-1, respectively. TTS could reduce blood uric acid level and xanthine oxidase activity in hypoxanthine and oxonic acid potassium salt combination-induced hyperuricemic mice, and the blood uric acid values in normal group, model group and TTS high dose group were(140.4±36.7),(378.3±69.7),(278.3±62.6)μmol·L^-1, respectively. The xanthine oxidase values in the normal, model and TTS low, medium and high dose groups were(1.2±0.3),(1.8±0.2),(1.6±0.2),(1.5±0.3),(1.3±0.4)U·g^-1 liver, respectively. TTS reduced blood uric acid levels and decreased xanthine oxidase activity in mice with hyperuricemia induced by the combination of uric acid and oxonic acid potassium salt, and the blood uric acid values in normal group, model group and TTS high dose group were(98.8±21.8),(455.6±78.8),(333.7±68.7)μmol·L^-1, respectively. The xanthine oxidase values in the normal, model and TTS high dose groups were(2.1±0.3),(2.5±0.2),(2.3±0.2)U·g^-1 liver, respectively. The above results suggest that TTS does not affect blood uric acid levels in normal mice, but can reduce blood uric acid levels in mice in a hyperuric acid model, and the mechanism may be related to the reduction of xanthine oxidase activity.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 *]]> YANG Ziming, ZHANG Li, LIU Jinlei, LI Dianpeng^* 14true Sophora tonkinensis from the Leguminosae family, is one of the most important and famous traditional Chinese medicine in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and also distributed in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. According to the “Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020”, Shandougen is used for clearing heat, removing toxicity, relieving sore throat and detumescence. In order to develop and utilize the aerial parts of S. tonkinensis more reasonably and scientifically, the studies for chemical constituents and their tyrosinase inhibitory activities of the aerial parts of S. tonkinensis were performed. Some modern chromatographic methods for the separation of chemical constituents were carried out, such as high-performance liquid chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, MCI gel CHP 20P column chromatography, silica gel column chromatography, and thin layer chromatography. The structures of the pure compounds were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data, including the spectra of HR-ESI-MS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. In addition, the isolated compounds were evaluated for their tyrosinase inhibitory activities through modern pharmacological methods. The results were as follows:(1)Ten compounds were separated from the aerial parts of S. tonkinensis and their structures were identified as salicylic acid(1), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(2), luteolin(3), 8-prenylkeamferol(4), quercetin(5), daidzein(6), formononetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(7), formononetin(8), tectorigenin(9), and genistein(10). All these compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of S. tonkinensis for the first time;(2)Compounds 4, 7 and 9 showed strong inhibitory effects toward tyrosinase after the evaluation for their biological activity. Particularly, Compound 4 showed the strongest inhibitory activity with the IC₅₀ value of(1.58 ± 0.31)× 10^-5 mol·L^-1. Compounds 4, 7 and 9 could be a potential tyrosinase inhibitor after the analysis of bioactivity results. The above results enrich the previous studies on the chemical constituents and biological activities of the aerial parts of S. tonkinensis, further providing the scientific basis for the development and utilization of the non-medicinal parts of this herb.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 *]]> YANG Bingyuan, HE Ruijie, WANG Yafeng, HUANG Yonglin^* 13true -1 LPS and 100 μmol·l^-1 PA to establish a diabetic inflammation model of mouse macrophages RAW 264.7, and used qRT-PCR to detect the expression of inflammatory factor TNF-α mRNA in cells at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 h. The results were as follows:(1)The synergistic effect of LPS(1 ng· μL^-1)and PA(100 μmol· L^-1)on macrophage RAW 264.7 was the best at 24 h.