-1.(2)Bayesian inference tree analysis based on the 16S rDNA sequences revealed that all four strains belonged to Bacillus subtilis.(3)HY1-1, HY1-2, HY1-3, and HY1-4 could promote the glutinous sorghum seed germination rates. Compared to the control groups, the germination rates of glutinous sorghum seeds soaked in bacterial suspension significantly increased by 40.04% to 165.52%. Among them, HY1-1 demonstrated the most prominent promotion effect, with a germination rate increase of 165.52%.(4)HY1-1 strain was selected for a pot experiment. After 30 days of inoculation on the roots of glutinous sorghum seedlings, the plant heights of the seedlings significantly increased by 29.17%, and total phosphorus content increased significantly by 5.12%. The rhizosphere substrate of glutinous sorghum exhibited a significant increase in available nitrogen content by 31.70% and available phosphorus content by 28.88%. In conclusion, HY1-1, an endophytic bacterium in glutinous sorghum leaves, can promote the growth of glutinous sorghum plants by secreting the plant growth hormone IAA and providing necessary nutrients. This study provides genetic resources for the further development of microbial agent targeting the growth promotion of glutinous sorghum.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 *]]> WANG Xinye, ZHANG Min, TIAN Xiaolong, YUAN Ping, LI Hongxia, LUO Zhenbiao, YUE Qianqian, ZHAO Liang^* 8true Quercus mongolica, the symbiotic fungi in roots of young Q. mongolica at different ages were isolated directly. The isolated fungi were identified based on the morphological characteristics of colony and molecular analysis. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 249 fungal strains were isolated from the roots of young Q. mongolica, 18 species belonging to 15 genera, 8 families, 7 orders, 5 classes and 2 phyla were recognized. Among them, two species belonged to Basidiomycetes and 16 species belonged to Ascomycota. Pezicula pruinosa was the species with the highest isolation frequency(81.93%), followed by Dactylonectria torresensis (4.02%), Ilyonectria robusta (2.01%) and Atrocalyx nordicus (2.01%).(2)Significant differences in species and quantities of symbiotic fungi demonstrated in different ages of young Quercus mongolica, with the highest frequency of isolation occurring in the 4-5 years old(44.98%)followed by the triennial(29.32%), biennial(19.68%)and annual(6.02%). To sum up, culturable symbiotic fungi in the roots of young Q. mongolica on Liupan Mountain are highly diverse. Species and quantities of isolates vary at different ages of trees, the diversity increases with the growth of tree, and Pezicula pruinosa is the most dominant culturable symbiotic fungi in roots of young Quercus mongolica. The results provide the reference for further investigating symbiotic fungal resources and exploring the microbial symbiotic mechanism of Q. mongolica in adapting to local environment.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1,2, LI Minqi^1,2, LIU Jianli¹, REN Yufeng¹, ZHOU Libiao¹, YAN Xingfu^1,2*]]> DENG Xiaojuan^1,2, LI Minqi^1,2, LIU Jianli¹, REN Yufeng¹, ZHOU Libiao¹, YAN Xingfu^1,2* 7true Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum and the seasonal abnormal leaf coloration phenomenon of this plant, we performed plate isolation and culturing and subsequent 16S rDNA sequence analysis to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria from five types of abnormally colored leaves and normally red-colored leaves of L. chinense var. rubrum; we also analyzed differences in bacterial diversity, community structure, and functional levels among differently colored leaves. The results were as follows:(1)Compared with the normally red-colored leaves, we detected higher biomass of endophytic bacteria in the five types of abnormally colored leaves. Among the isolated bacteria, 16S rDNA sequence alignment and phylo-genetic tree analysis revealed that the presence of 906 bacterial strains were classified into 26 genera and 40 species.(2)While the smaller leaves were colonized by the largest number of endophytic bacterial species with a relatively uniform community structure, the opposite was true for bacteria isolated from the red- and yellow-pigmented leaves.(3)Comparison of the bacterial community data for abnormally colored leaves and those with the normally red-color revealed that not only were there significant differences with respect to the dominant genera and species, but also an enrichment of numerous bacterial species in the genera Methylobacterium and Pseudomonas in the five types of abnormally colored leaves. Particularly, we detected significantly larger numbers of Pseudomonas oryzihabitans.(4)We established that abnormally colored leaves(smaller, red spotted, and the red and yellow types)were characterized by an enrichment of bacteria with phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, IAA production, and salt tolerance functions, among which, four strains were found to have all four of these functions. Accordingly, we speculate that the abnormal leaf coloration of L. chinense var. rubrum is closely associated with the activities of these enriched functional bacteria. Our findings in this study indicate that the abnormal leaf coloration of L. chinense var. rubrum is closely associated with the enrichment of specific endophytic bacterial communities, which can thus provide clues for elucidating the mechanisms underlying the development of abnormal leaf color in this plant. Moreover, this may have important application value for the efficient cultivation of high-quality L. chinense var. rubrum.