phenotypic variation pattern and the major geographic and climatic factors influencing phenotypic variation of Q. gilva populations, 15 growth and leaf traits of 115 individuals from 14 natural populations were measured, and then the phenotypic diversity, variation pattern and the correlation between phenotypic variation and geographic and climatic factors were studied using nested analysis of variance, phenotypic differentiation coefficient, diversity index, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results were as follows:(1)The average variation coefficient and the average Shannon-Wiener index of 15 phenotypic traits were 35.070% and 1.998, respectively. Variation coefficient and Shannon-Wiener index of 14 populations ranged from 14.94%(Dongkou)to 35.56%(Longshan)and from 1.127(Songyang)to 1.980(Changning), respectively. These results indicated that Q. gilva showed a relatively high level of phenotypic diversity.(2)Significant differences in 15 phenotypic traits were found among and within populations(P<0.01), with an average phenotypic differentiation coefficient of 41.491%. This result elucidated that the phenotypic variation within populations was greater than that among populations.(3)Correlation analysis showed that there were significant or entremely significant correlations among parts of the traits, whereas no correlation was found between phenotypic traits and geographic factors. Precipitation was the major factor that influenced the phenotypic traits of Q. gilva.(4)Principle component analysis indicated that the first four principal components explained 82.961% of total phenotypic contribution rate of Q. gilva.(5)Cluster analysis revealed that 14 Q. gilva populations were divided into three groups according to their different leaf and petiole size, such as small-leaved micropetiole, large-leaved macropetiole and medium-leaved micropetiole, which was not related to the geographic distribution of populations. This study provides scientific basis for the protection and utilization of Q. gilva germplasm resources, and lays an important foundation for its improved variety breeding.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:40 1, LIU Na¹, ZHOU Xia¹, LI Zhihui¹, CAO Fuliang², LI He^1*]]> QIN Zhikuang¹, LIU Na¹, ZHOU Xia¹, LI Zhihui¹, CAO Fuliang², LI He^1* 27true Rusavskia elegans and Circinaria contorta were the widest in Dabancheng mountainous area, indicating that they were more adaptable to different environments. The niche widths of other lichen species were narrow, indicating that the species used the environmental resources to a less extent.(2)The niche overlap value between species was generally low, with only a few species pairs having a high niche overlap value. The degree of niche differentiation between lichen species was high, indicating that the competition between species was not intense.(3)Although niche overlap was common among species with wider niche widths, niche overlap values were lower. However, some species with narrower niche widths had higher niche overlap values with other species. As a result, there was no clear linear relationship between niche overlap and niche width.(4)The distribution of lichen species varied along the altitudinal gradient, and altitude, light intensity, humidity, wind speed, and human disturbance were the dominant environmental factors for the different niche characteristics of lichen community species in the study area. In conclusion, as a result of habitat resource competition in Dabancheng mountainous area, lichen species occupied their own distinct niches, resulting in niche differentiation and relatively stable communities. The distribution of species differed significantly due to differences in habitat conditions along the altitudinal gradient. The results of this paper provides a theoretical basis for the study of lichen community assembly, which are of great significance to the conservation of lichen species diversity and habitat in the region.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:40 *]]> LI Zuosen, TUMUR Anwar^* 26true Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus has been found to have the potential to improve physical and mental health of people in indoor environment, but its effectivess is reduced for that the release of volatile organic compounds from plants is susceptible to indoor environmental changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the response of volatile organic compounds released by P. hadiensis var. tomentosus to common indoor environmental changes, and to provide a scientific basis for its efficient and sustainable application in building a comfortable pro-biotic environment to improve the physical and mental health of indoor personnel. Thus, the effects of four typical indoor environmental factors, such as air temperature, air relative humidity, CO₂ concentration and light variation, on the release of volatile organic compounds from P. hadiensis var. tomentosus were investigated in this study. And the dynamic headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques were used to analyze the volatile organic compounds in different indoor environments with an environmental control device based on mixed-level orthogonal array design. The results were as follows:(1)Among the four typical indoor environmental factors of air temperature, air relative humidity, CO₂ concentration and light condition, CO₂ concentration and air temperature had greater effects on the release of volatile organic compounds from P. hadiensis var. tomentosus, while the effects of air relative humidity and light were weak.(2)For P. hadiensis var. tomentosus cultivated under normal photoperiod, an environmental condition with CO₂ concentration of 500 μmol·mol^-1, air temperature of 25 ℃ and air relative humidity of 60% was the most suitable for releasing volatile organic compounds from P. hadiensis var. tomentosus in the absence of light. Under this environmental condition, the total amount of volatile organic compounds released by P. hadiensis var. tomentosus was 86.23 μg·L^-1·kg^-1, and the content of biological active components with potentials for the positive intervention of physical and mental health was 78.03 μg·L^-1·kg^-1. In summary, the results suggest that when the aroma plant P. hadiensis var. tomentosus is used to build an indoor pro-biotic environment to maintain or improve the physical and mental health of people in indoor, the environmental conditions should be controlled properly, especially CO₂ concentration and air temperature, so as to fully and efficiently produce the positive health benefits from P. hadiensis var. tomentosus.