Page 18 - 《广西植物》2026年第3期
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3 9 4 广 西 植 物 46 卷
1ꎬ2ꎬ3 3 1ꎬ2 3
LIU Liwei ꎬ LI Jian ꎬ ZHANG Jihai ꎬ CHEN Jianbing ꎬ
3∗ 1ꎬ2ꎬ4ꎬ5∗
WANG Meina ꎬ LONG Chunlin
( 1. Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China)ꎬ National Ethnic Affairs Commission of Chinaꎬ
Beijing 100081ꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. College of Life and Environmental Sciencesꎬ Minzu University of Chinaꎬ Beijing 100081ꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. Orchid
Conservation & Research Center of Shenzhen and National Orchid Conservation Center of Chinaꎬ Shenzhen Key Laboratory
for Orchid Conservation and Utilizationꎬ Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid
Conservation and Utilizationꎬ Shenzhen 518114ꎬ Guangdongꎬ Chinaꎻ 4. Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu
University of China)ꎬ Ministry of Education of Chinaꎬ Beijing 100081ꎬ Chinaꎻ 5. Institute of
National Security Studiesꎬ Minzu University of Chinaꎬ Beijing 100081ꎬ China )
Abstract: The materia medica of Shixiantao holds a prominent place in Chinese folk tradition with a long history of
extensive use. It functions both as a traditional medicinal plant commonly used and as a resource possessing significant
value in dietary culture. To address issues such as historical confusion in its botanical origin recordsꎬ discrepancies
among provincial standardsꎬ and the lack of systematized traditional medicinal knowledgeꎬ this study integrated medical
ethnobotany on historical herbal textsꎬ local chronicles of Chinese materia medicaꎬ and ethnomedical literature. Through
this processꎬ traditional knowledge regarding nomenclatureꎬ botanical originsꎬ morphological characteristicsꎬ and
geographical distribution was consolidated. Furthermoreꎬ an ethnobotanical inventory of Shixiantaos traditional medicinal
knowledge across thirteen ethnic groups was compiled. And based on bibliometricsꎬ this study counted the research
reports on Shixiantao in the past 40 years domestically and internationallyꎬ analyzed the keywords of the published
articles to reveal the correlation between its traditional knowledge and modern researchꎬ and integrated progress in
chemistry and pharmacology. The results were as follows: (1) The origin of Shixiantao exhibits significant diachronic
evolution and confusion. The earliest medicinal documentationꎬ traced to the Tang dynastyꎬ featured Pholidota
yunnanensis as a substitute for the materia medica of Dendrobium spp. (Shihu). From the Qing dynasty to the Republican
periodꎬ diverse sources were involvedꎬ including plants from genera like Coelogyne and Bulbophyllum. Modern literature
establishes Pholidota chinensis as the accepted originꎬyet the folk market continues to see trade in multiple speciesꎬ
including Pholidota cantonensis and Coelogyne fimbriata. (2) Shixiantao is currently incorporated into the medical
systems of 13 ethnic groupsꎬ primarily utilizing the pseudobulbs to treat headachesꎬ traumatic injuriesꎬ lymph node
tuberculosisꎬ etc. Records of its traditional propertyꎬ flavorꎬ meridian tropismꎬ and efficacy are highly consistent with
modern pharmacological research. (3) Bibliometric statistics show that research concerning Shixiantao over the past 40
years has focused on chemical components (phenanthrenesꎬ bibenzylsꎬ etc.) and the mechanisms of analgesic and anti ̄
inflammatory activitiesꎬ providing strong evidence supporting its traditional efficacy in treating headachesꎬ inflammationꎬ
etc.ꎬ highlighting the important inspiration of ethnic medicinal experience for modern research. This study represents the
first systematic integration of Shixiantaos historical evolution of botanical origin according to historical herbsꎬ multi ̄
ethnic traditional knowledgeꎬ and modern scientific evidenceꎬ confirming the inspirational value of ethnic medicinal
experience for contemporary drug research. Future research should prioritize resolving taxonomic confusion among closely
related species and ensuring resource sustainability. Under these premisesꎬ a synergistic innovation system integrating
traditional knowledgeꎬ resource conservation and modern research and development should be constructed to promote the
inheritance of ethnic medicinal culture and ecological conservation.
Key words: Shixiantaoꎬ original plantꎬ folk medicinal experienceꎬ traditional knowledgeꎬ ethnobotany
全球民族药用植物资源是民族医药系统的 统知识传承断裂的影响下ꎬ民族药用植物资源及
构成基础( 郑润萍和鲍本育ꎬ2025) ꎬ其中蕴含的 传统 知 识 正 面 临 着 严 重 的 流 失 风 险 ( Eshete &
传统知识是现代新药发现与健康产品开发的重 Mollaꎬ 2021) ꎮ 传统药用植物的有效挖掘常受限
要源泉ꎮ 然而ꎬ在全球化、现代化的发展以及传 于其基原植物历史沿革不清与现代系统性研究