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1,2, HOU Jiayi^1,2, GAO Min^1,2, XIA Wei^1,2, LI Yanlin^1,2, YU Xiaoying^1,2, XU Lu^1,2*]]> HUO Wenwen^1,2, HOU Jiayi^1,2, GAO Min^1,2, XIA Wei^1,2, LI Yanlin^1,2, YU Xiaoying^1,2, XU Lu^1,2* 6true 3+ concentration, adsorbent dosage, time, and other factors on the adsorption capacity of Cr³⁺ were examined by the single factor test method using inactivated Bacillus cereus J01 strain as biological adsorbent in order to investigate the adsorption performance of Cr³⁺ by endophytic bacterium Bacillus cereus J01 from Leersia hexandra Swartz. The kinetic, thermodynamic, and isothermal adsorption processes were analyzed. Infrared spectroscopy was used to provide a preliminary analysis of the Cr³⁺ adsorption mechanism. The results were as follows:(1)In the reaction system of 50 mL, inactivated Bacillus cereus J01 reached the best adsorption performance on Cr³⁺ when pH value was 6, temperature was 40 ℃, initial concentration of Cr³⁺ was 150 mg·L^-1, adsorbent dosage was 0.2 g and adsorption time was 12 h. The equilibrium adsorption capacity was 34.30 mg·g^-1 and the removal rate of Cr³⁺ was 91.60%.(2)The Langmuir isothermal adsorption model could better simulate the adsorption of Cr³⁺ by inactivated Bacillus cereus J01. The adsorption process was more similar to monolayer adsorption.(3)The adsorption kinetics analysis showed that the adsorption of inactivated Bacillus cereus J01 on Cr³⁺ was more consistent with quasi-second-order kinetic rate equation.(4)Thermodynamic analysis of adsorption showed that at 40 ℃, △G, △H and △S were -2.609 kJ·mol^-1, 61.792 kJ·mol^-1 and 206.11 J·mol^-1, respectively. The adsorption process was spontaneous at 40 ℃.(5)The results of infrared spectroscopy showed that the adsorption of inactivated Bacillus cereus J01 on Cr³⁺ could be attributed to the effects of amino, hydroxyl and carbonyl groups in the cell components. The results show that the inactivated bacteria of this bacterium has strong adsorption capacity for Cr³⁺, and has good application potential in the treatment of environmental chromium pollution.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 *]]> ZHANG Zeyu, LI Ziyuan, WANG Shaoyang, CHEN Xinyi, WANG Liqi, LI Haiyun^* 5true Loropetalum chinense community in the aged forest stage of karst areas, as well as their relationships with environmental factors. The results were as follows:(1)During the rainy season, the pH value, organic matter, total carbon, total nitrogen, total potassium, total phosphorus contents, and alkaline phosphatase, catalase, and urease activities of rhizosphere soil were lower than those of non-rhizosphere soil, indicating that nutrient leaching in rhizosphere soil was more severe and affected the activity of related enzymes. In contrast, the changes in dry season were nutrient enrichment strategies adopted by rhizosphere soil for healthy plant growth.(2)The diversities of fungi in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were both significantly higher in the dry season than in the rainy season; the bacterial diversity of non-rhizosphere soil was significantly higher in the rainy season than in the dry season, but the seasonal differences in bacterial diversity of rhizosphere soil were not significant. Regardless of the dry and rainy seasons, the dominant fungal phyla in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Basidiomycota, while the dominant bacterial phyla were Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Acidobacteriota. The seasonal changes had significant differences in the structure of microbial communities in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils.(3)The dominant factors of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microbial communities varied in different seasons. During the rainy season, the rhizosphere soil exhibited pH, catalase and alkaline phosphatase activities, while non-rhizosphere soil exhibited catalase, alkaline phosphatase, cellulase activities, and total potassium content; during the dry season, the rhizosphere soil exhibited catalase activity and soil water content, while non-rhizosphere soil exhibited cellulase and sucrase activity. In addition, soil enzyme activity was significantly correlated with carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and soil water content.(4)Compared to bacteria, fungal functions in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were more sensitive to seasonal changes. In summary, the adaptive strategies adopted for microbial communities and enzyme activities in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils during the rainy and dry seasons are significantly different. The research results provide theoretical references for vegetation restoration and soil succession in karst areas.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1,2, MA Jiangming^1,2*, LIANG Yueming³, YANG Hao^1,2]]> WANG Yanan^1,2, MA Jiangming^1,2*, LIANG Yueming³, YANG Hao^1,2 4true Myrothecium, Sordariomycetes, and Dothideomycetes evolved to single genus Knufia in the first year. In the rhizosphere soil, Hypocreales, Chaetothyriales, Myrothecium, Dothideomycetes, and Sordariomycetes evolved to Monosiga, Choanoflagellida.