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:40 1, LIU Hui^1,2*, LIU Hong^1,2]]> CUI Jingxian¹, LIU Hui^1,2*, LIU Hong^1,2 25true Jasminum nudiflorum is very popular among citizens for its unique ornamental properties in early spring. Copper(Cu)pollution is one of the most serious heavy metal pollution types in Beijing. To explore the remediation effect of J. nudiflorum on urban copper pollution. By simulating the soil and atmospheric copper pollution conditions in Beijing, pot experiments were conducted to set up nine different concentrations of soil and atmosphere Cu treatments to verify the Cu enrichment ability and physiological growth characteristics of J. nudiflorum. The results were as follows:(1)Soil treatment and atmospheric deposition treatment and were able to significantly increase Cu content in root, stem and leaf of J. nudiflorum, among them, the contribution of soil ranged from 63.48% to 96.99%. The Cu content in each treatment showed the order of root>stem>leaf.(2)Under atmospheric treatment, photochemical conversion efficiency(F_v/F_m)and relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value)were increased, initial fluorescence(F0)was decreased, and photosynthetic capacity was promoted. The photosynthesis of J. nudiflorum was inhibited by soil treatment and co-treatment with soil and atmosphere.(3)Compared with atmospheric single factor treatment, soil single factor treatment and co-treatment with soil and atmosphere resulted in increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS), increased membrane lipid peroxidation, increased malondialdehyde(MDA)content, and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity and proline(PRO)content, and finally led to damage of the biofilm system.(4)The low-concentration Cu treatment promoted the growth of J. nudiflorum, while the high-concentration copper treatments(SHAL, SHAH)inhibited the growth of J. nudiflorum. The minimum value of the root tolerance index(TI)of J. nudiflorum was 69.19%, which indicated that J. nudiflorum belonged to a highly tolerant plant. In conclusion, under the simulated treatment of soil and atmosphere Cu pollution in Beijing, J. nudiflorum can effectively absorb and enrich Cu in soil and atmosphere while maintaining its own normal physiological and growth activities. This conclusion provides a certain theoretical basis for the prevention and control of Cu pollution and the maintenance and restoration of the ecological environment in Beijing.]]> 2023/10/14 20:37:40 1,2, XU Ruirui^1,2, HOU Lina^1,2, RUAN Kunfei^1,2, BI Ningning^1,2, LIU Zhonghua^1,2*]]> WANG Tianqi^1,2, XU Ruirui^1,2, HOU Lina^1,2, RUAN Kunfei^1,2, BI Ningning^1,2, LIU Zhonghua^1,2* 24true Phyllostachys edulis forest on soil organic carbon storage and carbon components, we took pure bamboo forest, bamboo-tea mixed forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest as the study objects, collected the surface soil(0-10 cm)of these three forest types, and measured soil organic carbon(SOC), carbon components, biotic and abiotic factors. The results were as follows:(1)The diversity of understory plants in bamboo-tea mixed forest was significantly lower than that in pure bamboo forest, but there was no significant differences in soil organic carbon density[(22.54 ± 2.09)t·hm^-2 ] and carbon composition between bamboo-tea mixed forest and pure bamboo forest(P>0.05). Mineral-associated organic carbon(MOC)was(20.13 ± 1.83)g · kg^-1, accounting for 92.66% of total organic carbon. The soil organic carbon density of evergreen broad-leaved forest was 41.15% and 41.00% higher than that of bamboo-tea mixed forest and pure bamboo forest(P>0.05).(2)Soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC)content, 16S rRNA gene abundance, cbbL gene abundance and microbial carbon use efficiency of these forest types were(0.58 - 3.08)g·kg^-1,(2.18×10¹⁰ - 5.65×10¹⁰)copies·g^-1,(0.37×10⁸-1.10×10⁸)copies·g^-1, 0.03 - 0.28, respectively. But there were significant differences about these microbial indicators between three forest types(P>0.05).(3)SOC of the three forest types was significantly negatively correlated with soil pH, gravel content and aboveground litter biomass, and significantly positively correlated with soil clay content, silt content, total nitrogen, C:N, total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen(P<0.05).(4)In terms of different carbon fractions, particulate organic carbon(POC)and MOC were significantly negatively correlated with soil pH, gravel content and root biomass, and significantly positively correlated with soil water content, clay content, silt content, total nitrogen, C:N, total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen(P<0.05). In conclusion, the mixed transformation of bamboo and tea will cause the decrease of understory vegetation diversity in the original pure bamboo forest, but it will not cause the decrease of soil carbon storage; compared with evergreen broad-leaved forest, it is necessary to improve the management measures of bamboo to improve its carbon sink efficiency.]]> 2023/10/14 0:00:00 1,2,3, DING Suya^1,2,3, QIN Yunbin ^1,2,3*, HE Xinnuo^1,2,3, MA Jiangming^1,2,3]]> CAO Yi^1,2,3, DING Suya^1,2,3, QIN Yunbin ^1,2,3*, HE Xinnuo^1,2,3, MA Jiangming^1,2,3 23true Terminalia chebula, Quercus acutissima, Pistacia weinmanniifolia, Hovenia acerba and Ilex wattii. In contrast, the change in the western slope was mild at low elevations, only observing species abundance increasing, which including Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon, Symplocos chinensis, and Taiwania cryptomerioides. Therefore, we speculated that the dynamic changes in species and phylogenetic diversity of the arbor layer of subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest might be related to communities succession process and climatic change in middle and high elevations, while the communities at low elevations were seriously impacted by human activities in Gaoligong Mountains. The results deepen the understanding of the mechanisms of plant community dynamics in Gaoligong Mountains, and provide new insights to guide precise conservation strategies in the region.