-->Special Subject： Provincial Research Progress on National Key Protected Wild Plants

Resource and conservation status of national key protected wild plants in Shaanxi Province, China

2024/12/5 21:50:58

Based on the references of natural reserves in Shaanxi Province, field survey, and digitized herbarium specimens provided by China Virtual Herbarium(CVH), and The List of National Key Protected wild Peauts(NKPWPs)(2021 Version), and The List of National Key Protected Wild Plants distributed in Shaanxi Province. The resource and conservation status of species NKPWPs distributed in Shaanxi Province was investigated and analyzed in present study. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 104 species(including subspecies and variety)belonged to 38 families, 67 genera were distributed in Shaanxi Province, including 3 species in genus 1 family of lycophytes, 6 species and 2 varieties in 6 genera 2 families of gymnosperms, and 85 species, 1 subspecies and 10 varieties in 60 genera 35 families of angiosperms, representing 2.88%, 6.73% and 90.38% of the total NKPWPs respectively.(2)The number of the NKPWPs represented about 18.18%, 5.09%, and 2% of families, genera and species respectively of the total vascular plant in Shaanxi Province.(3)Among 104 species of NKPWPs, 26 species listed in the last version(1999)had been protected, and 78 species were added newly, in which 24 species were ever listed and protected as local protected wild plants, and a total of 54 additional species were not protected at all before, accounting for 52% of the total NKPWPs, e.g. Phalaenopsis zhejiangensis, Dendrobium flexicaule and Paeonia rockii. The endangered status analysis showed that 5 species were critically endangered(CR), representing 4.81%, 22 species were endangered(EN)and 22 species were vulnerable(VU), representing 24.04% of the total NKPWPs, respectively.(4)Qinling-Bashan region was a concentrated distribution area of NKPWPs, about 60 species were distributed in Zhenping County, accounting for 57.69% of the total, and 47 species were distributed in both Pingli County and Foping County; contrast to it, few species found in the north area of Shaanxi Province.(5)There were 249 reserves in Shaanxi Province, including the natural reserve(national and provincial), wetland parks and forest parks, and about 70 species representing 67.31% of NKPWPs had been effectively protected in these areas. We suggest: investigate the resources, distribution and status of the additional species of NKPWPs in Shaanxi Province, especially focus on the 54 species which are not protected previously; facilitate the regional botanical gardens in the Loess Plateau area of Shaanxi Province; dynamic monitor and update data of NKPWPs in natural reserves, so as to provide a scientific and valuable reference for in situ and ex situ conservation in the future.

Geographic distribution and research progress of national key protected wild plants in Hubei Province

2024/12/5 0:00:00

The updated List of National Key Protected Wild Plants(LNKPWP)was released by National Forestry and Grassland Administration and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China in September 2021. By integrating literature search, herbarium record, field investigation and expert consultation, we compiled the updated list, investigated the geographic distribution map, research progress, threatened status, and protection status of national key protected wild plants(NKPWP)in Hubei Province. The results are as follows:(1)There are 155 species on the LNKPWP in Hubei Province, of which 11 species are protected at Category I and 144 species are protected at Category Ⅱ.(2)Geographic distribution of NKPWP in Hubei Province is uneven and concentrated in West and Southwest Hubei, with Shennongjia and Lichuan have the greatest numbers of NKPWP.(3)The most studied species are the species with economic value, flagship species and regional representative species. In addition, more than a third of the species(55 species)are almost unstudied. The research of NKPWP in Hubei Province focused on genetic diversity, genetic structure, future distribution prediction under global change conditions, and phylogeography, etc.(4)According to the Red List of China Biodiversity — Volume of Higher Plants, the NKPWP in Hubei Province contain 9 critically endangered species, 30 endangered species, 41 vulnerable species and 19 near-threatened species. The main threatened factors are direct mining or logging, habitat degradation or loss, and species intrinsic factors.(5)Until now, 137(88.4%)species of NKPWP in Hubei Province are wholly or partially located in protected areas, and the remaining 18 species(11.6%)are completely located outside protected areas. A total of 93 species of NKPWP have been introduced and cultivated in Hubei Province, while the other 62 species have not been recorded under ex situ conservation. In addition, very few species have been reintroduced into the wild.(6)Up to now, although the distribution ranges of seven wild plants in Hubei Province(five of which are endemic to Hubei)are limited and they are negatively affected by internal causes and human interference, they have not been included in the LNKPWP. In addition, this study points out the knowledge gaps in the research and protection of NKPWP in Hubei Province, and puts forward specific research suggestions and protection strategies.

