2026/9/15 15:56:31 2026/9/15 15:56:31 2026/9/15 15:56:31 CsDIR genes through genome-wide screening in Camellia sinensis, and analysed for physicochemical properties, phylogenetic tree, conserved motifs, chromosomal localization, cis-acting element structural features, and gene expression patterns of DIR gene family under tea anthracnose stress. The results were as follows:(1)Phylogenetic analysis showed the CsDIR genes were divided into three subfamilies, and their promoter regions contained response elements for auxin, abscisic acid, wounding and pathogens.(2)Analysis of protein structures and protein conserved domains confirmed that 40 CsDIRs containing a β-barrel composed of eight antiparallel β-strands. In addition, thirty-nine CsDIRs possess a Dirigent domain, while one contains a Dirigent superfamily domain.(3)Results of chromosomal localization and collinearity analysis indicated that the 40 CsDIR genes distributing across 10 chromosomes and 5 distinct Contigs. Within CsDIR gene family, we identified 12 pairs of tandemly duplicated genes and 4 pairs of collinear genes.(4)Expression pattern analysis of 12 CsDIR genes under tea anthracnose stress demonstrated that all 12 CsDIR genes uniformly responding to tea anthracnose stress. This study provides a foundation for future research on the function of DIR gene family in response to biotic stresses in tea plants.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:31 1, ZHAO Yichen^1,2*]]> Rhododendron delavayi, the full-length coding region of RdCHS2 was cloned from R. delavayi, and its expression profile, catalytic activity in vitro and biological function in vivo were analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)The full-length coding sequence(CDS)of RdCHS2 was 1 170 bp, encoding 389 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RdCHS2 was grouped into the same clade with CHS from other plants and had typical conserved motifs of CHS.(2)Gene expression analysis showed that the expression of RdCHS2 was the highest in scapes and the lowest in stamens, and its expression increased gradually as flowering progressed.(3)Enzymatic assays confirmed that RdCHS2 catalyzed the synthesis of naringenin chalcone from malonyl-CoA and p-coumaroyl-CoA, as well as catalyzed the synthesis of pinocembrin chalcone from malonyl-CoA and cinnamoyl-CoA.(4)Complementation experiments in Arabidopsis thaliana tt4 mutant demonstrated that RdCHS2 successfully restored anthocyanin biosynthesis in cotyledons and hypocotyls of A. thaliana tt4 mutant. These results show that RdCHS2 exhibits typical CHS activity and participates in the biosynthesis of anthocyanin, which lays a foundation for further clarifying the specific function of this gene.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:31 1, SHU Hefeng¹, ZHU Ling¹, ZHANG Ximin¹, GONG Jiyi^1,2, SUN Wei^1,2*]]> PP2C gene family members during peach flower bud dormancy, seven PpPP2C genes were identified from transcriptome data of dormant peach flower buds. Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the physicochemical properties, phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, and promoter cis-acting elements, and qRT-PCR was employed to measure PpPP2C expression levels in varieties with differing chilling requirements from pre-dormancy to dormancy release. The results were as follows:(1)The amino acid sequences encoded by the seven PpPP2C genes exhibited highly similar physicochemical properties and conserved motif structures. All seven PpPP2C genes belonged to Subfamily A, a key component of the abscisic acid(ABA)signaling pathway, suggesting their involvement in dormancy regulation through ABA signal transduction.(2)The promoter regions of PpPP2C genes contained abundant abscisic acid, light, and methyl jasminate response elements, which are thought to regulate PP2C transcription during dormancy.(3)qRT-PCR results showed higher PpPP2C expression before dormancy, with levels declining after dormancy onset, indicating that dormancy suppressed PpPP2C expression. However, in varieties with CR≥400 h, this decrease began earlier than in those with CR≤200 h. This discrepancy might be attributed to different timings of dormancy entry resulting from varying chilling requirements, where varieties with CR≤200 h required shorter day lengths or lower temperature and consequently entered dormancy later. This study preliminarily elucidated the role of PP2C genes in ABA-mediated dormancy regulation, providing an important basis for further analysis of its regulatory network.