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1,5,6, MA Liangliang^1,2, GAO Lianming^1,6, WANG Xingjie³, ZHAO Wei⁴, YANG Xingliang⁴, MA Shaobin³, SHI Xiaochun^4*, LIU Jie^1,5*]]> LUO Yahuang^1,5,6, MA Liangliang^1,2, GAO Lianming^1,6, WANG Xingjie³, ZHAO Wei⁴, YANG Xingliang⁴, MA Shaobin³, SHI Xiaochun^4*, LIU Jie^1,5* 22true Hynobius amjiensis National Nature Reserve according to the main forest vegetation types. The species composition and abundance of each species were surveyed in each plot. The logseries model and the lognormal model were fitted to the SAD in each plot, and then the best-fit model was selected based on the corrected Akaike's Information Criteria(AICc). The α value in Gambin model and the η value in Weibull model were calculated to reflect the shape of SAD in each plot. The λ value in Weibull model was calculated to reflect the scale of SAD(i.e., the range observed in abundance). The relationship between altitude and the shape and scale of SAD was analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)The logseries model fitted SAD better than the lognormal model.(2)When all plots were included, there was no significant correlation between SAD shape(α and η)and altitude, but there was a significant positive correlation between the λ value and altitude.(3)There was a negative correlation between altitude and α and η values in the mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests, and there was a significant positive correlation between the α value and altitude in the deciduous broad-leaved forests, while there was no significant correlations between both α value and η value and altitude. The results indicate that the model fitting and shape change of SADs along the environmental gradient are related to the vegetation types of the forest community. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the vegetation types when analyzing the relationship between SAD and impact factors in plant communities.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1*, LIU Weiyong¹, JIN Shanshan², YANG Zhongjie³, LU Yifei⁴, ZHANG Aiying³, YU Mingjian⁴]]> LIU Jinliang^1*, LIU Weiyong¹, JIN Shanshan², YANG Zhongjie³, LU Yifei⁴, ZHANG Aiying³, YU Mingjian⁴ 21true Hynobius amjiensis National Nature Reserve according to the main forest vegetation types. The species composition and abundance of each species were surveyed in each plot. The logseries model and the lognormal model were fitted to the SAD in each plot, and then the best-fit model was selected based on the corrected Akaike's Information Criteria(AICc). The α value in Gambin model and the η value in Weibull model were calculated to reflect the shape of SAD in each plot. The λ value in Weibull model was calculated to reflect the scale of SAD(i.e., the range observed in abundance). The relationship between altitude and the shape and scale of SAD was analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)The logseries model fitted SAD better than the lognormal model.(2)When all plots were included, there was no significant correlation between SAD shape(α and η)and altitude, but there was a significant positive correlation between the λ value and altitude.(3)There was a negative correlation between altitude and α and η values in the mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests, and there was a significant positive correlation between the α value and altitude in the deciduous broad-leaved forests, while there was no significant correlations between both α value and η value and altitude. The results indicate that the model fitting and shape change of SADs along the environmental gradient are related to the vegetation types of the forest community. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the vegetation types when analyzing the relationship between SAD and impact factors in plant communities.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1*, LIU Weiyong¹, JIN Shanshan², YANG Zhongjie³, LU Yifei⁴, ZHANG Aiying³, YU Mingjian⁴]]> LIU Jinliang^1*, LIU Weiyong¹, JIN Shanshan², YANG Zhongjie³, LU Yifei⁴, ZHANG Aiying³, YU Mingjian⁴ 20true 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1, YU Yaohong¹, WU Miaolan¹, WANG Yiying¹, TAO Yuzhu³, LIN Zizhan⁴, ZHOU Qing^1,2, MO Qifeng^1,2*]]> LIU Yue¹, YU Yaohong¹, WU Miaolan¹, WANG Yiying¹, TAO Yuzhu³, LIN Zizhan⁴, ZHOU Qing^1,2, MO Qifeng^1,2* 19true 2 established within the evergreen broad-leaved forest community in the Shiwandashan. Woody plants with diameter at breast height(DBH)≥ 1 cm in the sample plot community were used as the research objects to analyze their species compositions, diameter class structures, tree height structures, and the spatial distribution patterns of dominant species using the g(r) function. The results were as follows:(1)There were 7 517 woody plants with DBH ≥ 1 cm in the community, belonging to 52 families, 108 genera and 153 species. The dominant species in the community were Clethra delavayi, Schima argentea, Hartia villosa, Castanopsis hystrix, Engelhardtia roxburghiana, Ardisia quinquegona, Itea chinensis, Symplocos adenophylla, Eurya subintegra, Ilex pubescens, but the dominant position of dominant species was not obvious.(2)The overall average DBH of the community was 5.51 cm, and the distribution of diameter class and tree height was approximately an inverted “J” shape. The diameter class distribution of dominant species was mostly an inverted “J” or “L” shape, and the community had a large number of small and medium-sized diameter class standing trees, indicating a strong self-renewal ability of the community.(3)Dominant species coexisted stably in the community; the dominant species exhibited aggregated distribution in the sample plot, but there were differences in the location of aggregated distribution among dominant species. Overall, the community is currently in a good state of renewal, with the existence of dominant species in the top level community. However, the community has certain secondary characteristics and has not yet reached a stable top level community state. The dominant species can coexist stably and have the potential to inherit towards a stable top level community. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to strengthen management and promote the renewal and survival of the evergreen broad-leaved forest community in the Shiwandashan areas.