Page 21 - 《广西植物》2025年第6期
P. 21
6 期 杨倩等: 土地利用类型和水热条件影响喀斯特地区土壤无机磷和生物有效磷组分的特征 1 0 0 7
1 2ꎬ4 3 2ꎬ4
YANG Qian ꎬ ZHANG Wei ꎬ LIANG Yueming ꎬ WANG Kelin ꎬ
2ꎬ4 1∗
HU Peilei ꎬ PAN Fujing
( 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Controlꎬ College of Environmental and Engineeringꎬ Guilin
University of Technologyꎬ Guilin 541006ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. Institute of Subtropical Agricultureꎬ Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Changsha
410125ꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. Karst Dynamics Laboratoryꎬ Ministry of Natural Resourcesꎬ Institute of Karst Geologyꎬ Chinese Academy of Geological
Sciencesꎬ Guilin 541004ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 4. Huanjiang Agriculture Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxiꎬ Guangxi
Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Servicesꎬ Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst
Ecosystemsꎬ Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Huanjiang 547100ꎬ Guangxiꎬ China )
Abstract: In order to gain an understanding of the characteristics of soil inorganic phosphorus and bioavailable
phosphorus fractions affected by land use types and hydrothermal conditions in karst regionsꎬ the characteristics of soil
inorganic phosphorus and bioavailable phosphorus fractions in karst regions were analyzed and compared across
croplandsꎬ artificial forestsꎬ and natural forests in low hydrothermal regions (Nanchuan District in Chongqingꎬ Dushan
and Suiyang counties in Guizhou) and high hydrothermal regions (Huanjiang Countyꎬ Mashan County/ Wuming Districtꎬ
and Longzhou County in Guangxi). One way analysis of varianceꎬ two ̄factor analysis of varianceꎬ and correlation
analysis were used to explore the different characteristics and the relationship between soil inorganic phosphorus fractions
and bioavailable phosphorus fractions under the influence of land use types and hydrothermal conditions. Redundancy
analysis was used to explore the key inorganic phosphorus fractions influencing soil bioavailable phosphorus
fractions. The results were as follows: (1) Soil inorganic phosphorus fractions were significantly affected by land use
types. The contents of dicalcium phosphate (Ca  ̄P)ꎬ octacalcium phosphate (Ca  ̄P)ꎬ phosphorus adsorbed on the Al
2 8
oxides surfaces (Al ̄P)ꎬ phosphorus adsorbed on the Fe oxides surfaces (Fe ̄P)ꎬ occluded phosphorus (O ̄P) and
decalcium phosphate (Ca  ̄P) in the soils of croplands were found to be higher than those in the soils of artificial forests
10
and natural forests. Furthermoreꎬ the contents of Ca  ̄Pꎬ Fe ̄P and O ̄P exhibited the order of croplands > artificial
8
forests > natural forestsꎬ whereas the contents of Ca  ̄P and phosphorus extracted by hydrochloric acid ( HCl ̄P )
2
demonstrated the order of croplands > natural forests > artificial forests. (2) In high hydrothermal regionsꎬ Ca  ̄P and
10
O ̄P contents of natural forests soils were significantly higher than in low hydrothermal regionsꎬ and phosphorus extracted
by enzymes ( Enzyme ̄P ) contents of plantation and artificial forests soils were higher than in low hydrothermal
regions. (3) Soil inorganic phosphorus fractions Ca  ̄Pꎬ Ca  ̄Pꎬ Al ̄Pꎬ Fe ̄P and Ca  ̄P contents were significantly and
2 8 10
positively correlated with bioavailable phosphorus fractions CaCl  ̄P and HCl ̄P contents. Redundancy analysis showed
2
that Ca  ̄P was the key fraction affecting the bioavailable phosphorus fractions. The results indicate that land use types
2
and hydrothermal conditions are key factors influencing the characteristics of soil inorganic phosphorus fractions and
bioavailable phosphorus fractions. Increasing the contents of inorganic phosphorus fractions has a positive effect on
bioavailable phosphorus fractions. Thereforeꎬ consideration should be given to the potential effects of future climate
change on the fractions and availability of phosphorus in soilꎬ thereby promoting the restoration of karst ecosystems.
Key words: karst ecosystemꎬ land use typesꎬ hydrothermal conditionsꎬ inorganic phosphorus fractionsꎬ
bioavailable phosphorus
磷是植物生长必不可少的营养元素( 朱永官 植物吸收的非活性磷ꎬ因此全球陆地生态系统普
等ꎬ2014)ꎮ 土壤中磷素的供给状况直接影响着植 遍存在磷限制( Vitousek et al.ꎬ 2010)ꎮ 土壤中的
物的生长发育ꎮ 土壤磷主要来源于矿物岩石的风 磷只有转化成可溶性的无机磷才能被植物吸收利
化释放和大气输入ꎬ随着土壤磷素不断风化消耗ꎬ 用(Hedley et al.ꎬ 1982)ꎬ因此ꎬ土壤磷形态的分布
而逐 渐 成 为 植 物 生 长 的 限 制 性 养 分 ( Newmanꎬ 特征 在 很 大 程 度 上 决 定 了 磷 的 生 物 有 效 性
1995)ꎮ 自然状态下土壤中的磷素极易被土壤矿 (Hinojosa et al.ꎬ 2012ꎻ Zhang et al.ꎬ 2020)ꎮ
物、氧化铁铝、土壤黏粒等吸附固定ꎬ产生不利于 不同土壤磷形态分布特征受到多种因素的影