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:31 1, ZHU Pengxiang¹ , LI Jun², LU Tailiang¹, XU Jinghua², WAN Baoxiong^1*]]> Corydalis saxicola, a perennial herbaceous plant of the Papaveraceae family in the genus Corydalis, grows exclusively in karst rock crevices. C. saxicola is also a Chinese national second-class protected plant. DELLA proteins, plant-specific transcriptional factors, play crucial regulatory roles in plant growth and development. In order to explore the function of DELLA proteins in the growth and development of C. saxicola, coding sequence(CDS)of two DELLA-like genes, CsDELLA1 and CsDELLA2, were identified and amplified based on full-length transcriptome and transcriptome data of different tissues of C. saxicola. Molecularly, the physical and chemical properties, structures, the relative expression levels of their transcripts, and key domain transcriptional autoactivation of the two DELLAs were analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)The length of CsDELLA1 and CsDELLA2 CDS were 1 902 bp and 1 614 bp, encoding 633 amino acid(aa)and 537aa, respectively.(2)Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that the relative expression levels of the two DELLA transcripts were exclusively high in the leaves of C. saxicola.(3)Amino acid sequence homology alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that both CsDELLA1 and CsDELLA2 possessed conserved DELLA domain and GRAS domain, and both had high similarities with members of the DELLA family of Papaveraceae.(4)The analysis results of protein structures revealed that α-helices were important components of the protein structures of CsDELLA1 and CsDELLA2, and their three-dimensional spatial arrangements were similar, too.(5)Both CsDELLAs exhibited transcriptional autoactivation capacities, but the activation domain sites differed. Specifically, CsDELLA1, CsDELLA2, as well as truncated proteins CsDELLA1-N_52-119aa, CsDELLA1-N_120-259aa, CsDELLA1-C_260-633aa, and CsDELLA2-C_93-537aa, had transcriptional autoactivation capacities; while N-terminal sequence of the two CsDELLA1-N_1-51aa and CsDELLA2-N_1-92aa showed no autoactivation capacity. This study lays a foundation for further exploration of the interactions between CsDELLAs and other transcription factors, as well as their biological functions in the growth and development of C. saxicola.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:31 1, QIN Wenhui¹, OU Xialian¹, PAN Limei^2,3, ZHANG Zhanjiang^1,2 , CHEN Xiaoying^1,2, LEI Ming^1,2*]]> AS1 and AS2 genes play critical roles in plant leaf development, however, whether LoAS1 and LoAS2 of Lilium Oriental Hybrids play a regulatory role during bulb low-temperature dormancy has not been reported. In order to investigate the correlation between LoAS1 and LoAS2 and the development of lateral primordia during bulb low-temperature dormancy, this study obtained the Lilium oriental ‘Sorbonne' MYB transcription factor LoAS1 and the LBD family gene LoAS2 by homologous cloning, constructed a phylogenetic tree, and analyzed their expression characteristics by RT-qPCR and subcellular localization. The results were as follows:(1)The coding sequence length of LoAS1 was 1 035 bp, encoding a total of 344 amino acids, while the coding sequence length of LoAS2 was 717 bp, encoding a total of 238 amino acids.(2)Phylogenetic analysis revealed that LoAS1 was more closely related to homologous proteins in Amana edulis and Lilium lancifolium, and most distantly related to Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa and Zea mays; LoAS2 was more closely related to homologous proteins in Elaeis guineensis and Cocos nucifera, and more distantly related to Oryza sativa and Zea mays.(3)Conserved motifs and structural domains analysis revealed that LoAS1 and LoAS2 share conserved motifs and N-terminal domains with their homologous proteins in other plants.(4)The results of subcellular localization revealed that LoAS1 protein was localized in the nucleus and LoAS2 protein in the cytoplasm and nucleus.(5)The overall expression levels of LoAS1 and LoAS2 were significantly higher than those in the normal temperature group, and both of them were up-regulated in the shoot apex in response to the cold temperature, with their expression peaking at 30-40 d of storage.(6)The results of paraffin sections revealed that the lateral primordia of lily bulbs were significantly enlarged at 45 d of low-temperature storage, which was consistent with the expression patterns of LoAS1 and LoAS2. The study indicates that LoAS1 and LoAS2 may play an important role in the development of lateral primordia during the dormancy release process of lily bulbs, which provides a molecular basis for further research into the dormancy release mechanism of lily bulbs.