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1, LUO Yinghua^1,2,3*, HE Qiaoping¹, QIN Lin¹, LIN Jianyong⁴, LING Yaming⁵]]> JIANG Dongdong¹, LUO Yinghua^1,2,3*, HE Qiaoping¹, QIN Lin¹, LIN Jianyong⁴, LING Yaming⁵ 18true Coix lacryma-jobi constructed wetland was constructed to treat chromium containing wastewater [using domestic sewage(DWS)and 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution(HNS)as simulated solutions containing 0, 20, 40 mg· L^-1 Cr(Ⅵ), respectively]. By using the buried root decomposition method, the decomposition dynamics of residual roots and the transformation pattern of chromium chemical forms were studied. The results were as follows:(1)Under 20 and 40 mg· L^-1 Cr(Ⅵ)stress, the growth of C. lacryma-jobi was inhibited. The plant height and stem diameter of HNS treatment were greater than those of DWS treatment, but the plant height and stem diameter of HNS treatment were more inhibited by Cr(Ⅵ)than those of DWS treatment.(2)The decomposition rate of C. lacryma-jobi residual roots decreased with the increase of Cr(Ⅵ)concentration, and the decomposition rate of HNS treatment was higher than that of DWS treatment. After 60 d of decomposition, under DWS treatment, the residual root chromium content of 20 and 40 mg· L^-1 Cr(Ⅵ)treatment decreased by 11.70% and 8.09% respectively compared with that at the initial stage of root burial, while under HNS treatment, the residual root chromium content decreased by 15.80% and 18.42% respectively. The percentage of residual chromium in C. lacryma-jobi root residues at 20 and 40 mg· L^-1 treatments decreased with the extension of root burial time, while the percentage of ethanol-extracted chromium and deionized water extracted chromium increased, and the percentage of acetic acid bound chromium increased significantly.(3)In the early stage of residue decomposition, the COD, TN, NH₄-N, and total chromium content in the effluents treated with HNS and DWS increased, and then decreased. The trend of change was consistent with the residue decomposition process. HNS treated constructed wetlands were more efficient in removing chromium from wastewater. The research results indicate that after harvesting plants in constructed wetlands, root decomposition can quickly increase the chromium content in the effluent, and appropriately improve the nutritional status in wastewater, which can promote residue decomposition and removal of chromium by wetlands.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1, FANG Zirui¹, PENG Zi², LI Suli¹, CHENG Xiran¹, WANG Xueli¹, LI Zhigang^1*]]> WANG Qianyun¹, FANG Zirui¹, PENG Zi², LI Suli¹, CHENG Xiran¹, WANG Xueli¹, LI Zhigang^1* 17true Taxodium ‘Zhongshanshan 118' on soil microbial ecosystem in Huaihe Plain of north Anhui Province, the differences in soil nutrients levels, microbial communities structures and their influencing factors between the rhizosphere(R)and non-rhizosphere(NR)were analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)The 4-year-old Taxodium ‘Zhongshanshan 118' rhizosphere had a low enrichment capacity for macronutrients, resulting in a deficiency of hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus. The R had similar levels of total nitrogen, and lower levels of total phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium than the NR soil. The R had a strong enrichment ability for microelements(iron, copper, manganese). And the available manganese content in the R was significantly higher than that in the NR. Both the R and the NR soils of Taxodium ‘Zhongshanshan 118' were alkaline. The R had a slightly lower pH and a higher electrical conductivity than the NR. The R had a certain degree of enrichment for available sodium, available magnesium and available calcium, as well as for organic carbon and organic matter.(2)Based on the Anosim analysis of community structure between groups, the R value was 0.224(P=0.022), which was significantly greater than 0, indicating significant differences between the bacterial communities of the R and the NR of Taxodium ‘Zhongshanshan 118'. The total number of OTUs in the R and the NR was 5 283. There were 1 307 unique OTUs in R and 1 265 OTUs in NR.(3)The R had a slightly lower bacterial diversity than the NR. The dominant phylum in both the R and the NR were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Myxococcota, Actinobacteria, and Crenarchaeota. Among them, only Acidobacteriota showed a significant positive correlation with available phosphorus. The R had higher abundances of Firmicutes(17.94%)and Bacteroidetes(5.21%)than the NR(1.84% and 3.90%), respectively. Neither of them had a significant correlation with environmental factors. The R had higher abundances of Clostridia, Bacteroidia and Bacilli than the NR by 14.05%, 1.32% and 2.06%, respectively.(4)The UPGMA clustering analysis showed that R4 was isolated from the other samples. NR4 and NR5 formed a cluster, NR1, NR2 and NR3 clusted with R1, R2, R3 and R5. R4 had lower species diversity and abundance than the other samples, and had an uneven distribution of taxa. In conclusion, despite the weak rhizosphere effect of young Taxodium ‘Zhongshanshan 118', it was the main factor for the enrichment of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the rhizosphere. And more microelements and a moderate amount of macroelements should be applied in the cultivation process.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1, CHEN Hong¹, YANG Xi², HAN Yongyou², XU Chen¹, ZHANG Yuanbing^1*]]> CHENG Yanli¹, CHEN Hong¹, YANG Xi², HAN Yongyou², XU Chen¹, ZHANG Yuanbing^1* 16true Bombax ceiba, and to explore the influence of topographic, soil, and meteorological elements on its growth shape, and to reveal its growth strategy and adaptation mechanism, we studied 230 B. ceiba trees in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve of Yunnan Province and measured six tree shape structure indexes, eight leaf trait indexes, and habitat elements of regional topographic, meteorology, and soil. The effects and explantation of habitat elements on tree shape structure and leaf trait of B. ceiba were analyzed by structural equation model and variation decomposition. The results were as follows:(1)There were correlations among the indexes of tree shape structure and among the indexes of leaf trait(P < 0.05).(2)The observed indexes of habitat elements had a strong influence on the growth indexes of B. ceiba leaves. The mean annual precipitation, slope and average temperature had a higher interpretation rate on the growth indexes of B. ceiba leaves, and were the dominant habitat indexes affecting the growth of B. ceiba.