(2)After mouse macrophages were induced with 1 ng·μL^-1 LPS and 100 μmol·L^-1 PA for 12 h, and treated with 20 μmol·L^-1 mogroside IIE for 12 h, qRT-PCR result showed that 20 μmol·L^-1 mogroside IIE treatment for 12 h could significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factor TNF-α mRNA induced by LPS and PA, indicating that mogroside IIE can effectively reduce the inflammation level of macrophages. In conclusion, mogroside IIE may play a certain role in the treatment of diabetes, which provides a reference for the proposal of new strategies for the treatment of diabetes.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 1, XIAO Juan¹, LI Aili^2*]]> HUANG Kai¹, XIAO Juan¹, LI Aili^2* 12true Sophora tonkinensis, a shrub of the Leguminosae family, is widespread in Southwest China.The root of S. tonkinensis, “ShanDouGen” in Chinese, is often used to treat inflammation of stomach, gingiva, throat, lung, and other parts. In order to make full use of S. tonkinensis, a pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography(PZRCCC)method is established to separate and prepare alkaloids from its aerial parts. CH₂Cl₂-CH₃OH-H₂O(5:3:2, V/V)was selected as the solvent system of PZRCCC, 20 mmol·L^-1 HCl was added to the upper aqueous stationary phase as a retainer and 10 mmol·L^-1 triethylamine(TEA)to the organic mobile phase as an eluter. The structures of the isolates were elucidated by HRMS and NMR data. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the isolates was determined by PNPG method. A total of 183 mg matrine and 404 mg oxymatrine were obtained from 1.2 g total alkaloids. The purity of matrine and oxymatrine were 98.7% and 98.2%, respectively, as determined by HPLC. Both matrine and oxymatrine had weak inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase with IC₅₀ values of(724.60±90.93)mg·L^-1and(115.90±14.05)mg·L^-1, respectively. The present study demonstrated PZRCCC is a simple and efficient method for the separation of alkaloids from the aerial part of S. tonkinensis, although finding a suitable solvent system is a time-consuming procedure.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 1, 2, HUANG Yonglin², HE Ruijie², WANG Yafeng², YANG Bingyuan², LI Dianpeng², SI Hongbin^1*]]> LIANG Senlin^{1, 2}, HUANG Yonglin², HE Ruijie², WANG Yafeng², YANG Bingyuan², LI Dianpeng², SI Hongbin^1* 11true Ardisia gigantifolia is a common Chinese medicinal material in Southwest China, which is widely used in food stewing and medicinal bath. In recent years, the leaves of A. gigantifolia have been developed to make tea, which has effectively broadened the way of application. In order to clarify the nutritional value of A. gigantifolia leaves, we used the national standard method to analyze and evaluate the mineral elements, general nutrients, amino acids and active components of leaves of A. gigantifolia cultivated for different years. The results were as follows:(1)The leaves of A. gigantifolia contained rich mineral nutrition, which had the characteristics of high potassium and low sodium food. The contents of P, Fe, Mn and Zn in leaves of 1-year-old plants were significantly higher than those of 2-4-year-old plants(P < 0.05).(2)The contents of general nutrients and amino acids of A. gigantifolia leaves were higher, and there were significant differences with different cultivated years. The contents of vitamin C, total sugar and amino acid in leaves of 4-year-old plants were significantly higher than those of 1-3-year-old plants(P<0.05).(3)The leaves of A. gigantifolia were rich in phenols and saponins, while the contents of flavonoids were low. The contents of total saponins in leaves of 1-year-old plants and total phenols in leaves of 4-year-old plants were significantly higher than those in plants of other cultivated years(P < 0.05). All the above results indicate that the mineral nutrition and saponins are the highest in 1-year-old of A. gigantifolia plants, and the total contents of general nutrition, amino acids and phenols are the highest in 4-year-old. Compared with common fruits(except for fat), vegetables and tea, leaves of A. gigantifolia have higher nutritional value and better development and utilization prospects.