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Guihaia Oct. 2022ꎬ 42(10): 1767-1771
DOI: 10.11931/ guihaia.gxzw202009028
王琦ꎬ 严靖. 中国仙人掌科一新归化种———匍地仙人掌 [J]. 广西植物ꎬ 2022ꎬ 42(10): 1767-1771.
WANG Qꎬ YAN Jꎬ et al. Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf.ꎬ a newly naturalized species of Cactaceae in China [J]. Guihaiaꎬ
2022ꎬ 42(10): 1767-1771.
中国仙人掌科一新归化种———匍地仙人掌
王 琦ꎬ 严 靖 ∗
( 上海辰山植物园ꎬ 上海 201602 )
摘 要: 在进行多肉植物资源调查时ꎬ在我国山东省发现一仙人掌科仙人掌属新记录种———匍地仙人掌
[Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf.]ꎮ 该种具有独特的匍匐生长习性ꎬ叶状茎深绿色ꎬ无白霜ꎬ无针状刺ꎬ花黄色ꎬ
与国内分布的仙人掌属其他物种区别明显ꎮ 匍地仙人掌原产于北美洲ꎬ是仙人掌科为数不多的耐寒种类之
一ꎬ现归化于中国山东省日照市五莲县ꎬ系目前发现的在我国野外分布最北的仙人掌科植物ꎮ 该种可能于
20 世纪 50 年代在国家推广中药材时期引入种植ꎬ人类活动致使其种群逐渐扩散ꎮ 同时ꎬ对匍地仙人掌与江
苏报道的二色仙人掌之间的分类学问题进行了论述ꎬ并对将来匍地仙人掌在我国暖温带地区合理的开发利
用进行了展望ꎮ
关键词: 匍地仙人掌ꎬ 归化种ꎬ 中国新记录ꎬ 二色仙人掌ꎬ 仙人掌科
中图分类号: Q949 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000 ̄3142(2022)10 ̄1767 ̄05
Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf.ꎬ a newly naturalized
species of Cactaceae in China
∗
WANG Qiꎬ YAN Jing
( Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Gardenꎬ Shanghai 201602ꎬ China )
Abstract: Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. (Cactaceae)ꎬ a newly recorded species in Chinaꎬ was discovered during a survey
of succulent resources. This species is distinct from other Opuntia species distributed in Chinaꎬ with the dark green prostrate
cladodesꎬ no glaucousꎬ spines absentꎬ and bright yellow flowers. O. humifusa is one of the few hardy species in the family
Cactaceae. It is native to North America and has been recently naturalized in Wulian Countyꎬ Rizhao Cityꎬ Shandong
Provinceꎬ China. It is the northernmost wild cactus found in China. This species might have been introduced and planted
during the national promotion of Chinese herbal medicine in the 1950sꎬ and gradually spreaded through human
activities. Here we clarify the taxonomic problems of O. humifusa and O. cespitosa in Jiangsu Provinceꎬ and deliver
perspective views for future reasonable development and utilization of O. humifusa in the warm temperate zone of China.
收稿日期: 2020-12-02
基金项目: 上海市绿化与市容管理局科研项目(G182425ꎬG182419) [Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Shanghai Landscaping &
City Appearance Administrative Bureau (G182425ꎬ G182419)]ꎮ
第一作者: 王琦(1986-)ꎬ硕士ꎬ工程师ꎬ主要从事植物引种保育研究ꎬ(E ̄mail)huyt0123@foxmail.comꎮ
∗
通信作者: 严靖ꎬ硕士ꎬ助理研究员ꎬ主要从事植物分类与入侵生物学研究ꎬ(E ̄mail)yan.jing01@163.comꎮ