Geographic distribution and research progress of national key protected wild plants in Hubei Province

2024/12/5 0:00:00

Distribution characteristics of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province and the vegetation types underlying them

2024/12/5 21:50:58

In order to reveal the distribution and habitat characteristics of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province, we studied the distribution characteristics and vegetation types of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province by selecting national key protected wild plants, based on the 2021 edition of The List of National Key Protected Wild Plants through the methods such as data reduction and field surveys. The results were as follows:(1)There were a total of 53 families, 83 genera and 173 species of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province, ranking fifth in the number of species and first in the density of species in China(based on the current data base of wild).(2)All 19 counties and municipalities in Hainan Province had national key protected wild plants, and the number of species in the central and the south of the cities/counties is much larger than that in the north, with the largest species richness in Changjiang Li Autonomous County(75 species), and the highest species density in Lingshui Li Autonomous County(0.604 5 ind.·km^-2); the number of species of national key protected wild plants was distributed in nine gradients(with a gradient value of 200 m)from 0 m to 1 867 m above sea level, and there were a trend of slightly decreased-very rapidly increased-slowly decreased, with the highest number of species distributed in the elevation band. When 800 m ≤ Altitude < 1 000 m and 1 000 m ≤ Altitude < 1 200 m, there was 81 national key protected wild plant species, while only 9 species in the segment 1 600 m ≤ Altitude < 1 867 m.(3)The habitats of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province were complexed, relied on a total of 11 vegetation types, among which the lowland rainforest had the highest species richness(114 species), followed by mountain rainforest(105 species)and the semi-mangrove forest(1 species); and the most severely externally disturbed is freshwater wet grassland, followed by lowland rainforest, and the least is montane cloud forest. The results of the study provide the scientific reference for the conservation and utilization of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province.

Distribution characteristics of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province and the vegetation types underlying them

2024/12/5 21:50:58

Composition and floristic characteristics of national key protected wild plants distributed in Hainan Province, China

2024/12/5 21:50:58

Based on the List of National Key Protected Wild Plants and related data in 2021, combined with field investigation, the List of National Key Protected Wild Plants in Hainan Province was integrated, and its composition and floristic characteristics were analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)Among the national key protected wild plants, the original Cycas changjiangensis, C. hainanensis, C. lingshuigensis and C. taiwaniana were incorporated into C. taiwaniana; compared with the List of National Key Protected Wild Plants in 1999, the original Semiliquidambar cathayensis and Amphicarpaea linearis were removed from the protection level, and Bretschneidera sinensis was degraded from Category I protection to the Category Ⅱ protection. A total of 127 species of national key protected wild plants were added, and a total of 173 species(including varieties)with the addition of original, belonging to 53 families and 83 genera, including 8 species of national Category I protected wild plants. There were 165 species of national Category Ⅱ protected wild plants and 32 endemic species in Hainan Province, which belonging to four groups. Among them, the angiosperm species were the most abundant, with 129 species.(2)Based on years of field investigation information and the results of this survey, C. rumphii, C.shanyagensis, Alsophila costularis and Paphiopedilum purpuratum had not been investigated.(3)The life forms of 173 protected plants were divided into five types, mainly phanerophytes(115 species), followed by hemicryptophytes(34 species)and geocryptophytes(22 species), and chamaephytes and cushion plant were the least(1 species).(4)At the family level, Orchidaceae had the largest number of species, including 47 species(27.17%). At the genus level, Dendrobium had the largest number of species, including 21 species(12.14%).( 5 )The floristic elements were complex and had obvious tropical characteristics. The families were mainly distributed in the pantropics and their variants. The genera were mainly distributed in tropical Asia and its variants. In summary, the tropical nature and unique phenomena of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province are obvious, and there are many new protected species. Therefore, background investigation and dynamic monitoring should be carried out continuously, law enforcement should be strengthened, human factors should be reduced to interfere with and destroy habitats, and in-situ and ex-situ protection measures should be taken to strengthen protection and management.

Composition and floristic characteristics of national key protected wild plants distributed in Hainan Province, China

2024/12/5 21:50:58

Comparative study and geographical distribution of key protected wild vascular plants in Jiangxi Province, China