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 1, LIANG Yingyi², SUN Feifei³, ZHAO Jian^1*]]> TANG Fengluan¹, LIANG Yingyi², SUN Feifei³, ZHAO Jian^1* 10true Ardisia gigantifolia is an important ethnic medicine in South China, and its secondary metabolites, triterpenoid saponins, have various medicinal effects. In order to understand the changes of triterpenoid saponin contents and the regulation of genes related to biosynthesis pathway, a comparative study was carried out between the different tissue groups and different exogenous hormone groups with different contents of triterpene saponins. The results were as follows:(1)There were significant differences in the content of triterpene saponins in both different tissue sites and exogenous hormone treatments, the content of root tissue was significantly higher than that of leaf tissue, and the contents of salicylic acid(SA)and methyl jasmonate(MeJA)after exogenous spray treatment were lower than that of the control group(CK).(2)qRT-PCR results of these two difference comparison groups showed that AkPMD, AkHDS, AkSS, AkSM, P450 family and UGT family genes related to triterpenoid saponins synthesis were all up-regulated in root tissues compared with leaf tissues. In addition, SA and MeJA treatments resulted in up-regulation of genes in upstream, including AkPMD, AkHDS, AkSS and AkSM, while down-regulation of genes involved in the P450 family and UGT family in downstream. Therefore, by comparing the two different expression patterns in different tissue sites and different exogenous hormone treatments, it is suggested that the synthesis of A. gigantifolia triterpenoid saponins may be more related to the downstream specially modified enzymes in both of these two expression modes.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 1,2, LI Ji^2,3, ZHAO Liyun^1,3, LUO Ming^1,3, CHEN Hongfeng^1,3*]]> LEI Yuyang^1,2, LI Ji^2,3, ZHAO Liyun^1,3, LUO Ming^1,3, CHEN Hongfeng^1,3* 9true Clerodendranthus spicatus. With the aid of activity tracing, the compounds were isolated from the anti-inflammatory active fractions of C. spicatus through various separation methods including column chromatography on silica gel, MCI and HPLC. Their chemical structures were identified by analyzing their spectra data and comparing with published literatures. The inflammatory cell model, built by LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, was used to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects. The results were as follows:(1)Ten compounds were obtained from anti-inflammatory active fractions and their structures were identified as paulownin(1), salvigenin(2), bis-(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate(3), N-(N-benzoy-L-phenylalany)-L-phenylalanol(4), fragransin B₁(5), 6,7,8,4'-tetramethoxyflavone(6), N-trans-feruloyltyramine(7), N-cis-feruloyltyramine(8), trans-N-cinnamoyltyramine(9), neoechinulin A(10), respectively. Compounds 1, 4, 8-10 were obtained from this plant for the first time.(2)The anti-inflammatory test results showed that the anti-inflammatory constituents of C. spicatus mainly existed in the mid-low polarity extract. Most of compounds showed certain inhibition effects on NO production. Among them, amides(7-9)also showed better anti-inflammatory effects, indicating that amides are one of main anti-inflammatory constituents of C. spicatus. This study enriches the material basis of anti-inflammatory of C. spicatus, and also provides a scientific basis for its development and utilization.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 1,2, PAN Zhenghong², FU Yuxia², NING Desheng^2*, LI Lianchun², HAI Hong¹]]> LI Yipeng^1,2, PAN Zhenghong², FU Yuxia², NING Desheng^2*, LI Lianchun², HAI Hong¹ 8true Talaromyces sp. YX-001 derived from mangrove Thespesia populnea. The strain was fermented and cultured with 2% salinity PDB medium, and then subjected to silica gel column chromatography, semi-preparative HPLC, Sephadex LH-20, ODS and recrystallization. Nine compounds were identified using modern spectral techniques such as MS and 1/2D NMR, and comparing with literature data. All isolates were evaluated for their AChE inhibitory activities using ellman's colorimetric method. The results were as follows:(1)Nine compounds were identified as asterrelenin(1), aszonalenin(2), cladosporisteroid C(3), sitosterol(4), ergosterol(5), cyclo-Ile-Pro-diketopiperazine(6), cyclo(-Pro-Val)(7), 4-methoxy-2-methylisoquinolin-1-one(8), and allantoin(9).