Page 53 - 《广西植物》2023年第3期
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3 期      李佳奇等: 桂北喀斯特石漠化地区不同植物群落土壤种子库特征及其与土壤养分关系                                             4 5 3

                            1ꎬ2ꎬ3         1ꎬ2ꎬ3                  4              2ꎬ3               2ꎬ3
                   LI Jiaqi    ꎬ LI Yufei     ꎬ WANG Xiaojing ꎬ LI Jianxing ꎬ WEN Shujun ꎬ
                             2ꎬ3               2ꎬ3            2ꎬ3          2ꎬ3              2ꎬ3          2ꎬ3∗
            HUANG Fuzhao ꎬ TAN Yanfang ꎬ LU Shuhua ꎬ LU Fang ꎬ CHEN Ting ꎬ GUO Yili
            ( 1. College of Tourism and Landscape Architectureꎬ Guilin University of Technologyꎬ Guilinꎬ 541006ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 2. Guangxi Key Laboratory
              of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrainꎬ Guangxi Institute of Botanyꎬ Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese
                 Academy of Sciencesꎬ Guilinꎬ 541006ꎬ Guangxiꎬ Chinaꎻ 3. Nonggang Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxiꎬ
                          Chongzuo 532499ꎬ Chinaꎻ 4. Jiyuan Vocational and Technical Collegeꎬ Jiyuanꎬ 459000ꎬ Henanꎬ China )

                 Abstract: As a repository of genetic information of above ̄ground vegetationꎬ the soil seed bank plays an important role
                 in the natural succession and renewal of vegetation and the construction of ecological restoration. In this paperꎬ three
                 typical plant communities in the rocky desertification area of Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County were selected for the
                 studyꎬ and soil seed bank structure and diversity in different communities and their response to soil nutrient
                 characteristics were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 3 648 seedlings belonging to 55 species in 51
                 genera and 33 families were detectedꎬ which included 20 species of 1ꎬ 2 ̄year ̄old herbsꎬ 21 species of perennial herbsꎬ
                 5 species of vinesꎬ 3 species of shrubs and 6 species of treesꎻ the average density of soil seed bank of different plant
                                                                                                      ̄2
                 communities in karstic desertification areas of Gongcheng was Prunus salicina economic forest (22 493 grainm ) >
                                                           ̄2                                     ̄2
                 Cyclobalanopsis glauca secondary forest (1 033 grainm ) > Phyllostachys sulphurea shrub (793 grainm ). (2) As
                 for the plant life type of the soil seed bankꎬ the soil seed bank life type of Prunus salicina economic forest was mainly
                 annual malignant weedsꎬ the plant life type of the soil seed banks in the Cyclobalanopsis glauca secondary forest and
                 Phyllostachys sulphurea shrub was dominated by perennial herbsꎬ while woody plants account for a relatively small
                 proportionꎻ the species diversity and similarity of the soil seed banks of different vegetation types were generally lowꎬ
                 while the species composition of the soil seed banks also had low similarity with the aboveground communities. (3) The
                 soil elements in the study area had higher nitrogen content and lower phosphorus contentꎬ and phosphorus was a limiting
                 factor for plant growth in Phyllostachys sulphurea shrub and Quercus glauca secondary forest. In conclusionꎬ the plant
                 community in the stone desertification area of Gongcheng has some native germplasm resourcesꎬ but overall shows a low
                 species diversityꎬ and it is urgent to introduce native tree species artificially to accelerate the positive vegetation
                 succession on the basis of natural sequestrationꎬ and pay attention to nutrient managementꎬ especially the regulation of
                 phosphorus elements. The results provide a theoretical reference for karst stone desertification management and vegetation
                 restoration in Gongcheng.
                 Key words: rocky desertificationꎬ soil seed bankꎬ soil elementsꎬ land use typesꎬ vegetation restoration



                土壤种子库(soil seed bankꎬ SSB) 是指某一特                   植物群落多样性是全球植被生态系统多样性
            定时间内单位面积土壤表面和土壤中具有活力的                              基础研究体系的核心内容( 李基才ꎬ2007)ꎬ可充分
            种子总数(Grimeꎬ 1979ꎻ He et al.ꎬ 2016)ꎬ拥有着             反映出不同植物群落内部物种组成、空间结构、生
            成长为植物群落的潜力ꎬ也被认为是地上植物遗                              态功能等方面的异质性( 董雪等ꎬ2017)ꎮ 植物群
            传信息库( Ma et al.ꎬ 2010)ꎮ 当地表植被面临严                   落内部构成的物种多样性特征也同样反映出来自
            重退化时ꎬ土壤种子库的“ 缓冲” 作用将尽可能降                           群落外环境的影响(左小安等ꎬ2006)ꎬ如人为干扰
            低种群消失的风险ꎮ 相关试验表明ꎬ土壤种子库                             是影响喀斯特植物群落生态功能退化的重要因
            对物种多样性维持、植物群落恢复等方面具有重                              素ꎮ 广西恭城瑶族自治县喀斯特地貌占全县土地
            要作 用 ( Alvarez ̄Buylla & Martínez ̄Ramosꎬ 1990ꎻ      面积的 60%ꎬ山地土壤稀薄、干旱贫瘠ꎬ长期的人
            杨宁等ꎬ2014)ꎬ如边坡绿化和裸地植被重建( 梁耀                         为活动影响下造成水土大量流失以及植被退化
            元等ꎬ2009)、 滨 海 喀 斯 特 地 区 适 生 物 种 的 筛 选              (谢雨萍等ꎬ2009)ꎮ 目前恭城县喀斯特地区植物
            (Baeza & Vallejoꎬ 2008) 以 及 河 滨 带 生 态 恢 复          群落在不同程度人为活动影响下主要分为青冈次
            (Hong et al.ꎬ 2012)等ꎮ                              生林、金竹灌丛、三华李经济林 3 种典型类型ꎬ同
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