| 摘要: |
| 为探讨光照和温度对大麻植物中大麻酚类稳定性的影响,该研究将大麻植物检材以固体粉末和甲醇提取溶液的形式分别在室温(22 ± 2)℃见光、室温(22 ± 2)℃避光、4 ℃避光、-20 ℃避光条件下储存20 d后,采用超高效液相(UPLC-PDA)检测分析样本中Δ9-四氢大麻酚(Δ9-THC)、大麻二酚(CBD)和大麻酚(CBN)的含量变化情况。结果表明:3种大麻酚类在不同化学表型大麻中的含量变化趋势相同,固体粉末样本的Δ9-THC、CBD含量在室温光照条件下显著下降,CBN含量基本不变; 甲醇提取样本中Δ9-THC、CBN和CBD含量在室温光照条件下均显著下降。避光条件下的室温(22 ± 2)℃及低温(4 ℃、-20 ℃)可稳定保存两种形式的大麻样本。大麻中的精神活性成分Δ9-THC的降解满足一级反应动力学规律,光照是影响Δ9-THC降解的重要因素,如果在室温避光条件下储存,大麻或其甲醇提取物可稳定保存,可以更好地指导司法实践活动中短期内大麻检材的取证、运送、保存及鉴定。 |
| 关键词: 大麻, Δ9-四氢大麻酚, 大麻酚, 大麻二酚, 稳定性, 降解动力学 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201706018 |
| 分类号:Q946 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2017)09-1204-09 |
| Fund project:国家重大仪器研发专项项目(2012YQ12004910)[Supported by the National Key Instrument Program(2012YQ12004910)]。
作者简介: 孙维来(1990-),男,山东泰安人,博士研究生,研究方向为毒物毒品分析,(E-mail)1033675040@qq.com。 |
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| Effects of storage conditions on the chemical potency of Cannabis |
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SUN Wei-Lai1, ZHAO Yan-Biao2, ZHENG Xiao-Yu2, ZENG Ling-Hua1,
GAO Li-Sheng2, LIU Yao1,2, ZHENG Hui2*
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1. College of Criminal Science and Technology, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China;2. Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China
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| Abstract: |
| Cannabis is one of the most common drugs of abuse worldwide. The major cannabinoids in cannabis plants are relatively unstable and their contents may vary in different storage conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of light and temperature on the stability of cannabinoids in Cannabis plants. The levels of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol(Δ9-THC), cannabinol(CBN)and cannabidiol(CBD)in different chemical phenotypes cannabis powders and methanol extracts were respectively measured for up to 20 d storage in natural light at laboratory temperature(22 ± 2)℃ and in darkness at laboratory temperature(22 ± 2)℃, 4 ℃ and -20 ℃, using the method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC-PDA). The results showed that the changes in contents of the three cannabinoids in different chemical phenotypes were the same. The degradation of Δ9-THC and CBD were pronounced and the content of CBN was almost unchanged for the solid samples exposed to light at(22 ± 2)℃. The contents of Δ9-THC, CBN and CBD in methanol extracts exposed to light at(22 ± 2)℃ were significantly decreased. Cannabis plants and Cannabis extracts can be stored in darkness at laboratory temperature(22 ± 2)℃, 4 ℃ and -20 ℃. The degradation of the main psychoactive component Δ9-THC in Cannabis satisfied the rule of first-order reaction kinetics, and the above-mentioned regular pattern was used to study the change of the contents of Δ9-THC in different storage conditions. It is concluded that light is an important factor affecting the degradation of Δ9-THC. Cannabis powders or extracts are reasonably stable if stored in the dark at room temperature. It is better to guide the collection, transportation, preservation and identification of Cannabis materials in judicial practice in a short period of time. |
| Key words: Cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol(Δ9-THC), cannabinol(CBN), cannabidiol(CBD), stability, degradation kinetics |
