摘要: |
为探究皖北淮河平原生态景观绿化树种‘中山杉118’对土壤生态系统的影响,本文分析了其根际与非根际土壤养分差异、微生物类群及其影响因子。结果表明:(1)4年生‘中山杉118’根际对大量元素的富集能力较弱,水解性氮和有效磷出现亏欠现象,全氮与非根际持平,对全磷、全钾和速效钾有低程度的富集;‘中山杉118’根际对微量元素铁、铜、锰的富集能力较强,其中根际有效锰含量显著高于非根际;‘中山杉118’根际与非根际土壤均为碱性,根际pH略小于非根际,且根际的电导率大于非根际,根际对速效钠、速效镁、速效钙有一定程度的富集,对有机碳和有机质也有一定的富集性。(2)Anosim组间群落结构差异显著性检验R值为0.224(P=0.022),R值显著大于0,表明‘中山杉118’根际与非根际细菌群落差异显著。‘中山杉118’根际与非根际共有OTUs 5283个,根际特有1307个,非根际特有1265个。根际细菌多样性略小于非根际,两者的优势菌种为厚壁菌门、变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、绿弯菌门、粘球菌门、放线菌门、泉古菌门,其中仅酸杆菌门与有效磷显著正相关,丰度较高的菌种中厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门在根际的含量17.94%、5.21%高于非根际1.84%、3.90%,且两者与环境因子相关性不显著。梭菌纲、拟杆菌纲和芽孢杆菌纲在根际的丰度比非根际分别高出14.05%、1.32%、2.06%。(3)UPGMA聚类树表明,‘中山杉118’根际R4样品独聚一枝,非根际样品NR4和NR5聚为一枝,NR1、NR2和NR3与根际R1、R2、R3、R5聚为一枝,R4的物种多样性及物种丰度明显低于其他样品且分布不均匀。研究结果表明尽管幼龄‘中山杉118’根际效应较弱,但其是根际厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门的富集的主要因素,栽培过程中应多补充微量元素,适量补充大量元素。 |
关键词: ‘中山杉118’,根际,非根际,细菌,土壤养分,高通量测序 |
DOI: |
分类号:S718.83 |
基金项目:安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2021A0861);宿州市国家生态园林城市创建及既有公共绿地养护管理提升研究(880456);安徽科技学院校级人才引进自然科学项目(JZYJ202001) |
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Rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere bacterial characteristics of young 'Zhongshan Shanshan 118' in Huaihe plain, northern Anhui |
CHENG Yan-li1, CHEN Hong1, YANG Xi2, HAN Yong-you2, XU Chen1, ZHANG Yuan-bing1
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Abstract: |
In order to explore the effects of ecological landscape greening tree species 'Zhongshan Shanshan 118' on soil ecosystem in Huaihe Plain, north Anhui Province, the differences of soil nutrients, microbial groups and their influencing factors between rhizosphere (R) and non-rhizosphere (NR) were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) The R enrichment ability of macroelements was weak. The available nitrogen and available phosphorus were deficient; the total nitrogen was equal to the NR soil; and the total phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium had a low degree of enrichment. The R enrichment ability of microelement (iron, copper, manganese) was strong. And the available manganese content in R was significantly higher than that in NR. Both R and NR soils of 'Zhongshan Shanshan 118' are alkaline. pH of R is slightly lower than that of NR, and electrical conductivity of R is also higher than that of NR. The R has a certain degree of enrichment in available sodium, available magnesium and available calcium, as well as a certain degree of enrichment in organic carbon and organic matter. (2) Based on the significant difference test of community structure between groups by Anosim, the R value was 0.224 (P=0.022), which was significantly greater than 0, indicating that there was a significant difference between the R and NR bacterial communities of 'Zhongshan Shanshan 118'. The total OTUs of R and NR were 5283. There were 1307 unique OTUs in R and 1265 OTUs in NR. The bacterial diversity of R was slightly less than that of the NR, and the dominant species were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Myxococcota, Actinobacteria, and Crenarchaeota in R and NR, among which only Acidobacteriota was significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus. The contents of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in R were 17.94% and 5.21%, higher than 1.84% and 3.90% in NR, and they had no significant correlation with environmental factors. The abundance of Clostridia, Bacteroidia and Bacilli in the R was 14.05%, 1.32% and 2.06% higher than that than that in the NR, respectively. (3) UPGMA clustering tree showed that R4 were isolated. NR4, NR5 were clustered and isolated from the NR1, NR2, NR3, R1, R2, R3 and R5. The species diversity and abundance of R4 were significantly lower than other samples, and the distribution was not uniform. The results showed that although the R effect of 'Zhongshan Shanshan 118' was weak, it was the main factor for the enrichment of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the R. In the cultivation process, more microelement should be used, and a moderate amount of elements should be added. |
Key words: 'Zhongshan Shanshan 118', rhizosphere, non-rhizosphere, bacterial, soil nutrients, high throughput sequencing |