(2)The activities results showed that compounds 1 and 2 displayed moderate acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 81.5 and 105.8 μmol·L^-1, while other compounds did not display significant inhibitory activities(IC₅₀ > 200 μmol·L^-1). In this paper, the secondary metabolites and AChE inhibitory activities of endophytic fungi derive from T. populnea were studied for the first time, which lay a solid foundation for the subsequent development of endophytic fungi resources from T. populnea.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 1, ZHANG Yi^1,2,3, FENG Yunkai¹, LIAO Qingnan¹, HU Xueqiong¹, LIU Yayue^1,2,3*]]> XUE Xinyi¹, ZHANG Yi^1,2,3, FENG Yunkai¹, LIAO Qingnan¹, HU Xueqiong¹, LIU Yayue^1,2,3* 7true Olea europaea pomace. The antioxidant abilities of different extracts from O. europaea pomace was determined by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical(DPPH·)scavenging method. Furthermore, the antioxidant compounds were extracted with solvents, isolated by various column chromatography(silica gel, ODS and Sephadex LH-20), and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum(NMR). The results were as follows:(1)The ethyl acetate extracts of O. europaea pomace exhibited potent antioxidant activity, characterized with half-inhibitory concentration(IC₅₀)at 119.11 μg·mL^-1 to scavenge DPPH·.(2)Seventeen compounds, gallic acid(1), hydroxytyrosol(2), protocatechuic acid(3), tyrosol(4), catechin(5), vanillic acid(6), caffeic acid(7), vanillin(8), syringic acid(9), cynaroside(10), oleuropein(11), eugenol(12), quercetin(13), luteolin(14), rutin(15), maslinic acid(16), oleanolic acid(17), were isolated from the antioxidant parts of O. europaea pomace. Among them, compounds 1, 6, 7, 9, and 15 were isolated from O. europaea pomace for the first time. The study identify the material basis of O. europaea pomace against oxidative stress, which provides a reference for its development and high-value application.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 1,2, WANG Hudie^1,2, PEI Dong^2,3, HUANG Xinyi², DI Duolong^1,2,3*]]> CHEN Genzhen^1,2, WANG Hudie^1,2, PEI Dong^2,3, HUANG Xinyi², DI Duolong^1,2,3* 6true Citrus maxima cv. Mansailong from Xishuangbanna,C. sinensis Osbeck from Yuanjiang, and C. aurantiifolia from Dehong in Yunnan. Essential oils of peels of C. maxima cv. Mansailong from Xishuangbanna,C. sinensis Osbeck from Yuanjiang, and C. aurantiifolia from Dehong were extracted by steam distillation, qualitative and quantitative component analysis were carried out by GC-MS, and the inhibition of tumor proliferation by pericarp essential oil was studied by MTT method. The results were as follows: the extraction rate of essential oil from C. aurantiifolia was the highest, followed by that from C. sinensis Osbeck, and the lowest from C. maxima cv. Mansailong. And 24, 11 and 13 components were identified from essential oils of peels of C. maxima cv. Mansailong from Xishuangbanna, C. sinensis Osbeck from Yuanjiang, and C. aurantiifolia from Dehong, respectively. Myrcene and terpinene were the common components of the three essential oils. Both C. maxima cv. Mansailong and C. sinensis Osbeck essential oil contained active monomers compounds in β-pinene and 3, 7-dimethyl-1, 6-octadiene-3-alcohol, limonene, α-terpineol, and important spice ingredients, dimethyl benzyl acetate and methyl dihydrojasmonate, C. maxima cv. Mansailong essential oil contained limonene up to 72.097%, citral was the active ingredient in C. aurantiifolia from Dehong essential oil. Three essential oils showed certain anti-tumor activities against MKN-45 cell line of gastric cancer, MCF-7 cell line of human breast cancer and HCT-116 cell line of colorectal cancer in a dose-dependent manner. The results provide scientific reference for the development and utilization of the three endemic Cirtus L. in Yunnnan.