Page 20 - 《广西植物》2026年第1期
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1 6 广 西 植 物 46 卷
1ꎬ2 3 3 2ꎬ4 2ꎬ5
WANG Siqi ꎬ WANG Jian ꎬ HUANG Yepeng ꎬ MU Liqiang ꎬ ZHENG Baojiang ꎬ
6 7 8 2ꎬ4ꎬ9 2ꎬ4
WANG Ling ꎬ SUN Yan ꎬ LI Zhongyue ꎬ DONG Shang ꎬ ZHENG Lantao ꎬ
6 6 2ꎬ4 10
SHI Gongfa ꎬ FANG Linlin ꎬ ZHANG Yutong ꎬ ZHANG Yuhong ꎬ
10∗ 2ꎬ4∗ 2ꎬ4ꎬ11
JIANG Shengwei ꎬ WANG Hongfeng ꎬ MA Keping
( 1. College of Chemistryꎬ Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilizationꎬ Northeast Forestry Universityꎬ Harbin 150040ꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. Northeast Asia
Biodiversity Research Centerꎬ Northeast Forestry Universityꎬ Harbin 150040ꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. Chaoyang Ecological Environment Affairs Service Centerꎬ
Chaoyang 122000ꎬ Liaoningꎬ Chinaꎻ 4. College of Forestryꎬ Northeast Forestry Universityꎬ Harbin 150040ꎬ Chinaꎻ 5. College of Life Sciencesꎬ
Northeast Forestry Universityꎬ Harbin 150040ꎬ Chinaꎻ 6. College of Landscape Architectureꎬ Northeast Forestry Universityꎬ Harbin 150040ꎬ Chinaꎻ
7. College of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environmentꎬ Heilongjiang Universityꎬ Harbin 150080ꎬ Chinaꎻ 8. College of Forestryꎬ Shandong
Agricultural Universityꎬ Taian 271018ꎬ Shandongꎬ Chinaꎻ 9. Yichun Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestyꎬ Yichun 153000ꎬ
Heilongjiangꎬ Chinaꎻ 10. Liaoning Forestry and Grassland Administrationꎬ Shenyang 110804ꎬ Chinaꎻ 11. Institute of
Botanyꎬ Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Beijing 100093ꎬ China)
Abstract: To systematically understand thebasic status of national key protected wild plants in Liaoning Province and to
support local biodiversity conservation decision ̄makingꎬ based on the List of National Key Protected Wild Plants (2021
edition)ꎬ integrating specimen records and field survey data from Liaoning Provinceꎬ a comprehensive analysis covering
species compositionꎬ geographical distributionꎬ endangerment levelsꎬ threat factorsꎬ and protection status were
conducted. County ̄level spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis methods were used to explore distribution clustering
patterns. Threat types were classified by combining internal and external factorsꎬ and classification conservation strategies
were put forward. The results were as follows: (1) There were a total of 32 types of nationally protected wild plants
distributed in Liaoning Provinceꎬ belonging to 21 families and 26 generaꎬ with Orchidaceae and Liliaceae as the
dominant families. (2) The distribution exhibited a distinct spatial patternꎬ with high species richness and aggregation in
the southeastern region (notably Fengcheng and Kuandian)ꎬ and sparse distribution in the northwest. (3) 90.63% of
these species had been effectively protected in situ within nature reserves. (4) These protected plants faced complex
threatsꎬ including habitat degradationꎬ overharvestingꎬ climate changeꎬ ecological competitionꎬ and population
ecological vulnerability. The conclusions are as follows: (1) National key protected wild plants in Liaoning exhibit
typical boundary distribution characteristicsꎬ and greater attention should be paid to edge populations in conservation
area planning. (2) Threats arise from interactions between internal and external factorsꎬ and conservation measures
should be stratified and classified accordingly based on threat types and protection conditions. (3) It is recommended to
establish an integrated conservation framework that includes intelligent monitoringꎬ ex situ conservationꎬ legal and policy
supportꎬ and public engagement. These findings provide a scientific basis for biodiversity management and policy ̄making
in Liaoning Province.
Key words: protected plantꎬ Liaoning Provinceꎬ spatial distributionꎬ hotspot analysisꎬ threat factors
全球生物多样性丧失已成为 21 世纪最严峻 物种、生态系统关键种以及具有重要经济价值物
的生态挑战之一ꎬ从遗传多样性衰减到生态系统 种的保护(鲁兆莉等ꎬ2021)ꎮ 尤其是从“单一物种
服务功能退化ꎬ正全方位威胁人类福祉与可持续 保护”向“生态系统功能维护”的转变ꎬ反映了我国
发展的根基( Díaz et al.ꎬ 2019)ꎮ 在这一背景下ꎬ 植物多样性保护理念的科学化转型ꎬ标志着我国
2021 年新版« 国家重点保护野生植物名录» 的颁 植物保护策略的系统性升级ꎬ更体现了对全球生
布ꎬ标志着我国生物多样性保护进入精准化、系统 物多样性治理的深刻理解ꎮ 与此同时ꎬ我国植物
化的新阶段(吴欣静等ꎬ2023)ꎮ 新版较 1999 年版 多样性正面临“ 保护成效提升与物种丧失风险并
删减 44 种、新增 267 种 32 类ꎬ保 护 植 物 总 数 是 存”的双重挑战:一方面ꎬ保护地面积持续扩大ꎻ另
1999 年版的 3.6 倍ꎬ重点强化了对极度珍稀濒危 一方面ꎬ仍有很多物种面临着种群衰退的风险ꎮ