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:32 *]]> Rhus chinensis were cloned, and the key genes responsible for uridine diphosphate glucose(UDP-glucose)biosynthesis were investigated. The study will lay the foundation for further analysis of the mechanisms of gallotannins over-accumulation in Chinese gallnut. This study relied on third-generation transcriptome data to conduct gene homologous cloning, protein sequence analysis, prokaryotic protein expression and in vitro enzyme catalytic activity analysis, gene expression pattern analysis, promoter cloning and sequence analysis, etc. The results were as follows:(1)Four RcUGPase family genes were identified, their encoded proteins were subjected to bioinformatics analysis, and their protein sequences were further compared with the homology genes in other species by constructing a phylogenetic tree, which suggested that RcUGPase1 and RcUGPase3 belonged to UGPase-A class and UGPase-B class, respectively.(2)RcUGPase1, RcUGPase2, and RcUGPase4 were successfully cloned and reconstituted onto pET28a vector, and recombinant proteins were obtained by the prokaryotic expression vector. In vitro enzyme activity analysis revealed that the RcUGPase1 had a UGPase enzymatic activity.(3)The in vivo UGPase enzyme activity was significantly increased during the early developmental stages of Chinese gallnut formation(21 d and 47 d), when the endogenous contents of gallotannins were gradually gained.(4)During the early developmental stages of Chinese gallnut formation(21 d and 47 d), the expression of RcUGPase1 was dramatically up-regulated, the expression of RcUGPase2 was down-regulated, and no significant changes were observed on the expression of RcUGPase3 and RcUGPase4.(5)A 2 334 bp promoter sequence upstream of RcUGPase1 gene was cloned and multiple cis-acting elements in response to environments and hormone signaling were predicted. In summary, based on in vitro enzyme activity analysis and the correlation between gene expression with in vivo RcUGPase enzyme activity and gallotannins contents in Chinese gallnut, RcUGPase1 may be the key enzyme gene catalyzing the synthesis of UDP-glucose in R. chinensis, and the elevated UGPase enzyme activity during the early developmental stages of Chinese gallnut might play a key role in over-accumulation of gallotannins in Chinese gallnut.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:32 *]]> Triticum aestivum), this study performed genome-wide identification and functional analysis of TaDUF292 gene family using bioinformatics approaches. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 33 TaDUF292 members were identified in common wheat and designated TaDUF292-01 to TaDUF292-33, which distributed unevenly on 15 chromosomes.(2)All proteins encoded by the TaDUF292 family were hydrophilic proteins and were mainly localized in chloroplasts, mitochondria and nuclei.(3)Phylogenetic analysis divided the TaDUF292 family into three evolutionary clades, and genes in the same clade exhibited consistent gene structures and conserved motifs.(4)Cis-acting elements in promoters were dominated by light-responsive and hormone regulatory elements, which indicated that this gene family participated in the integration of plant environmental signals.(5)miRNA target prediction revealed that 16 types of cleavage-inhibiting miRNAs and 5 types of translation-inhibiting miRNAs jointly constituted a regulatory network.(6)Expression pattern analysis showed that TaDUF292 family genes exhibited obvious tissue-specific expression and differential response patterns to drought, salt, heat and pathogen infection stresses, and several members were significantly upregulated under combined stress conditions. This study systematically clarifies the molecular characteristics and potential function of the TaDUF292 family in common wheat, providing genetic resources and a theoretical basis for stress-resistant molecular breeding of common wheat.]]