(3)According to the standardized path coefficient, the three habitat elements had the same effects on tree shape structure and leaf trait of B. ceiba, and all of them were in the order of topographic element>meteorological element>soil element.(4)The superposition of three habitat elements explained that tree shape structure and leaf trait were 43.5% and 12.3%, respectively, indicating that the response of tree shape structure to habitat environment was greater than that of leaf trait to environment. The results of this study preliminarily explore the adaptation strategies of different growth indexes to environmental elements of B. ceiba, which provides theoretical basis and practical reference for the cultivation and propagation of B. ceiba in heterogeneous habitats and efficient management of B. ceiba plantation.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1, GAO Manjuan¹, WU Rui¹, ZHANG Yueping¹, CHENG Xiping^1,2*]]> MAO Kaize¹, GAO Manjuan¹, WU Rui¹, ZHANG Yueping¹, CHENG Xiping^1,2* 15true Schima superba from two provenances in southern China were selected. Potted seedlings were subjected to simulated drought and rewatering conditions. Eco-physiological traits(photosynthesis traits, hydraulic traits, non-structural carbohydrates-NSC, proline concentrations-Pro and superoxide dismutase-SOD activity)of seedlings were examined. The results were as follows:(1)Under well-watered condition, stem xylem water potential(Ψ_xylem), leaf relative water content(RWC), photosynthetic rate(A_sat)and stomatal conductance(G_s)were lower in seedlings from Guangdong provenance compared with Fujian provenance.(2)Responses of hydraulic traits, Pro and SOD to drought and rewatering were consistent between the two provenances. Ψ_xylem, RWC and Pro could recover to control values rapidly, while percent of stem xylem embolism and SOD could not recover to control values in the end.(3)A_sat was more sensitive to drought from Fujian provenance than Guangdong provenance, and it took more time to recover to control in Fujian provenance.(4)The recovery rate of NSC from Fujian provenance was faster than Guangdong provenance. Collectively, seedlings from both provenances could not repair their embolized xylem in the short-term rewatering period(30 days). Although photosynthesis rate in Guangdong provenance could recover to control faster than from Fujian provenance, it was lower than that from Fujian provenance. Furthermore, the recovery rate of NSC was slower in Guangdong provenance than Fujian provenance, indicating that growth and survivals of seedlings from Guangdong provenance may experience greater risk in future characterized with increasing drought stress.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1,2,3, ZHAO Nan¹, QIU Wanbin¹, SANG Dongxin¹, HUANG Guomin¹, LIU Wenfei¹, SHEN Fangfang¹, DUAN Honglang^1,4*]]> WANG Defu^1,2,3, ZHAO Nan¹, QIU Wanbin¹, SANG Dongxin¹, HUANG Guomin¹, LIU Wenfei¹, SHEN Fangfang¹, DUAN Honglang^1,4* 14true 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1, QIN Huizhen², SHI Yancai¹, WEI Xiao¹, LÜ Shihong^1*]]> DENG Lili¹, QIN Huizhen², SHI Yancai¹, WEI Xiao¹, LÜ Shihong^1* 13true Podocarpus macrophyllus to different levels of nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), and potassium(K). Using two-year old P. macrophyllus seedlings as the test species, the researchers controlled the gradients of N, P and K nutrient levels using the L9 orthogonal test in the potted soil. The dilution plate coating method and Biolog-ECO microplate method were used to explore the effects of different soil nutrient levels on the amount and community diversity of P. macrophyllus soil microorganisms and their utilization characteristics of six carbon sources. The results were as follows:(1)The number of soil bacteria(P<0.05)and actinomycetes(P<0.001)decreased while the number of fungi(P<0.001)and nitrogen-fixing bacteria(P<0.01)increased significantly when different levels of N were added. Additionally, the Pielou index(P<0.001)of the soil microbial community decreased, and the Simpson index(P<0.05)and McIntosh index(P<0.001)increased with increasing N addition. This reduced the intensity of utilization of six carbon sources by soil microorganisms, especially the intensity of utilization of difficult carbon sources such as amines(P<0.001), carboxylic acids(P<0.001), polymers(P<0.001)and other compounds(P<0.001).(2)The increase in P addition significantly reduced the Shannon index of soil microbial community(P<0.05).(3)The increase in K addition significantly reduced the Shannon index(P<0.05)and Pielou index(P<0.05)of the soil microbial community and the intensity of utilization of two easily available carbon sources, carbohydrates(P<0.001)and amino acids(P<0.01), by the microbial community. In conclusion, N addition and K addition are the main factors affecting the functional diversity of soil microbial communities of P. macrophyllus. Attention should be paid to the cultivation of P. macrophyllus by applying fertilizer in small amounts and multiple times, reducing the addition of N and K, and appropriately increasing the addition of P to promote the growth of P. macrophyllus and its sustainable cultivation.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1, ZHAO Lijun^1*, ZHU Liqiong², HUANG Xiangling¹, WEI Guoyu³]]> LIN Ting¹, ZHAO Lijun^1*, ZHU Liqiong², HUANG Xiangling¹, WEI Guoyu³ 12true +)and weakly([T+P]^-)by temperature and precipitation were smaller.(3)The driving force of changes in vegetation ecological quality change of Guangxi was affected by terrain, soil, vegetation, climate, natural disasters and human activities. The order of explanatory power of natural influencing factors was vegetation > terrain > soil > climate, in which the vegetation net primary productivity and vegetation coverage were the most important factors affecting the spatiotemporal variation of vegetation ecological quality. The effects of natural factors on vegetation ecological quality in Guangxi was interactive, showing a nonlinear enhancement and two-factor enhancement relationship, and the interaction between terrain and vegetation, soil and vegetation, and climate and vegetation were the most obvious. Natural disasters and human activities aggravated the impact of vegetation ecological quality change. Among them, meteorological disasters such as drought and low temperature damage inhibited the improvement of vegetation ecological quality, while human activities such as forestry ecological engineering promoted the improvement of vegetation ecological quality. The research results provide a scientific theoretical reference and technical support for making reasonable measures of vegetation ecological protection and restoration in Guangxi.