苦苣苔科植物远缘杂交亲和性初探

Compatibility of intergeneric cross in gesneriaceae

关键词:  苦苣苔, 远缘杂交, 亲和性, 正反交, 种子

Key words:  Gesneriaceae, distant hybridization, compatibility, positive and reverse crosses, seed

摘要:

该研究对苦苣苔科的蛛毛苣苔属[Paraboea(C. B. Clarke)Ridley]、马铃苣苔属(Oreocharis Bentham)、报春苣苔属(Primulina Hance)、吊石苣苔属(Lysionotus D. Don)、台闽苣苔属(Titanotrichum Solereder)、半蒴苣苔属(Hemiboea C. B. Clarke)、长蒴苣苔属(Didymocarpus Wallich)、光叶苣苔属(Glabrella Mich. Moller & W. H. Chen)进行属间远缘杂交,对马铃苣苔属的马铃苣苔组、川滇马铃苣苔组、大叶石上莲组进行组间远缘杂交,统计不同杂交组合的结实情况及播种后的种子萌发情况,以明确不同属(组)间远缘杂交亲和性,为通过远缘杂交进行苦苣苔科种质资源的创新奠定基础。结果表明:(1)不同属作为父本,与同一母本进行杂交,以及同一属内不同种作为父本,与同一母本进行杂交,结实情况差异显著。(2)不同属作为母本,与同一父本进行杂交,以及同一属内不同种作为母本,与同一父本进行杂交,结实情况同样存在显著差异。(3)相同两个种正反交杂交成功率也并不一致。(4)马铃苣苔属与半蒴苣苔属,报春苣苔属与吊石苣苔属,吊石苣苔属与报春苣苔属和半蒴苣苔属,光叶苣苔属与报春苣苔属和吊石苣苔属之间部分种进行远缘杂交能够正常结实,且杂交种子能够正常萌发。(5)马铃苣苔属内组间杂交无明显生殖隔离的现象。

Abstract:

Species belong to Gesneriaceae have great potential for developing to potted flower, and are also important breeding resources. There was no report on the intergeneric cross in Gesneriaceaeis, which was the important means of germplasm resources innovation. To investigate the compatibility of intergeneric cross in Gesneriaceae, the intergeneric cross was attempted between different species in Gesneriaceae family, which included Primulina genus, Paraboea genus, Oreocharis genus, Lysionotus genus, Didymocarpus genus, Glabrella genus, Hemiboea genus and Titanotrichum genus. The fruit-setting was calculated in different interspecific crosses. In addition, hybrid seed germinations were observed. The results were as follows:(1)Species in the different genra and same genus as the female parent, cross with the same male parent all showed significant difference in fruit-setting.(2)Species in the different genra and same genus as the male parent, cross with the same female parent all showed significant difference in cross-compatibility.(3)The differences of fruit-setting between positive and reverse crosses were significant.(4)Mature seeds were easily obtained from intergeneric cross between some species of Oreocharis genus and Hemiboea genus, Chirita genus and Lysionotus genus, Lysionotus genus and Hemiboea genus or Primulina genus, Glabrella genus and Primulina genus or Lysionotus genus.(5)Compatibility of intergeneric crosses between sect. Oreocharis, sect. Orthoanthera and sect. Stomactin were observed.