Page 46 - 《广西植物》2024年第7期
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1 2 4 6                                广  西  植  物                                         44 卷
                 ( 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservationꎬ College of Forestryꎬ Guangxi Universityꎬ Nanning 530004ꎬ Chinaꎻ
                  2. Guangxi Youyiguang Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Stationꎬ Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Observation and
                                      Research Station of Guangxiꎬ Pingxiang 532600ꎬ Guangxiꎬ China )


                 Abstract: Soil aggregates are the basic unit of soil structure. The stability of soil aggregates is an important indicator for
                 evaluating soil structure and soil fertility. In order to explore the effects of Acacia mangium on particle size distribution
                 and stability of soil aggregates of Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla plantationsꎬ we measured the distribution and stability
                 of aggregates indicators such as mean weight diameter ( MWD)ꎬ geometric mean diameter ( GMD)ꎬ mass fractal
                 dimension (Dm)ꎬ water stable aggregates (WSA)ꎬ percentage of aggregates destruction (PAD) and aggregates stability
                 index (ASI) in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers by the dry sieving method and the wet sieving methodꎬ and a pure
                 plantation of E. grandis × urophylla (PP) and a mixed plantation containing E. grandis × urophylla and Acacia mangium
                 (nitrogen ̄fixing tree species) (MP) were selected as the research objects. The results were as follows: (1) Compared
                 with PPꎬ the soil physicochemical properties of MP were improved in varying degreesꎬ especially soil pHꎬ organic
                 carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN). (2) The particle size distribution of soil aggregates in MP was better than that
                 of PPꎬ and the differences mainly in the particle sizes of >2.00 mm and <0.25 mmꎬ but both were dominated by large
                 aggregates (>0.25 mm). Compared with PPꎬ the mechanical stability of aggregates in MP only increased significantly at
                 0-10 cm soil layerꎬ but the water stability of aggregates in MP increased significantly at 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil
                 layer. The mechanical stability and water stability of soil aggregates tended to decrease with the deepening of soil
                 layer. (3) Mantel analysis showed that the stability of aggregates was significantly correlated with pHꎬ SOCꎬ TNꎬ TPꎬ
                 BD and SPꎬ and the stability of aggregates had the strongest correlation with TN. RDA analysis indicated that TN was the
                 most critical factor driving the variation of stability aggregates. Our findings suggest that nitrogen ̄fixing tree species
                 A. mangium can significantly improve proportion of macroaggregates (>0.25 mm) and the stability of soil aggregates in
                 Eucalyptus plantations. This study can provide a theoretical reference for soil and water conservationꎬ soil nutrient
                 management and sustainable management of Eucalyptus plantations in the South Asian tropics.
                 Key words: soil aggregatesꎬ mechanical stabilityꎬ water stabilityꎬ Eucalyptus plantationsꎬ nitrogen ̄fixing tree species




                土壤团聚体是土壤结构的基本单元ꎬ有着协                            2005)、土壤微生物数量和活性(Lin et al.ꎬ 2019)、
            调土壤水肥气热、影响土壤酶的种类和活性以及                              土地利用方式、管理措施、气候条件及植被类型等
            维持和稳定土壤疏松熟化层的作用( 卢金伟和李                             (董莉丽ꎬ2020)密切相关ꎮ 国内外学者对团聚体稳
            占斌ꎬ2002ꎻSix et al.ꎬ 2004)ꎮ 一 般 认 为ꎬ > 0. 25        定性的研究主要集中在团聚体稳定性量化理论与
            mm 水稳定性团聚体的数量是判定土壤肥沃的关                             方法(Ding & Zhangꎬ 2016ꎻAksakal et al.ꎬ 2020) 和
            键标志之一ꎬ可以反映土壤的养分供给、通气持水                             团聚 体 稳 定 性 影 响 因 素 及 其 机 制 等 ( 董 莉 丽ꎬ
            能力ꎬ决定土壤生产力水平和抗侵蚀能力( 蔡立群                            2020)ꎬ涉及农田、湿地、草原、森林等生态系统(刘
            等ꎬ2008ꎻDelelegn et al.ꎬ 2017)ꎮ                     亚龙等ꎬ2023)ꎮ 团聚体稳定性的测定方法主要有
                 土壤团聚体稳定性是影响土壤结构的重要因                           干筛法、湿筛法和 Le Bissonnais 法等ꎬ干筛法用于评

            素ꎬ也是土壤肥力和质量的关键指标 ( Six et al.ꎬ                     估团聚体机械稳定性ꎬ湿筛法用于评估团聚体水稳
            2000ꎻBronick & Lalꎬ 2005)ꎮ 作为一种土壤物理特               定性ꎬ而 Le Bissonnais 法则用于探究团聚体破碎机

            性ꎬ改善土壤团聚体稳定性有助于抵御土壤破坏ꎬ                             制(董莉丽ꎬ2020)ꎮ 湿筛法所得的大团聚体比例往
            并在土壤受到不同破坏性物理应力(包括降雨和地                             往会低于干筛法ꎬ两种方法在团聚体粒径分布方面

            表径流) 时保持其特定的结构( Besalatpour et al.ꎬ                的差异可能主要在于两种方法施加到土壤上的能
            2013ꎻLi et al.ꎬ 2013)ꎻ提高土壤团聚体稳定性可以                 量不同(Zhu et al.ꎬ 2021)以及团聚体破裂的方式不
            极大地改善土壤结构和肥力ꎬ防止土壤退化引起的                             同(王秀颖等ꎬ2011)ꎮ
            土壤侵蚀和其他环境问题(Zhu et al.ꎬ 2017)ꎮ 土壤                      桉树(Eucalyptus)具有适应性广、抗逆性强、生
            团聚体稳定性与土壤有机质含量( Bronick & Lalꎬ                     长迅速等特点ꎬ在广西、广东、海南及福建等沿海
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