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 2, CHEN Bo³, SHI Jianlian⁴, MA Hailing¹, XI Yangyanbin⁵, LIU Jia^1*]]> LI Yu², CHEN Bo³, SHI Jianlian⁴, MA Hailing¹, XI Yangyanbin⁵, LIU Jia^1* 5true Tripterygium wilfordii and evaluate its anti-tumor activity. This study used column chromatography, HPLC and other separation materials and techniques. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 12 compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extract of T. wilfordii, and according to the physicochemical properties and spectral data, the structures of the compounds were identified as α,β-amyrenone(1), 3β-acetoxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid(2), antriptolactone(3), ω-hydroxypropioquaiacone(4), 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propenal(5), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenylethanol(6), vanillin(7), 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenol(8), p-hydroxybenzoic acid(9), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(10), vanillyl alcohol(11)and 2, 6-dimethxy-1, 4-benzoquinone(12). Among them, compounds 1, 2, 5 and 12 were isolated from this genus for the first time.(2)In terms of biological activity, their anti-tumor activities in vitro were screened for the SH-SY5Y cell line, K562 cell line and Hel cell line by MTT method, and Compound 12 with better activity was subjected to Hoechst fluorescent staining to detect its pro-apoptotic effect. The results showed that compounds 2, 3, 5 and 12 had certain anti-tumor activity, of which Compound 12 had the most significant anti-tumor activity(IC₅₀ values of SH-SY5Y,Hel,K562 were 35.6,14.3,28.8 μmol·L^-1). This study further enriches the chemical components of T. wilfordii, and discoveres a monomer substance with obvious anti-tumor activity, which provides a scientific basis for the further development of T. wilfordii.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 1,2,3, DING Tongtong^1,2,3, LI Jiang^1,2, DENG Lulu^1,2, WU Shuyan², MU Shuzhen^1,2*]]> HU Dan^1,2,3, DING Tongtong^1,2,3, LI Jiang^1,2, DENG Lulu^1,2, WU Shuyan², MU Shuzhen^1,2* 4true Sida szechuensis is a traditional medicine used by Dai people to treat various diseases such as furuncle, pruritus, bruise and wounds, in Xishuangbanna, Southwest, China. The chemical constituents from the aerial parts of S. szechuensis and their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro was investigated in this study. Multiple techniques, such as column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, semi-preparative HPLC, were used to isolate and purify compounds. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and NMR spectral data. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their nitric oxide(NO)inhibitory effects in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The results were as follows: A total of 16 compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract and identified as kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside(2), quercetin(3), 20-hydroxyecdysone(4), α-ecdysone(5), 22-deoxyecdysterone(6), abutasterone(7), pterosterone(8), icariside E₅ (9), icariside E₃ (10),(+)-syringaresinol(11), pinringaresinol(12), balanophonin B(13), N-trans-feruloyl tyramine(14),(-)-loliolide(15), and palmitic acid(16). Compounds 1-3, 9-13, and 16 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The anti-inflammatory results showed that except for compounds 1, 4 and 5, all other tested compounds had NO inhibitory activities at the concentration of 50 μmol·L^-1. Especially, compounds 2, 3, 11-14 demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activities, with fifty percent NO inhibition concentration(IC₅₀)at 18.63, 40.76, 21.46, 14.32, 16.82, 42.31 μmol·L^-1, respectively. The results enrich the chemical constituents of S. szechuensis, clary the material basis of its anti-inflammatory effect, verify the scientificity of its traditional usage, and provide new insight and scientific evidence for its further development and utilization in medicine industry.