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 1,2, ZHOU Xiyuan³, MO Weihua^1,2*, CHEN Yanli^1,2]]> MO Jianfei^1,2, ZHOU Xiyuan³, MO Weihua^1,2*, CHEN Yanli^1,2 11true Schefflera arboricola monoculture, Neolamarckia cadamba monoculture, and co-planting of Schefflera arboricola and Neolamarckia cadamba. The dynamic changes in Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg contents in fresh and litter leaves of Schefflera arboricola and Neolamarckia cadamba and their litter leaves yield were analyzed for three months(September, October, and November 2020 )after the surface application of 2%(W/W)sewage sludge(SS). The relationship between the heavy metal contents of fresh and litter leaves and the changes in the heavy metal return amount in litter leaves were further analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)N. cadamba had significantly higher Cu contents in fresh and litter leaves than those of S. arboricola, while had significantly lower Zn and Cd contents than those of S. arboricola.(2)The fresh leaves of S. arboricola had the lowest Zn content and the highest Hg content in November.(3)The fresh leaves of monoculture and co-planting Neolamarckia cadamba had the highest Zn, Cd, and Hg contents in November.(4)The Hg content in the litter leaves of co-planting of N. cadamba increased significantly with the time of SS application, while those of Cu, Zn, and Cd contents showed no significance.(5)The Cd content in fresh leaves was significantly and positively correlated with the Hg and Cd contents of litter leaves in Schefflera arboricola in both September and November.(6)The highest yield of litter leaves and the highest return amount of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg in S. arboricola occurred one month after SS application(September), while those in Neolamarckia cadamba occurred two months after SS application(October). In summary, the application time of SS showed a greater effect on the heavy metal contents in fresh leaves of N. cadamba and Schefflera arboricola than those in litter leaves; there was a positive correlation between the Cd content in the fresh leaves and the Cd and Hg contents in the litter leaves of S. arboricola; the heavy metal pollution risk of the litter leaves of S. arboricola and Neolamarckia cadamba was easy to occur in one month(September)and two months(October)after SS application, respectively. This study provides a reference for safe SS utilization and reasonable litter disposal in the landscape.]]> 2024/6/5 11:30:13 *]]> BAO Li'an, DONG Xiaoquan, LAI Mingli, ZHU Huijun, WU Jiaxi, ZENG Shucai, WU Daoming^* 10true Lobaria retigera in subtropical montane moist evergreen broad-leaved forests of the Ailao Mountains, Yunnan Province, southwest China. Using ¹⁵N natural abundance analysis, the N transfer between the cyanolichens and epiphytes and its impact on the nutrients of epiphytes were investigated. The results were as follows:(1)Cyanolichens significantly transferred N to epiphytes, contributing 26.18% and 35.15% of N to bryophytes and ferns, respectively.(2)The presence of cyanolichens enhanced the ability of phosphorus(P)acquisition in bryophytes, thereby significantly reducing their N:P ratio, while no significant response was observed in ferns.(3)N transfer from cyanolichens to ferns was primarily influenced by the growth direction of the cyanolichens and the diameter at breast height of the host tree, while N transfer to bryophytes was mainly affected by the growth direction and coverage of the cyanolichens. In conclusion, cyanolichens play a crucial role in supplying N to coexisting epiphyte communities and alleviating N limitation in subtropical forests. This study provides evidence for understanding the formation and maintenance of epiphyte biodiversity in more stressful canopy habitats.]]> 2025/8/29 21:28:38 1,2, PU Xiaoyan^1,3, HU Xiaowen⁴, LU Zhiyun^1,4, LI Su^1*]]> SUN Wei^1,2, PU Xiaoyan^1,3, HU Xiaowen⁴, LU Zhiyun^1,4, LI Su^1* 9true P<0.05)was observed in GPP across all vegetation ecosystems in Southwest China, with the cropland ecosystem experiencing the highest increase rate, and the grassland ecosystem, the lowest.(2)At the regional scale, temperature had a positive direct, indirect, and comprehensive impact on vegetation GPP, whereas precipitation exerted a negative influence. Temperature had the most significant direct impact on grassland ecosystem GPP, while precipitation's direct impact was the greatest on cropland ecosystem GPP.(3)At the pixel scale, temperature's influence on GPP changes in Southwest China and its individual ecosystems was stronger than that of precipitation. Temperature directly dominated 54.89% of the changes in vegetation GPP. In summary, a considerable proportion of vegetation ecosystems in Southwest China shows positive changes in GPP, with temperature's direct effect being the primary driver of GPP variations across these ecosystems. These findings provide valuable insights for formulating regionally adaptive ecological restoration and management policies amidst global climate change.]]> 2025/8/29 21:28:38 *]]> XIE Zongyin, LI Zhenxi^* 8true Pinus yunnanensis, native to southwest China, is widely used as a pioneer species for afforestation. Large areas of P. yunnanensis natural forests and plantations provide abundant forestry resources, playing a key role in forestry construction and sustainable development. However, the high oil content and low ignition point of P. yunnanensis make it susceptible to frequent wildfires, especially with the intensification of global change. To investigate the community composition, spatial distribution and associations of dominant species in early post-fire regeneration of P. yunnanensis forests, a 1 hm² dynamic monitoring plot of P. yunnanensis forest was established in Jizu Mountain, Yunnan Province, following the standard protocol of the Forest Global Earth Observatory. This area was a subtropical semi-humid evergreen broad-leaved forest 40 years ago. Community composition and diameter structures based on census data were analyzed. The g(r)function was used to analyze the spatial patterns and associations between P. yunnanensis in different diameter classes and dominant woody plants with different leaf habits. The results were as follows:(1)There were 3 088 individuals(DBH≥1cm), belonging to 30 species from 14 families and 21 genera, including 23 evergreen and 7 deciduous species in 1 hm² dynamic plot.