> 2026/9/15 0:00:00 1, LIU Jie², LIANG Jing^1*]]> Tinospora sagittata or T. capillipes, a perennial vine belonging to the genus Tinospora within the Menispermaceae family. It is officially documented in “Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China”. As a well-established traditional Chinese medicine and a common medicinal resource among ethnic groups including the Zhuang and Dong, it is primarily cultivated in the areas such as Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Guangxi, and Guizhou. Tinosporae Radix is rich in diverse bioactive compounds and is pharmacologically recognized for its efficacy in clearing heat, detoxifying, relieving sore throat, and alleviating pain. It is clinically indicated for the treatment of pharyngitis, carbuncles, boils, and epigastric pain. Recent advancements in the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine have heightened research interest in Tinosporae Radix, owing to its multi-target pharmacological profile and broad application potential, positioning it as a focal point in natural medicine and functional food research. To date, terpenoids identified from Tinosporae Radix encompass sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, and triterpenes. Contemporary pharmacological researches have demonstrated that these terpenoids exhibit a spectrum of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antitumor, enzyme inhibitory, and immunomodulatory effects and so on. In terms of modern practical applications, Tinosporae Radix has been integrated into a comprehensive industrial chain spanning pharmaceuticals, food products, daily chemicals, feed additives, and veterinary medicine, underscoring its significant medicinal value and developmental value. Therefore, enhancing the innovative processing and utilization of its by-products is therefore of considerable importance. This review consolidates domestic and international literatures to provide a systematic overview of the innovative applications of Tinosporae Radix in traditional medicine, modern clinical formulations, veterinary practice, daily chemicals, and the food industry, with a specific focus on its terpenoid constituents, associated pharmacological activities, and contemporary uses. The aim is to facilitate further in-depth fundamental research. Additionally, this analysis critically assesses current application-oriented studies and offers prospective recommendations, intending to serve as a reference for advancing scholarly inquiry and promoting the sustainable resource utilization of Tinosporae Radix.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:32 1,2, YANG Ying³, ZHOU Xinwei², ZHOU Ying², QIU Shuo⁴, ZHANG Jiachun^1,2*, SUN Chao^5*]]> Begonia lanternaria, B. longgangensis, B. luzhaiensis, and B. pseudoleprosa have important ecological value and ornamental potential. This study aims to clarify the composition, content and interspecific differences of volatile components in their flowers. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify and analyze the volatile components of flowers of four Begonia species. The results were as follows:(1)A total of 56 volatile compounds were detected, including terpenes(17 kinds), other hydrocarbons(excluding terpenes, 18 kinds), alcohols(8 kinds), phenols(1 kind), esters(6 kinds), amides(1 kind), and other compounds(5 kinds). The relative content of terpenes in B. longgangensis, B. luzhaiensis, and B. pseudoleprosa flowers was extremely high(86.86%-98.01%), while alcohols was the highest relative content in B. lanternaria flowers.(2)The number of volatile components showed significant differences among species. The richness of volatile components ranked from high to low was B. longgangensis (27 kinds), B. pseudoleprosa(22 kinds), B. luzhaiensis(10 kinds), and B. lanternaria(5 kinds). No common volatile components were found among the four species.(3)The relative contents of(Z)-β-ocimene in the male and female flowers of B. longgangensis and B. luzhaiensis flowers were significantly enriched, with relative contents being 93.49%, 92.07%, and 81.72%, which might be the main contributor to their characteristic aroma. In summary, the volatile components of flowers of four Begonia species differ in composition and relative content, resulting in unique aroma profiles. These results provide references for the evaluation of germplasm resources, variety breeding, horticultural development, and health tourism related to Begonia plants.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:32 1, ZHU Xiaozhen², TANG Wenxiu², PAN Bo², YAN Pengbo¹, HUANG Shixun^2*]]> Oxytropis ochrocephala and their antioxidant activities, the ethanol extract of O. ochrocephala was separated and purified using chromatographic techniques including silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, including UV, IR, HR-MS and NMR. The antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and 2, 2-azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)radical scavenging assays. The results were as follows:(1)Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as ochrocephalamine Q(1),(6aR, 11aR)-10-hydroxy-3, 9-dimethoxypterocarpan(2), 3', 7-dihydroxy-2', 4'-dimethoxyisoflavan(3), bosenegaloside A(4), 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-3-[6-O-(1-oxohexadecyl)-α-D-altropyranosyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one(5), rhamnocitrin(6), 3, 5, 7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavonol(7), 3-O-rhamnocitrin-6-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(8), rhamnocitrin-3-O-β-D-galactoside(9), isoquercitrin(10), rhamnetin 3-O-β-D-galactoside(11)and rhamnocitrin 3-O-β-D-glucoside(12). Among these, Compound 1 was a new compound, while compounds 2, 4 and 5 were reported in this genus for the first time.