金果榄萜类化学成分及现代应用研究进展

张国霞<sup>1; 2</sup>; 杨 莹<sup>3</sup>; 周鑫伟<sup>1</sup>; 周 颖<sup>1</sup>; 仇 硕<sup>4</sup>; 张家春<sup>1; 2*</sup>; 孙 超<sup>5*</sup>

引用本文:	张国霞, 杨莹, 周鑫伟, 周颖, 仇硕, 张家春, 孙超.金果榄萜类化学成分及现代应用研究进展[J].广西植物,2026,46(8):1353-1371.[点击复制]
	ZHANG Guoxia, YANG Ying, ZHOU Xinwei, ZHOU Ying, QIU Shuo, ZHANG Jiachun, SUN Chao.Research progress on terpenoid chemical constituents and modern applications of Tinosporae Radix[J].Guihaia,2026,46(8):1353-1371.[点击复制]

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金果榄萜类化学成分及现代应用研究进展
张国霞^1,2, 杨莹³, 周鑫伟¹, 周颖¹, 仇硕⁴, 张家春^1,2, 孙超^5
1. 贵州省植物园, 贵阳 550004;2. 贵州中医药大学药学院, 贵阳 550025;3. 遵义市种植业发展服务中心, 贵州遵义 563000;4. 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所, 广西桂林 541006;5. 贵州省天然产物研究中心, 贵阳 550014

摘要:

金果榄(Tinosporae Radix)为防己科青牛胆属植物青牛胆(Tinospora sagittata)或金果榄(T. capillipes)的干燥块根,是传统中药及壮族、侗族等民族常用药材资源,在我国主产于陕西、江西、广西、贵州等地。金果榄含有丰富的生物活性物质,具有清热解毒、利咽、止痛的功效,用于治疗咽喉肿痛、痈疽疔毒、脘腹疼痛等。近年来,随着中医药现代化的快速发展,金果榄因其多靶点药理活性及广泛应用潜力,成为天然药物与功能性食品领域的研究热点。目前,从金果榄中鉴定出的萜类化合物种类有倍半萜、二萜及三萜类。现代药理学研究表明,金果榄中萜类化合物具有抗炎、镇痛、抗菌、抗肿瘤、抑制体内酶活性及调节免疫等生物活性。在现代应用方面,金果榄已形成涵盖药品、食品、日化用品、饲料添加剂及兽药的全产业链开发模式,具有较高的药用价值及应用开发价值,因此加强金果榄副产品的创新制作具有重要意义。该文结合国内外相关文献,从萜类化学成分及其药理活性和现代应用角度出发,全面梳理了金果榄在传统医药、现代临床制剂、兽药、日化用品及食品等领域的创新应用,以期进一步深入开展金果榄的相关研究。同时,对金果榄应用研究方面进行了分析并提出建议,为金果榄的深入研究和资源开发利用提供了参考。

关键词: 金果榄, 化学成分, 药理作用, 安全性评价, 现代应用

DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202508044

分类号:Q946

文章编号:1000-3142(2026)08-1353-19

基金项目:贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑 [2021]一般491); 贵州省高层次创新型人才培养项目(黔科合平台人才 [2016] 5666)。

Research progress on terpenoid chemical constituents and modern applications of Tinosporae Radix

ZHANG Guoxia^1,2, YANG Ying³, ZHOU Xinwei², ZHOU Ying², QIU Shuo⁴, ZHANG Jiachun^1,2*, SUN Chao^5*

1. Guizhou Botanical Garden, Guiyang 550004, China;2. College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China;3. Zunyi Plantation Development Service Center, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China;4. Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China;5. Guizhou Natural Products Research Center, Guiyang 550014, China

Abstract:

Tinosporae Radix is the dried tuber root of Tinospora sagittata or T. capillipes, a perennial vine belonging to the genus Tinospora within the Menispermaceae family. It is officially documented in “Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China”. As a well-established traditional Chinese medicine and a common medicinal resource among ethnic groups including the Zhuang and Dong, it is primarily cultivated in the areas such as Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Guangxi, and Guizhou. Tinosporae Radix is rich in diverse bioactive compounds and is pharmacologically recognized for its efficacy in clearing heat, detoxifying, relieving sore throat, and alleviating pain. It is clinically indicated for the treatment of pharyngitis, carbuncles, boils, and epigastric pain. Recent advancements in the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine have heightened research interest in Tinosporae Radix, owing to its multi-target pharmacological profile and broad application potential, positioning it as a focal point in natural medicine and functional food research. To date, terpenoids identified from Tinosporae Radix encompass sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, and triterpenes. Contemporary pharmacological researches have demonstrated that these terpenoids exhibit a spectrum of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antitumor, enzyme inhibitory, and immunomodulatory effects and so on. In terms of modern practical applications, Tinosporae Radix has been integrated into a comprehensive industrial chain spanning pharmaceuticals, food products, daily chemicals, feed additives, and veterinary medicine, underscoring its significant medicinal value and developmental value. Therefore, enhancing the innovative processing and utilization of its by-products is therefore of considerable importance. This review consolidates domestic and international literatures to provide a systematic overview of the innovative applications of Tinosporae Radix in traditional medicine, modern clinical formulations, veterinary practice, daily chemicals, and the food industry, with a specific focus on its terpenoid constituents, associated pharmacological activities, and contemporary uses. The aim is to facilitate further in-depth fundamental research. Additionally, this analysis critically assesses current application-oriented studies and offers prospective recommendations, intending to serve as a reference for advancing scholarly inquiry and promoting the sustainable resource utilization of Tinosporae Radix.

Key words: Tinosporae Radix, chemical constituent, pharmacological effects, safety evaluation, modern applications