Page 187 - 《广西植物》2023年第12期
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12 期 庞丽等: 解磷菌肥不同施用方式对马尾松家系根系生长及磷素营养的影响 2 3 5 3
( 1. College of Agricultureꎬ Anshun Collegeꎬ Anshun 561000ꎬ Guizhouꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. College of Resources and Environmental Engineeringꎬ Anshun
Collegeꎬ Anshun 561000ꎬ Guizhouꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. Masson Pine Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland
Administrationꎬ Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tree Breedingꎬ Research Institute of Subtropical
Forestryꎬ Chinese Academy of Forestryꎬ Hangzhou 311400ꎬ China )
Abstract: In order to study the effect of different application modes of phosphorus ̄solubilizing bacterial fertilizer (PSB
fertilizer) on seedling phosphorus nutrition of Pinus massonianaꎬ a pot inoculation experiment with local and evenly
application of PSB fertilizer was set up. We studied the responses of P uptake and root growth of different P. massoniana
families under different PSB fertilizer treatments through using WinRHIZO Pro STD1600+ root image analysis software and
Molybdenum antimony colorimetric method. The results were as follows: (1)Inoculating PSB fertilizer had a significant
effect on growth of P. massoniana seedlings. The main growth indexesꎬ such as seedling heightꎬ ground diameterꎬ root dry
matter weightꎬ root/ shoot and whole plant dry matter weightꎬ significantly increased under local treatment. (2) Local
treatment significantly increased the root lengthꎬ root surface areaꎬ root volume and root tip number of seedlings. The root
length of 0<root diameter (D) ≤0.5 mm fine roots under local treatment was nearly three times of that under evenly
treatment. Differences of root growth were related to the heterogeneous distribution of soil P caused by localized application
of PSB fertilizer under the two treatments. (3) Inoculating PSB fertilizer significantly increased the P uptake of rootꎬ stemꎬ
leave and whole plantꎬ and the local treatment was significantly higher than evenly treatment. Correlation analysis showed
that P uptake of seedlings was significantly positively correlated with root morphological parameters and root length of D≤
1.0 mm. This indicated that local treatment promoted P uptake by inducing root growth. (4)Due to the genetic backgroundꎬ
the families of P. massoniana showed different performance under application of PSB fertilizer. The low phophorus tolerance
provenance No. 22 was a much sensitive familyꎬ and all growth indexes were significantly higher than those of No. 10 and
No. 50 families. In conclusionꎬ local application of PSB fertilizer significantly promoted the growth and P uptake of P.
massoniana families under low P environmentꎬ and this study provides guidances for the management of P. massoniana
plantation under P poor sites.
Key words: PSB fertilizerꎬ Pinus massoniana familyꎬ low P environmentꎬ root growthꎬ P uptake
马尾松(Pinus massoniana) 是我国亚热带地区 菌肥不仅能够改善土壤理化性质、提高土壤有效
最重要、分布最广的速生用材树种之一ꎮ 根据第 磷含量ꎬ还能够促进植物根系的生长发育ꎬ增加植
九次森林资源清查结果显示ꎬ我国马尾松人工林 物对土壤磷素的吸收ꎬ进而改善植物生长和磷营
种植面积已达 804 万公顷ꎬ支撑着我国造纸、木材 养状况(李巧玲等ꎬ2022)ꎮ 吕俊等(2020) 将 1 株
加工、林产化工等众多产业的发展ꎮ 然而ꎬ由于我 伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia sp.) WJ27 接种于马尾
国南方 地 区 主 要 分 布 着 酸 性 土 壤ꎬ 土 壤 中 超 过 松盆栽苗木中ꎬ研究表明马尾松幼苗主根长、苗高
90% 的磷素被吸附固定ꎬ导致其有效磷含量较低 及磷素含量等显著增加ꎮ 乔欢等(2016) 将 2 株高
(张福锁等ꎬ 2007ꎻ 张一等ꎬ2010)ꎮ 与其他速生用 效 解 磷 真 菌 Penicillium guanacastense JP ̄NJ2 和
材树种相比ꎬ马尾松对土壤磷素匮乏更加敏感ꎬ因 P. pinophilum JPNJ4 接种于马尾松盆栽苗木中ꎬ发
此磷成为限制马尾松人工林生产力的主要因素 现其对马尾松苗高和地径具有良好的促生作用ꎮ
(Zhang et al.ꎬ 2013ꎻ 张东北等ꎬ2019)ꎮ 研究接种解磷菌肥对植物的促生效果及其影
解 磷 菌 肥 ( phosphorus ̄solubilizing bacteria 响因素ꎬ有助于合理地开发及广泛地应用解磷菌
fertilizerꎬ简称 PSB fertilizer)是一种微生物菌肥ꎬ其 肥ꎮ 众多研究表明ꎬ植物对土壤养分均匀和局部
富含的解磷微生物能够通过酸解作用和 / 或酶解 供应的响应存在显著差异( Zhang & Forderꎬ 2000ꎻ
作用ꎬ将土壤中固定磷转化为有效磷供植物吸收 李翠红等ꎬ2016)ꎮ 目前大多数盆栽和大田试验均
利 用 ( Bergkemper et al.ꎬ 2016ꎻ Adnane et al.ꎬ 是将解磷菌肥与基质或土壤混匀后施用ꎬ或直接
2021)ꎮ 研究表明ꎬ从植物根际土壤中筛选出的解 施于播种层(郜春花等ꎬ2003ꎻ 吴文丽等ꎬ2016ꎻ 郑
磷微生物ꎬ通过溶解土壤中不同形态的磷ꎬ加速磷 淇元等ꎬ2022)ꎬ对解磷菌肥分区施用形成的磷素
组分的转 化ꎬ 提 高 土 壤 速 效 磷 含 量 ( 黄 鹏 飞 等ꎬ 异质性分布如何影响植物的生长发育及其磷素吸
2012ꎻ 吕俊等ꎬ2020ꎻ 刘耀辉等ꎬ2022)ꎮ 施加解磷 收尚不清楚ꎮ 在生物菌肥已成为我国肥料产业中