(2)Compounds 6, 10 and 11 exhibited notable antioxidant activities in the DPPH radical scavenging assay, with IC₅₀ values of(4.90±0.35),(0.80±0.06)and(1.07±0.02)μg·mL^-1, respectively, which were stronger than that of the positive control vitamin C [IC₅₀ value of(5.72±0.52)μg·mL^-1]. In addition, in the ABTS radical scavenging assay, Compound 11 also showed strong antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values of(0.32±0.05)μg·mL^-1. These findings further enrich the chemical constituents of O. ochrocephala and provide valuable information for its potential resource development and utilization.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:32 1, TAN Jing¹, YANG Sunyuan¹, XIONG Rongqin¹, ZENG Yanrong¹, ZHANG Zhen², LU Hao³, TAN Chengjian^1*]]> Salvia prionitis and their antioxidant activities. The ethyl acetate fraction of S. prionitis was separated and purified by a combination of column using MCI, silica gel, ODS, HW-40F, and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The structures of obtained compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data(1D-/2D-NMR, HR-MS, CD)and chemical calculations. The antioxidant capacities were evaluated using the1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging assay. The results were as follows:(1)Seventeen compounds identified as 3-hydroxysalvinolone(1), salvinolone(2), salviadesertin J(3), 5α,11,12-trihydroxy-6-oxaabieta-8,11,13-trien-7-one(4), hinokiol(5), perovskin C(6), 4-hydroxysapriparaquinone(7), prineoparaquinone(8), miltiolactone(9), 2α,3α-dihydroxyursolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(10), 19α-hydroxyasiatic acid(11), oleanolic acid(12), hesperidin(13), isoquercitrin(14), rutin(15), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside(16), and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside(17). Compound 1 was identified as a new compound. The compounds 4, 6, 10, 11, 13, and 17 were the first time isolated from the genus Salvia plants, while compounds 3 and 9 were the first time obtained from S. prionitis.(2)The results of the DPPH free radical scavenging assay showed that compounds 14 [IC₅₀=(0.009 2±0.000 06)mmol·L^-1] and 15 [IC₅₀=(0.013 2±0.000 06)mmol·L^-1)exhibited stronger antioxidant activities than the positive control [ascorbic acid, IC₅₀=(0.044 2±0.000 46)mmol·L^-1]. This study provides a theoretical basis for developing novel derivatives from S. prionitis with enhanced antioxidant activity, guiding future product discovery efforts.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:33 1,2, LI Guiqin², PANG Nao^1,2, WANG Yafeng², YANG Bingyuan², GE Li¹, YANG Kedi¹, HUANG Yonglin², LIU Zhangbin^2*]]> Dendrobium nobile, this study systematically analyzed the dynamic changes of volatile components and the ultrastructural characteristics of the perianth cells at different flowering stages by integrating headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis and scanning electron microscope(SEM)observation techniques. The results were as follows:(1)Through dynamic monitoring of volatile components from samples collected daily from day 1 to day 14 of flowering, a total of 26 main aroma components were detected, mainly alcohols and esters, followed by aldehydes, terpenes, and ketones. Content of terpenes peaked on day 6, with β-caryophyllene(26.80%), 1-octanol(17.00%), and octanal(13.01%)being the dominant components.(2)The analysis of the volatile components of different parts of D. nobile revealed that the labellum and the stamina column were the main sites for the release of volatile substances.(3)Ultrastructural observation showed that the upper epidermis of the labellum had long and dense glandular trichomes without stomata, and the spaces between the glandular trichomes were filled with secretions, further confirming that the secretory function of the epidermal trichomes and cells in labellum was significantly stronger than those in other parts. Therefore, the raw materials for D. nobile flower tea should prioritize the collection of the labellum and the stamina column, and be harvested on day 6 after full bloom to maximize the retention of key aromatic components. The results of this study not only provide a scientific basis and quantitative indicators for the precise harvesting and standardized processing of D. nobile flower tea, but also offer a technical paradigm for the aroma quality regulation and efficient utilization of other fragrant medicinal plants in the Orchidaceae family.