(2)The diameter structure of P. yunnanensis and Populus adenopoda was skew-normal and belonged to stable populations. While the diameter structure of Viburnum cylindricum, Pinus armandii and Pieris formosa was inverted “J” type,indicating successful regeneration of with a higher number of small-diameter individuals. This suggested that they might eventually replace P. yunnanensis forests.(3)The spatial distribution of P. yunnanensis at three developmental stages(saplings, juveniles, adults)was mainly aggregated, and the distribution of adults may shift from aggregated to random or uniform distribution patterns as the scale increases.(4)The saplings of P. yunnanensis were mainly positively correlated with juvenile and adult trees, while juvenile and adult trees were uncorrelated, indicating that a healthy relationship within the P. yunnanensis population. Additionally, P. yunnanensis showed negative or no correlation with the dominant evergreen and deciduous plants, indicating that competition for limited resources such as light and water. In summary, the structure of the P. yunnanensis community is stable, and P. yunnanensis remaining the dominant species in the early stage of community succession. The spatial distribution of its different developmental stages is dominated by aggregation. However, the distribution of adults may shift to random or uniform distributions in the future, reflecting cumulative effects of negative density-dependence. Positive spatial associations between different diameter classes are also an important feature in the early stage of community succession. However, as succession progresses, evergreen plants may replace the dominant position of P. yunnanensis, leading the community towards a subtropical semi-humid evergreen broad-leaved forest.]]> 2025/8/29 21:28:38 1, ZHANG Caicai^1*, DENG Yun^2*, ZHANG Churan^2,3, SU Weihan², LI Shengfa⁴, LI Fengchang⁴, TANG Zhizhong⁴, LIN Luxiang^2,5]]> LI Jinjie¹, ZHANG Caicai^1*, DENG Yun^2*, ZHANG Churan^2,3, SU Weihan², LI Shengfa⁴, LI Fengchang⁴, TANG Zhizhong⁴, LIN Luxiang^2,5 7true Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica at different stand ages, this study focused on middle-aged(33 a), mature(48 a), and overmature(64 a)P. sylvestris var. mongolica stands, and analyzed the growth patterns(basal area increment, BAI)of these stands during the 2003—2022. In addition, the Climwin model was used to determine the temperature and precipitation seasonal windows with the strongest influence on growth at different stand ages. The results were as follows:(1)BAI significantly increased from 2003 to 2022.(2)The July-August mean temperature had the strongest influence on the growth of middle-aged stand. When the July-August mean temperature reached 23.7 ℃, the growth-climate relationship of middle-aged stand turned from positive to negative; precipitation from last November to current May showed the strongest impact on both middle-aged and mature stands. The thresholds of precipitation at which the growth-climate relationship of middle-aged and mature stands shifted from positive to negative were 124 mm and 122 mm, respectively.(3)The temperature had no significant impact on the growth of mature stand; conversely, the temperature in the current July and the precipitation from last August to current May were positively correlated with the growth of overmature stand.(4)Precipitation proved to be more important than temperature across all stand ages, with relative importance increasing as the stands aged. Therefore, in the context of a warming and drying climate trend, developing forest management strategies that consider water balance and vary with stand age will facilitate the growth of P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations.]]> 2025/8/29 21:28:38 1,2, LI Ying², WANG Guochen³, ZHANG Fan², ZHOU Yanping⁴, WANG Lina¹, WANG Sainan², ZHAO Xiaoliang^1,2*]]> HAN Yangang^1,2, LI Ying², WANG Guochen³, ZHANG Fan², ZHOU Yanping⁴, WANG Lina¹, WANG Sainan², ZHAO Xiaoliang^1,2* 6true R² >0.70,P<0.001).(3)The correlation between the simulated and measured GPPs of the TG model was higher than that of the VI model, and the simulation error of the TG model was the smallest in the regenerated evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem(SymboloC@RESymboloC@< 2%). In conclusion, both models have the potential to be applied in two typical forests in the central subtropics, and the simulation effect of the TG model is better than that of the VI model.]]> 2025/8/29 0:00:00 1,2,3, GU Daxing^2,3*, QIN Jiashuang^2,3, NI Longkang^2,3, REN Shiqi^4,5]]> JIA Yuwei^1,2,3, GU Daxing^2,3*, QIN Jiashuang^2,3, NI Longkang^2,3, REN Shiqi^4,5 5true Delphinium caeruleum, a typical alpine plant species in the alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. By using an open top chamber(OTC)for warming treatment, the effects of warming on the flowering phenology, biomass allocation patterns, typical floral characteristics, and reproductive success of D. caeruleum were investigated, as well as changes in pollinator visiting behavior and pollination efficiency. The results were as follows:(1)Warming advanced the flowering phenology of D. caeruleum and significantly reduced individual flowering duration and floral longevity.(2)After warming, the resource investment to vegetative growth increased, resulting in taller plant height. However, the reproductive allocation reduced, leading to decrease in flower diameter, nectar spur length, pollen vitality and nectar volume.(3)Bombus sushikini was the only effective pollinator of Delphinium caeruleum, and it exhibited shortened per-flower visit duration and reduced pollen deposition per visit due to post-warming floral trait alterations. These changes consequently decreased pollination efficiency and ultimately exerted negative impacts on reproductive success. This study reveals the evolution of reproductive characteristics of D. caeruleum and its altered interactions with pollinators under global climate warming. These results provides a reference for clarifying the ecological effects of climate change on plant reproductive progresses.]]