| 摘要: |
| 抗风桐(Pisonia grandis)为紫茉莉科常绿乔木,是西沙群岛自然植被中最常见的乔木树种,具有重要的生态、药用和观赏价值; 其生长速度快,断枝可再殖,在防风、海岸固沙以及海岛植被恢复方面具有重要作用。该研究以西沙群岛永兴岛的野生抗风桐为研究对象,对其形态解剖特征、生理特征和营养成分进行了研究。结果表明:抗风桐属阳生性树种,具有叶片厚、比叶面积低、栅栏组织发达、海绵组织细胞间隙小等形态解剖特征,利于其对光能和水分的利用; 其超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性高、脯氨酸含量较高,丙二醛含量较低,表明其具有较强的抗旱性。抗风桐生长的土壤养分含量低,但其叶片营养元素含量高,表明抗风桐对土壤养分的利用能力高,对土壤养分贫瘠胁迫具有较强的适应性。因此,抗风桐能适应强光、干旱和贫瘠等生长条件,可作为热带珊瑚岛植被恢复的重要树种。由于抗风桐生长速度快、适应环境能力强,因此在栽培过程中应适时浇水及补充生长所需的矿质元素,以维持植株生长所需要的水分和养分平衡。该研究结果为抗风桐的引种、栽培、保护及开发利用提供了科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 抗风桐, 生态生物学特性, 抗逆性, 开发利用 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201709003 |
| 分类号:Q948, S718. 54 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2017)12-1489-09 |
| Fund project:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1403002); 中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA13020500); 国家“十二五”农村领域科技计划项目(2015BAL04B04); 国家科技基础性工作专项(2013FY111200); 广东省科技计划项目(2016A030303044)[Supported by National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFC1403002); Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA13020500); National Science and Technology Program of During the 12th Five-Year Plan(2015BAL04B04); National Basic Science and Technology Program(2013FY111200); Guangdong Key Technology Program(2016A030303044)]。 |
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| Ecological and biological characteristics of Pisonia grandis |
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WANG Xin-Hui1,2, LIU Nan1, REN Hai1, XU Bei-Bei1,3, JIAN Shu-Guang1*
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1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Guangzhou 510650, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Zhongkai
University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
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| Abstract: |
| As a predominant and fast growth species in the Xisha Islands, Pisonia grandis (Nyctaginaceae)with important ecological, medicinal and ornamental values plays an important role in wind prevention and sand-fixation. In this study, we examined the morphological and physiological characteristics, nutrient composition of P. grandis growing on Yongxing Island, Xisha Islands. The results showed that P. grandis was a heliophyte, which was characterized with large leaf thickness, small specific leaf area, well developed palisade tissue and sparse intercellular spaces in pongy tissue. Because of these characteristics, P. grandis could obtain light energy and water effectively. The high activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, the high content of proline, while the low content of malondialdehyde indicated that P. grandis had drought resistance. In addition, the content of nutrient elements were high for plant leaves but low for rhizosphere soil, suggesting that P. grandis was able to use nutrient elements of rhizosphere soil effectively and had strong tolerance to barren soil. P. grandis was a fast growing plant, and had good adaptability to different environments. Water and mineral nutrition should be added to improve its growth in cultivation. In a word, P. grandis can adapt to the environmental stress, such as strong light, drought and infertility. Therefore, P. grandis can be used as an important tree species of vegetation restoration in tropical coral island. |
| Key words: Pisonia grandis, ecological and biological characteristics, stress resistance, exploitation |
