Page 155 - 《广西植物》2022年第10期
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10 期 杨斌等: 中国哥纳香属(番荔枝科)植物新资料 1 7 7 3
摘 要: 番荔枝科(Annonaceae)是基部被子植物木兰目(Magnoliales)中较进化且物种数最多的科ꎮ 目前的
系统发育研究将番荔枝科划分为 4 个亚科ꎬ即蒙蒿子亚科( Anaxagoreoideae)、澄光木亚科( Ambavioideae)、
番荔枝亚科(Annonoideae) 和排石木亚科(Malmeoideae)ꎬ有 107 属ꎬ2 400 多种ꎬ中国原产 21 属约 110 种ꎮ
番荔枝科泛热带分布ꎬ是热带植物区系的优势类群ꎬ中国云南盈江位于云南省最西部边境ꎬ与缅甸东北部接
壤ꎬ并与印度的东阿萨姆较近ꎬ植物区系处于东南亚(印度—马来西亚) 热带生物区系向东亚亚热带-温带
生物区系的过渡地带ꎬ属典型热带北缘性质ꎬ在植被地理和生物地理上十分重要ꎬ成为生物多样性保护的关
键和热点地区ꎮ 该区的热带雨林是印度阿萨姆和缅甸北部的热带雨林向东和向北扩散分布的边缘类型ꎬ是
东南亚热带雨林在纬度和海拔分布上的极限类型ꎮ 该文报道了采自中国云南省盈江县ꎬ引种保存于中国科
学院西双版纳 热 带 植 物 园 的 番 荔 枝 科 哥 纳 香 属 2 个 中 国 新 记 录 种ꎬ 即 皱 叶 哥 纳 香 [ Goniothalamus
sesquipedalis (Colebr. ex Wall.) Hook. f. & Thomson] 和长梗哥纳香( G. peduncularis King & Prain)ꎮ Flora of
China 将盈江哥纳香(G. lii X. L. Hou & Y. M. Shui)处理为云南哥纳香(G. yunnanensis W. T. Wang)的异名ꎬ
基于活植物观察、馆藏标本和文献研究ꎬ该文对盈江哥纳香的分类地位进行了澄清ꎬ将其处理为长梗哥纳香
的异名ꎮ 皱叶哥纳香原记载产于印度、孟加拉国和缅甸等地ꎬ长梗哥纳香仅产于缅甸ꎬ该文对它们进行了补
充描述ꎬ并提供彩色图版以便于鉴别ꎮ 凭证标本存放于中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园标本馆(HITBC)ꎮ
哥纳香属 2 个新记录的发现ꎬ丰富了中国番荔枝科植物多样性的认识ꎬ为中国云南热带植物区系属于热带
亚洲(印度—马来西亚)植物区系ꎬ以及与缅甸北部、印度东北部植物区系的关系增加了例证ꎮ
关键词: 哥纳香属ꎬ 番荔枝科ꎬ 新记录ꎬ 盈江县ꎬ 分类学
Goniothalamus ( Blume) Hook. f. & Thomsonꎬ 皱叶哥纳香 新拟ꎬ 图版 Iꎻ 图版Ⅲ: A
comprising over 130 species of trees and shrubsꎬ is one Goniothalamus sesquipedalis (Colebr. ex Wall.)
of the largest palaeotropical genera in the Annonaceaeꎬ Hook. f. & Thomsonꎬ Fl. Ind.: 108ꎬ 1855. (Plate Iꎻ
mainly distributed from India and Sri Lanka to tropical Plate Ⅲ: A)
Australia and the South Pacific Islands ( Saunders & Type: Guatteria sesquipedalis Colebr. ex Wall. in
Chalermglinꎬ 2008ꎻ Nakkuntod et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ Turnerꎬ Wallichꎬ Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 42ꎬ t. 266ꎬ 1832. Type:
2014ꎻ Thomas et al.ꎬ 2017). In Chinaꎬ 11 species are Wallichꎬ Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: t. 266ꎬ 1832. ( lectotypeꎬ
currently recognized (Li & Gilbertꎬ 2011). designated by Turnerꎬ Nordic J. Bot. 33: 270ꎬ 2015).
During monitoring the living collections of Shrubsꎬ to 2 m tall. Young branches glabrous. Leaf
Annonaceae in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical laminas oblongꎬ 22 - 47 cm longꎬ 5.7 - 10.5 cm wideꎬ
Gardenꎬ Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2018 to length/ width ratio 3.4-7.2ꎬ apex acuminate to caudateꎬ
2021ꎬ two Goniothalamus species with flowers and fruits base cuneateꎬ sometimes attenuateꎬ coriaceousꎬ glabrous
were observed. The two species were introduced to abaxially and adaxiallyꎻ midrib glabrous and (strong)
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden ( XTBG) in prominent abaxiallyꎬ glabrous and impressed adaxiallyꎻ
1997 and 2002. After a detailed examination of the secondary veins 16 - 22 pairsꎬ interarching 5 - 10 mm
morphological characters of our materialsꎬ related from recurved marginꎬ impressed adaxiallyꎬ raised
literaturesꎬ and herbarium specimensꎬ we identified them abaxiallyꎻ tertiary veins reticulateꎬ distinctꎻ petioles
as Goniothalamus sesquipedalis ( Colebr. ex Wall.) 1.3- 2 cm longꎬ 2. 5 - 5 mm in diameterꎬ glabrous.
Hook. f. & Thomson and G. peduncularis King & Prainꎬ Flowers greenish ̄yellowꎬ solitaryꎬ axillary or extra ̄
respectively. G. sesquipedalis was originally distributed in axillaryꎬ often on the main trunk (cauliflory) and on
Indiaꎬ Bangladesh and Myanmar (Turnerꎬ 2015ꎬ 2018)ꎬ older branches (ramiflory)ꎻ flowering pedicels 3-5 mm
and G. peduncularis was only reported in Myanmar longꎻ pedicel bracts 2-6ꎬ 2-4 × 1.5-3 mm. Sepals 3ꎬ
( Turnerꎬ 2015ꎬ 2018 ). The two species therefore 5 -11 mm longꎬ 5-7 mm wideꎬ basally connateꎬ apex
represent two new records for the flora of Chinaꎬ in which acute to obtuseꎬ ovateꎬ puberulent abaxiallyꎬ sparsely
we update the descriptions and illustrate them herein. puberulent adaxiallyꎬ greenish ̄yellow. Outer petals 3ꎬ