苍耳化学成分及生物活性研究

Chemical constituents and bioactivity of Xanthium sibiricum

关键词:  苍耳, 化学成分, 分离, 抑菌活性

Key words:  Xanthium sibiricum, chemical constituent, separation, antibacterial activity

摘要:

采用硅胶柱色谱、制备薄层色谱、正反高效液相色谱和重结晶等方法,对苍耳石油醚、乙酸乙酯萃取物进行分离,研究了中药苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum)全草的化学成分和抗菌活性。 结果表明:共得到14个化合物。根据理化性质和波谱数据分析,鉴定化合物结构分别为对甲氧基苯甲酸(1)、蒲公英赛醇(2)、羽扇豆醇(3)、熊果酸(4)、豆甾醇(5)、齐墩果酸(6)、lasidiol p-methoxybenzoate(7)、羽扇豆酮(8)、苍耳亭(9)、α-菠甾醇(10)、槲皮素(11)、苍耳皂素(12)、芹菜素(13)、羽扇豆醇乙酸酯(14)。化合物2、7、8为首次从该植物中分离得到。以平板打孔法测试提取化合物对不同菌种的抑制作用,结果表明化合物2、8、9、12对蕃茄早疫、黄瓜枯萎、蕃茄灰霉和苹果腐烂病菌有较好的抑菌活性。

Abstract:

We studied the chemical constituents and bioactivity of Xanthium sibiricum, and fourteen compounds were isolated from the PE and EtOAc extract by the methods of column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, semi-prepared HPLC, and recrystallization. The structures were elucidated by the analysis of spectral data and physical-chemical properties and identified as anisic acid(1), taraxerol(2), lupeol(3), ursolic acid(4), stimastero(5), oleanolic acid(6), lasidiol p-methoxybenzoate(7), lupe-none(8), xanthatin(9), α-spinasterol(10), quercetin(11), xanthinosin(12), apigenin(13)and oleanic acid(14); Compounds 2,7,8 were isolated from Xanthium sibiricum for the first time. The compounds were tested by plate diffusion method for the inhibitory effect of different strains. The results showed that the compounds taraxerol(2), lupe-none(8), xanthatin(9)and xanthinosin(12)displayed antibacterial activity to Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum. sp. susumebrium, Botrytis cinerea and Cytospora sp.