| 摘要: |
| 重金属易在大气细颗粒物中富集,经呼吸道进入人体肺泡沉积,危害人类健康。该研究以南京市香樟树皮为对象,选取文教区、交通区、工业区、风景区和商业区5个功能区,探究了不同季节香樟树皮中重金属Cr、Pb、Cu和Zn含量的分布特征,比较了树皮和叶面颗粒物中不同重金属含量的空间分布差异。结果表明:南京市商业区和工业区重金属污染较严重。不同功能区香樟树皮重金属含量具时空分布差异,树皮中重金属含量基本呈秋季>冬季>春季>夏季的季节变化特征,各功能区重金属含量表现为商业区(CA)>文教区(CEA)≈工业区(TA)>交通区(IA)>风景区(SA)。与树皮相比,叶面颗粒物重金属含量较高,商业区叶面颗粒物重金属含量最高,风景区含量最低。经Pearson相关性分析,工业区和文教区香樟树皮中Cr元素具显著相关性(P<0.05),Cu与Zn相互对应呈显著相关,表明这两种元素可能具有相似来源; 工业区和交通区树皮中Pb具极显著相关性(P<0.01)。植物监测可以指示和预测大气重金属污染水平,能反映地区污染情况。 |
| 关键词: 树皮, 重金属, 香樟, 叶面颗粒物, 南京 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201708039 |
| 分类号:Q948 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2018)06-0746-09 |
| Fund project:国家自然科学基金(41403064); 江苏省高校自然科学基金重大项目(13KJA80002); 江苏省高校研究生科研创新计划项目(KYZZ150255); 江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD); 江苏省科技厅基础研究计划(自然科学基金)青年基金项目(BK20140922)[Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41403064); the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China(13KJA80002); Research Innovation Program for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province, China(KYZZ150255); Construction of Advantageous Disciplines in Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province, China(PAPD); Natural Science Foundation for Youth of Jiangsu Province, China(BK20140922)]。 |
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| Heavy metal contents and distribution characteristics in barks of Cinnamomum camphora in Nanjing |
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YU Cencen1,2, WANG Guoxiang2, HAN Ruiming2, ZHANG Yinlong1*
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1. College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;2. School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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| Abstract: |
| Heavy metals are easily enriched in fine particles of the atmosphere and enter the alveolar deposits of the human body through the respiratory tract, and endanger human health. In recent years, atmospheric heavy metal pollution is gradually aroused people's attention. The direct exposure of barks to the air is an important transitional step for heavy metals to enter plants, accumulating pollutants over the long term. Five different urban areas in Nanjing(commercial area, cultural and educational area, industrial area, traffic area and scenic area)were chosen to study the distribution characteristics of the contents of Cr, Pb, Cu and Zn in different seasons, using barks of Cinnamomum camphora trees as research objects. The differences in the spatial distribution of different heavy metal contents in barks and foliar particles were also compared. The main conclusions of this study can be summed up as follows: Heavy metal pollution in commercial and industrial areas are more serious. Heavy metal contents in the barks of C. camphora trees in different functional areas of Nanjing have obvious spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. The contents of heavy metals in the barks of different functional areas follow the order of commercial area(CA)> cultural and educational area(CEA)≈ industrial area(IA)> traffic area(TA)> scenic area(SA). Heavy metal contents in the barks in different seasons follows the order of Autumn > Winter > Spring > Summer. Contents of heavy metals in particulate matter of leaves were higher than those in barks. Contents of heavy metals in foliar particles in commercial area were the highest, and contents in scenic area are the lowest. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation(P< 0.05)between Cr in the barks of C. camphora trees in industrial and cultural areas, and significant correlations between Cu and Zn, indicating that these two kinds of elements may have similar origins. Contents of Pb between industrial area and traffic area were in significant correlation(P< 0.01), mainly from traffic emissions. Plant monitoring can indicate and predict the level of heavy metal pollution in the atmosphere. It is a simple and practical monitoring tool that can reflect the pollution in the area and provide a scientific basis for the monitoring of urban ecological environment. |
| Key words: barks, heavy metal, Cinnamomum camphora, particulate matter, Nanjing |
