淹水胁迫对虉草幼苗生长和生理的影响

Effects of waterlogging stress on growth and physiological characteristics of Phalaris arundinacea seedlings

关键词:  虉草, 淹水胁迫, 形态特征, 抗氧化酶系统, 可溶性蛋白

Key words:  Phalaris arundinacea, waterlogging stress, morphological characteristics, antioxidant enzyme system, soluble protein

摘要:

水深梯度是影响河湖水陆交错带植物生长发育和分布的关键生态因子。该研究以虉草幼苗为材料,利用双套盆法,设淹水梯度0、10、20、30、40、50 cm和全淹水以及对照(常规浇水)8个处理组,通过测定虉草的株高、叶片数、SPAD值、MDA含量、SOD、POD及CAT活性、可溶性蛋白含量指标,研究不同淹水深度下虉草的形态与生理特征变化。结果表明:经过36 d淹水胁迫后,(1)随淹水深度增加,虉草的生长速度变慢,叶片数减少,叶绿素相对含量降低。(2)随淹水时间的延长,各淹水组MDA含量不断上升; 淹水0～30 cm深度,虉草SOD、POD不断上升,但CAT先升后降; 淹水40～60 cm深度,虉草SOD、CAT不断上升,但POD先降后升。(3)可溶性蛋白含量虽随试验时间的延长不断上升,但淹水逆境不是控制虉草可溶性蛋白含量的关键因素。淹水胁迫会对虉草生长造成伤害,主要表现为生长速度减缓、膜脂过氧化程度加剧、抗氧化酶保护系统受到破坏、植株逐渐死亡。该研究结果为虉草资源的合理利用与开发提供了科学参考。

Abstract:

The water depth gradient can be determined to be crucial ecology factor on controlling the growth and distribution of plant along with lake-land ecotone. In order to clarify the morphological and physiological characteristics of Phalaris arundinacea under different waterlogging depths, based on the P. arundinacea seedlings, the eight experimental groups [0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 cm, completely submerged and control(normal watering)groups] were set up by double basin method, and the plant height the number of leaves, the content of SPAD and MDA, the activity of SOD, POD and CAT, the content of solube protein of P. arundinacea were measured respectively. The results were as follows: The experiment of waterlogging stress was conducted about 36 d,(1)The waterlogging stress could inhibit the growth of P. arundinacea, with the increasing of waterlogging depth, the growth rate slowed and the number of leaves and the chlorophyll relative content decreased.(2)With the waterlogging time extended, the MDA content of different waterlogging groups of P. arundinacea rised constantly; The waterlogging depth of 0-30 cm, SOD and POD contents increased gradually, while the CAT content increased firstly and then decreased; The waterlogging depth of 40-60 cm, the SOD and CAT contents raised, while the POD content decreased firstly and the increased.(3)The content of soluble protein was increased with the time extended, but the waterlogging stress was not determined to be key factor that had a considerable influence on the soluble protein content. P. arundinacea growth was damaged by waterlogging stress, mainly manifest the slowing of growth rate, the increase of membrane lipid peroxidation, the destruction of antioxidant enzyme system and the gradual death of plants. It can provide some scientific reference for effective exploitation and utilization of P. arundinacea.