> 2025/8/29 21:28:38 1, ZHANG Xinran¹, AN Yumeng¹, GENG Jiacheng¹, ZHANG Chan^1*, ZHOU Huakun^2*]]> ZHAO Suya¹, ZHANG Xinran¹, AN Yumeng¹, GENG Jiacheng¹, ZHANG Chan^1*, ZHOU Huakun^2* 4true χ²)statistic, association coefficient and matching coefficient were used to analyze the interspecific association relationship of the community. The stability of the community was determined by the improved M. Godron stability measurement method. The results were as follows:(1)Heptapleurum heptaphyllum had the highest importance value, and Aporosa dioica had the largest niche width. The total niche similarity and overlap among these main species were generally low, among which Machilus chinensis - Eurya nitida had the highest niche similarity and overlap index(0.69 and 0.87, respectively).(2)The overall association of the main species was a significant positive association, but the significant rate of association test between species pairs was 3.81%.(3)The intersection point of the fitted curve with line segment y = 100-x was(39.80, 60.20), and the Euclidean distance from the stable point(20, 80)was 28.00, which indicates that the community of the secondary tropical rainforest along the main stream of the Nandu River is unstable. In conclusion, the secondary tropical rainforest of the main stream of the Nandu River is in the key stage of transition from pre-successional to mid-successional. In order to maintain and enhance the stability of the community of the secondary tropical rainforest, we should take measures to close hillsides to facilitate for afforestation and reduce human disturbance. The study provides the data basis for promoting the protection and restoration of secondary tropical rainforests and enhancing the stability of watershed ecosystems.]]> 2025/8/29 21:28:38 *, MU Xiaodong]]> HOU Dejia, ZUO Yongling, LAN Caixin, HU Xiaofei^*, MU Xiaodong 3true Pinus yunnanensis forest in central Yunnan Plateau, and their main driving factors, the detritus imput and removal treatments(DIRT)was applied. Six different litter treatments were established: normal litter imput(control, CK), no root(NR), no litter(NL), double litters(DL), no input(NI), and organic and A horizons removed(OA). The effect of different litter imputs on the soil microbial community structure and function in P. yunnanensis forest was investigated by utilizing Illumina HiSeq sequencing technology combined with PICRUSt2 and FUNGuild functional prediction. Furthermore, redundancy analysis was employed to elucidate the driving factors behind these changes in the soil microbial community structure and function. The results were as follows:(1)There were differences in the composition of bacterial and fungal communities among different litter treatments, with significant differences in the fungal communities. The NL treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Russula, while the NL, NI and OA considerably decreased the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota and Mortierella.(2)The litter treatments significantly affected the α diversity of the bacteria and fungi, as well as the fungal β diversity. The NR and NI treatments increased the bacterial α diversity(Ace and Chao), while the NR, NL and NI treatments significantly decreased the fungal α diversity(Shannon), and reducing the CK had a greater impact on the fungal β diversity.(3)The litter treatments markedly altered the fungal functional groups. Moreover, the NL and NR treatments enhanced the ectomycorrhizal abundance, while the NR, NL, NI and OA treatments decreased the abundance of endophyte-litter saprotroph-soil saprotroph-undefined saprotroph; the OA treatment significantly increased the ericoid mycorrhizal abundance.(4)Correlation analysis results revealed that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and pH were closely related to the structural and functional changes of the bacterial community in Pinus yunnanensis forest, while total phosphorus, total potassium and pH were closely related to the structural and functional changes of the fungal community. In conclusion, compared to the litter addition treatments, the reduction of litter imput has a more significant effect on the soil microbial community structure, diversity and function, particularly on the fungi compared to the bacteria. These effects are closely associated with the alterations of soil carbon and nitrogen inputs and chemical properties. This study provides critical insights for predicting soil ecosystem functionality and stability under global changes and human activities.]]> 2025/8/29 21:28:38 1, LI Jianqiang^2*, LIU Fangyan², YANG Shuyuan², YAN Huiying², ZHAO Siqian²]]> LIU Yanjiao¹, LI Jianqiang^2*, LIU Fangyan², YANG Shuyuan², YAN Huiying², ZHAO Siqian² 2true Quercus species are pivotal components of temperate forests, yet their photosynthetic performance and distribution under warming conditions remain insufficiently studied. This paper focuses on Quercus liaotungensis, Q. coccinea, and Q. rubra, investigating their photosynthetic system's adaptability to high temperature at both canopy and leaf levels and its influence on geographic distribution patterns. The results were as follows:(1)Significant variation in high-temperature adaptability among the three Quercus species, which directly impacted their geographic distribution patterns.(2)At the canopy level, Q. liaotungensis exhibited stronger photosynthetic capacity under high temperature, indicating robust adaptability to high temperatures.(3)At the leaf level, its photosystem Ⅱ(PS Ⅱ)showed enhanced stability under high temperature, particularly in the electron transfer chain from PS Ⅱ to photosystem Ⅰ(PS Ⅰ). In contrast, Q. coccinea and Q. rubra demonstrated weaker adaptability to high temperature, with significant declines in photochemical activity under high temperature. Overall, the high-temperature response mechanisms of three Quercus species determine their temperature adaptability, thereby influencing their geographic distribution patterns. This study offers a novel perspective on predicting changes in the distribution patterns of Quercus species under climate change, emphasizing the critical role of photosynthesis in species adaptability and its theoretical significance for the evolution of temperate forest ecosystems and forest management.]]> 2025/8/29 21:28:38 1, ZHOU Shuai^{2, 3*}]]> WANG Limin¹, ZHOU Shuai^{2, 3*} 1true