室内观赏植物对甲醛的吸收及抗逆效果研究

Absorption and resistance to formaldehyde of indoor ornamental plants

关键词:  观赏植物, 室内甲醛, 吸收, 过氧化物酶

Key words:  ornamental plants, indoor formaldehyde, absorption, peroxidase

摘要:

该研究采用密封舱法模拟室内甲醛污染环境(熏蒸箱内甲醛浓度设置为0.1～0.5 mg·m^-3,熏气时间12 h),对6种常见室内观赏植物进行甲醛熏蒸实验,测定了植物对甲醛的吸收效率、叶面伤害指数及过氧化物酶(POD)等指标。结果表明:这6种常见观赏植物对甲醛均具较好的净化效果,甲醛熏蒸浓度为0.1～0.3 mg·m^-3,白鹤芋对甲醛的净化效果最好; 熏蒸浓度0.5 mg·m^-3,绿萝和吊兰具有较好的净化和抗逆性能; 铁线蕨对甲醛的耐受力较弱,适合作为室内甲醛污染的指示性植物。几种受试植物的POD酶与甲醛吸收率呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),表明植物POD活力变化是受甲醛胁迫后的主要抗逆应答机制之一。

Abstract:

Six common indoor ornamental plants were tested for formaldehyde fumigation in a simulated indoor formaldehyde-polluted environment, where the concentration of formaldehyde in the fumigation box was set among 0.1-0.5 mg·m^-3, and the removal efficiency, leaf injury index and peroxidase(POD)activity were measured after 12 h of formaldehyde fumigation. The results showed that all six indoor ornamental plants could purify formaldehyde, and the purifying effect of Spathiphyllum kochii was the best at the concentration of 0.1-0.3 mg·m^-3 while Epipremnum aureum and Chlorophytum comosum had better purification and resistance at 0.5 mg·m^-3 formaldehyde. However, the tolerance of Adiantum capillus to formaldehyde was quite weak, so that it can be used as indicative plant for indoor formaldehyde pollution. The results also showed that the POD activity of the six plants was positively correlated with the removal rate of formaldehyde(P < 0.05), which suggestes that the change of POD activity is the main resistance mechanism of plants under formaldehyde stressed-environment.