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:33 1, YANG Yanni^2*, WANG Zaihua³, XIAO Yiyao⁴, PENG Ying¹, ZHANG Yikun¹, FU Chuanming², HUANG Ningzhen²]]> Gymnema latifolium, referred to as “Pian Lu Zhao” in the Lisu ethnic group, is traditionally employed to treat diabetes mellitus. To explore the chemical constituents and hypoglycemic activity of G. latifolium, this study employed a combination of macroporous resins, silica gel, MCI, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography to isolate and purify the chemical constituents from the ethyl acetate fraction of G. latifolium. The structures of the compounds were determined by mass spectrum(MS), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy, and electronic circular dischroism(ECD)spectroscopy. The in vitro hypoglycemic activities of the isolated compounds were assessed using glucose uptake assay based on HepG2 cells. The results were as follows:(1)Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified as calomembranone L(1), calopolyanic acid(2), blancoic acid(3), apetalic acid(4), isoapetalic acid(5), apetalic acid methyl ester(6), isoapetalic acid methyl ester(7), calopolyanolide B(8), 2-hydroxy-xanthone(9), isocudraniaxanthone B(10), lacexanthone(11), caledonixanthone Q(12),(7,8-cis-8,8'-trans)-2',4'-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-lariciresinol(13),(7R,8S)-dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol(14),(+)-pinoresinol(15). Among them, Compound 1 was a new chromanone compound, and compounds 2-15 were isolated from Gymnema plants for the first time.(2)Hypoglycemic activity assays showed that compounds 1, 2, 3, 8 and 13 increased glucose uptake to 1.47, 1.47, 1.12, 1.49 and 1.23 times that of the control group in HepG2 cells, respectively, while exhibiting minimal cytotoxic effects, maintaining cell viability above 90%. This indicated that the above compounds had effects of promoting glucose uptake by HepG2 cells. This study enriches the chemical profile of G. latifolium and preliminarily clarifies the material basis for its hypoglycemic effect, providing a theoretical foundation for its further development and application.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:33 1, ZHANG Jinyan^1,2, JIANG Ziyun¹, LIAO Guangfeng^1,2, XU Xiuhong¹, XIAO Xiwen¹, LU Rumei^1,2*]]> Rosa laevigata fruits and their anti-inflammatory activities, the ethyl acetate fraction of its ethanol extract was separated by silica gel column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. The isolated compounds were characterized by MS and NMR. Selected triterpenoids were tested for anti-inflammatory activities by measuring nitrix oxide(NO)production inhibition in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The results were as follows:(1)Nineteen compounds were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate fraction, they were 2α,3α,19α-trihydroxy-28-norurs-12-ene(1), euscaphic acid(2), 1α,2β,3β,19α-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(3), 2α,3α,19α,23-tetraydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(4), 2α,3β,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(5), niga-ichigoside F1(6), hyptaic acid B(7), tiliroside(8), anemarrhenoside B(9), evofolin B(10), taxifolin(11), aspergillus triazolate A(12), methyl elaidate(13), oleic acid(14), 10-eicosenoic acid(15), erucylamide(16), 9(Z)-octadecenamide(17), microphyllose A(18), inotodisaccharide(19). Among them, compounds 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15-19 represented the first occurrence in the genus Rosa, and Compound 1 was reported for the first time from Rosa laevigata.(2)Anti-inflammatory activity tests showed that all tested triterpenoids except Compound 1 significantly inhibited NO production. Compounds 4, 5 and 6 exhibited IC₅₀ values of(6.76±1.02),(11.36±0.39)and(11.53±2.08)μmol·L^-1, respectively, with activities superior to or comparable to the positive control aminoquanidine hydrochloride. This study enriches the chemical constituents of R. laevigata fruit, identifies triterpenoids as its primary anti-inflammatory active components, and provides a scientific basis for the material foundation of its anti-inflammatory activity and further development and utilization.]]> 2026/9/15 15:56:33 *]]>