(3)Soil pH, organic matter content, available nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, available potassium content, and urease activity significantly influenced the structure of fungal communities, especially for distributions of Ascomycota, SAR_k_norank, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota. In conclusion, continuous cropping of cassava influenced soil physicochemical properties through the accumulation of root exudates, thus altering the survival environment of fungi, leading to differences of the diversity and the abundance of fungal communities between cassava rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils. The ascomycetes in the non-rhizosphere soil evolved from Myrothecium, Sordariomycetes, and Dothideomycetes to single genus Knufia. The relative abundance of Hypocreales, Myrothecium, and Sordariomycetes of Ascomycota decreased with continuous cropping years in the rhizosphere soil, which may be one of main causes of the continuous cropping obstacles of cassava.]]> 2024/10/30 0:00:00 1, PENG Xiaohui¹, OU Guining¹, PENG Xiaoxue¹, GAN Li¹, HUANG Yuanhang¹, YANG Taiyi¹, QIN Fengyan¹, SHEN Zhangyou^2*, WEI Maogui^1,3*]]> HUANG Yanying¹, PENG Xiaohui¹, OU Guining¹, PENG Xiaoxue¹, GAN Li¹, HUANG Yuanhang¹, YANG Taiyi¹, QIN Fengyan¹, SHEN Zhangyou^2*, WEI Maogui^1,3* 3true Blumea balsamifera, the methods of high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region and molecular ecological network analysis were employed to study the effects of Cd accumulation in root, stem and leaf of B. balsamifera on the community characteristics of endophytic bacteria under different exogenous cadmium treatments(0 and 2.0 mg·kg^-1). The results were as follows:(1)In comparison with the control group without exogenous cadmium addition(0 mg·kg^-1, Cd0), the treatment group with cadmium spiking(2.0 mg·kg^-1, Cd2)in soils promoted plant growth and the cumulative Cd contents in root, stem and leaf, with the order of leaf(16.75 mg·kg^-1)> stem(11.99 mg·kg^-1)> root(3.96 mg·kg^-1).(2)α diversity analysis showed that the endophytic bacteria richness(Sobs, Ace and Chao1 indices)and diversity(Shannon and Simpson indices)for organs were the highest in root, followed by stem and leaf under Cd0 and Cd2 treatments. Additionally, the indices of richness and diversity of endophytic bacteria for each organ under Cd2 treatment were superior to those under Cd0.(3)At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes were the dominant bacterial phyla in all the organs for both treatments; at the genus level, Delftia was the main bacterial genus with the relative abundance ranged from 53.0% to 92.7% and 57.1% to 89.2% in the plant organs of Cd0 and Cd2, respectively; certain similarities existed among the endophytic bacterial community structures of root, stem and leaf of B. balsamifera, and Cd2 increased the proportion of mutual endophytic bacterial genera in root, stem and leaf and that of unique endophytic ones in each organ(except for the root).(4)Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size(LEfSe)analysis showed that there existed the differences on endophytic bacterial genera residing in different organs within the same treatment and also the same organ between treatments.(5)Redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that the contents of rhizosphere soil Cd and plant organ Cd were significantly correlated with the composition of endophytic bacterial community.(6)Co-occurrence network analysis clarified that cadmium accumulation in B. balsamifera complicated the interaction network of endophytic bacteria occurring in root and leaf, and enhanced the competition among endophytic bacterial species in root and stem, and the symbiosis in leaf. In summary, exogenous Cd treatment affected the community structure and interaction mode of endophytic bacteria in B. balsamifera organs.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 *]]> CHEN Jiaojiao, REN Jianguo, WANG Junli^* 2true Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Alternaria, Plectosphaerella and Conocybe, and only the relative abundance of Pseudomonas in diseased tissues was significantly higher than that in healthy tissues.(2)The diversity and richness of bacterial communities in diseased spots were higher than those in healthy tissues, and the diversity index showed a trend of decreasing and then increasing with the increase of the disease degree, and the richness index showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. The richness and diversity index of fungal communities in diseased spots showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the disease degree, and the diversity index and richness of fungal communities in diseased spot tissues of mildly and moderately diseased leaves were higher than those in healthy tissues, but the diversity index and richness of fungal communities in heavily diseased tissues were lower than those in healthy tissues.(3)Gene functional information and relative abundance of bacteria in diseased spots and healthy tissues were generally similar, primarily were metabolism, genetic information processing and environmental information processing. The dominant functional taxa of fungus were plant pathogen, animal pathogen-endophyte-plant pathogen-wood saprotroph, undefined saprotroph, wood saprotroph and plant pathogen-wood saprotroph. The results provide a reference for the understanding of evolutionary pattern of tobacco wildfire disease and characterization of the phyllosphere microbial community.]]> 2024/10/30 14:21:46 1, 2, WANG Hancheng², YU Zhihe^1*, CAI Liuti², WANG Feng^2*, CHEN Xingjiang²]]> GUO Tao^{1, 2}, WANG Hancheng², YU Zhihe^1*, CAI Liuti², WANG Feng^2*, CHEN Xingjiang² 1true