2024/12/5 21:50:58

Rare and endangered wild plants are important strategic resources and an essential component of biodiversity conservation. Grasping the diversity and geographic distribution of key protected plants in Jiangxi Province is a key step in developing scientific conservation and management at the provincial scale. Combining The List of National Key Protected Wild Plants(NKPWP, 2021)and The Checklist of the Key Protected Wild Plants in Jiangxi Province(KPWP, 2005), and digitized distribution data of herbarium specimens provided by the National Specimen Information Infrastructure(NSII), the diversity, geographic distribution, and conservation profile of these plants found in Jiangxi Province are analyzed. The results are as follows:(1)A total of 148 species of NKPWP(including intraspecies taxa), spanning 89 genera and 47 families, are found in Jiangxi Province.(2)A total of 407 species, belonging to 85 families and 208 genera, are recognized as the key protected plants in Jiangxi Province, including 16 species of lycopods and ferns(9 families and 10 genera); 26 species of gymnosperms(6 families and 17 genera), and 365 species of angiosperms(70 families and 181 genera).(3)Among of these species, 60.9% of them are protected within 32 national and provincial natural reserves; 70.5% of them are conserved ex situ in 67 Chinese botanic gardens.(4)Observation value and estimation value of species richness indicate that the areas with higher species richness include mountains and its adjacent areas of Lushan, Jiuling, Wugong, Jinggang in northern area, and Dayuling, Jiulian, and Wuyi in southern area. The distribution pattern of hotspots is generally consistent with the ranges of five key protected areas of biodiversity conservation in Jiangxi Province. The issues of the species included in The Checklist of the Key Protected Wild Plants of Jiangxi Province(2005)were discussed, and the 6E principles of the priority selection of key protected wild plants at province level and the related suggestions to strengthen the research on provincial protected plants were proposed.

Comparative study and geographical distribution of key protected wild vascular plants in Jiangxi Province, China

2024/12/5 21:50:58

County-level distribution and conservation status of national key protected wild plants in Inner Mongolia

2024/12/5 21:50:58

In order to clarify the county-level distribution of national key protected plants in Inner Mongolia, their threatened degree and the current status of protection based on field surveys, specimen collections, and literature review of herbarium specimens from the Inner Mongolia University(HIMC), Chinese Virtual Herbarium(CVH). The compiled county-level distribution data of key protected wild plants in Inner Mongolia were evaluated and analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)There were 48 key protected wild plants in Inner Mongolia, including 1 species with data deficiency(DD), 10 species in endangered(EN), 19 species in vulnerable(VU), 10 species in near threatened(NT)and 8 species as least concern(LC). Among them, there were 3 lower plants and 45 higher plants. The key protected higher plants account for 1.4%(45/3 205)of the higher plants in Inner Mongolia, with moss plants accounting for 0.2%(1/586), gymnosperms accounting for 4.0%(1/25), and angiosperms accounting for 1.6%(43/2 619).(2)In terms of county-level distribution, Alxa Left Banner had the most species(15 species), followed by Oroqen Autonomous Banner(13 species), Yakeshi City(12 species), Hexigten Banner(11 species), Alxa Right Banner(10 species)and Erguna City(10 species). The number of national protected plants distributed in other counties was less than 10 species.(3)A total of 44 species of national key protected wild plants were protected in existing nature reserves; among them, 12 species were only distributed in national nature reserves, 4 species were only distributed in autonomous region level nature reserves, and 28 species were distributed in both national reserves and autonomous region level reserves; 4 species were not protected by nature reserves. Based on the above results, we have put forward strategies and recommendations for the future monitoring and protection of the national key protected plant species in Inner Mongolia.

Resource status and priority for the protection of rare and endangered plants in Zhejiang Province, China

2024/12/5 0:00:00

The present study analyzed the listed rare and endangered plants on List of National Key Protected Wild Plants in China (2021)and List of Key Protected Wild Plants in Zhejiang Province(2023)(to be announced), which are known to occur in Zhejiang Province and their patterns of distribution. Using the coefficients of endangerment, genetic value, and species value, priority protection of rare and endangered plants in the province was quantitatively analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 333 rare and endangered species belonging 229 genera in 101 families had been documented as occurring in Zhejiang, of which 311 species(accounting for 93.39%)were seed plants. The family Orchidaceae had the greatest species richness with 56 species in 32 genera.(2)At the regional level, the highest densities of rare and endangered plants in Zhejiang were mainly concentrated in the Tianmu Mountain area(including 147 species)in Northwest Zhejiang and the Donggong Mountain area(including 164 species)in Southwest Zhejiang, whereas fewer rare and endangered plant species were distributed in the plains of North Zhejiang.(3)Based on elevation, the distribution of rare and endangered species revealed a reversed “U”-shaped pattern of firstly increasing with increasing elevation and then decreasing as the elevation continued to increase. The largest number of rare and endangered species(144 in 113 genera of 60 families)was found at elevations 601 to 800 m above sea level(a.s.l).(4)According to the quantitative analysis of priority protection, 82 species(24.62%)were classified as requiring the first level of priority protection(I), and 144(43.24%), 85(25.53%), and 22(6.61%)species were classified as levels Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ, respectively. It is a species richness of rare and endangered plants in Zhejiang Province, and this analysis provides a more intuitive reflection of urgent need for a specific degree of protection for various species. The current status of each species is roughly consistent with the results, and it is necessary to strengthen monitoring for proposing dynamically adjustments of the priority protection order for rare and endangered plants.