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 1,2, SHI Xiaocui^1,2, SUN Peng^1,2, LU Jianmei^1,2, SONG Xingzhen^1,2, JIA Hiuzhen^1,2, WU Min^1,2, XU Youkai^1*]]> LUO Mingchu^1,2, SHI Xiaocui^1,2, SUN Peng^1,2, LU Jianmei^1,2, SONG Xingzhen^1,2, JIA Hiuzhen^1,2, WU Min^1,2, XU Youkai^1* 3true Rosa roxburghii. The chemical constituents of fresh R. roxburghii rhizome were studied by separation and purification technology, and their structures were identified through physicochemical properties and spectral data. The inflammatory model of RAW 264.7 induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in vitro was established. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay, the release of inflammatory factor NO in the cell culture medium was detected by Griess method and the anti-inflammatory activity of each compound was evaluated through the kit. The results were as follows:(1)Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified as kaji-ichigoside F1(1), rosamultin(2), euscaphicacid(3), β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2a→1b)-2a-O-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-(2b→1c)-2b-O-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-(2c→1d)-2c-O-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-(2d→1e)-2d-O-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-(2e→1f)-2e-O-β-L-arabinopyranoside(4), catechin(5), 3-O-methylellagic acid-4'-O-β-D-xylopyranoside(6), 3-O-methylellagic acid-4'-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(7), tormentic acid(8), betulinic acid(9), spinosic acid(10), arjunic acid(11), β-sitosterol(12), β-daucosterol(13), α-tocopherol(14)and n-hexacosane(15). Compounds 4, 6 and 7 were isolated from R. roxburghii for the first time.(2)The results of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity showed that compounds 1-7 significantly inhibited LPS induced NO production from RAW 264.7 in a dose-dependent manner, anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1-7 were showed better, and the IC₅₀ values were 25.07, 24.56, 17.65, 9.87, 16.67, 40.83 and 34.98 μmol·L^-1, respectively(dexamethasone as positive control 22.46 μmol·L^-1 ), among which compounds 3, 4 and 5 were slightly better than dexamethasone. The results indicate that triterpenoids, ellagic acids, flavonoids and oligosaccharides from R. roxburghii are the main effective components and verify its anti-inflammatory effects in folk application.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:07 1,2,3, LI Liangqun^1,2, WANG Li^1,2, ZHOU Lang^1,2, YANG Xiaosheng^1,2*]]> LIANG Yong^1,2,3, LI Liangqun^1,2, WANG Li^1,2, ZHOU Lang^1,2, YANG Xiaosheng^1,2* 2true Hypericum lagarocladum. The aerial part of this species was extracted with 80% ethanol, and then the crude extract was isolated and purified by HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography(CC), silica gel CC, Sephadex LH-20 CC and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of isolated compounds were deduced by the spectroscopic data, as well as comparison with the previous literature data. The results were as follows:(1)Fifteen compounds were isolated from H. lagarocladum, and those compounds were identified as attenuatumione G(1), uralodin B(2), chipericumin C(3), 2,5-dihydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone(4),1,7-dihydroxyxanthone(5),1,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone(6), quercitrin(7), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8), apigenin-7-O-β-D-(6″-O-acetyl)-glucopyranoside(9), luteolin(10), quercetin(11), betulinic acid(12), betulinic acid methyl ester(13), betulonic acid(14), and β-sitosterol(15). Compounds 1-14 are isolated from H. lagarocladum for the first time.(2)In vitro cytotoxicites of compounds 1-14 were evaluated using MTT method against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. And only compounds 3, 6 and 13 showed weak cytotoxicites with IC₅₀ values ranging from 48.6 to 123.5 μg·mL^-1. These research results provide scientific theoretical and applied implications of H. lagarocladum for its comprehensive development and utilization.]]> 2022/9/30 15:09:08 *]]> ZHANG Han, DENG Jingtong, PENG Yu, HAN Qingdi, ZHOU Xiandong, YANG Xinzhou^* 1true