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国产大苞姜属和苞叶姜属种子解剖学特征及其系统学意义
廖景平; 吴七根;
中国科学院华南植物研究所
摘要:
黄花大苞姜和苞叶姜分别是大苞姜属和苞叶姜属在中国分布的唯一代表。黄花大苞姜种子椭圆形,具表皮毛,无假种皮;苞叶姜种子卵圆形,无毛,假种皮盘状。二者的种子均包含种皮、外胚乳、内胚乳与胚四部分。种皮均可分为外种皮、中种皮与内种皮,且中种皮包括下皮层、半透明细胞层与色素层。合点区内种皮均出现缺口,缺口间充满合点区色素细胞群。苞叶姜种皮有7~9层细胞,其中色素层3~5层细胞,而黄花大苞姜仅有5层,各部分均只有1层细胞,是迄今研究过的姜科植物中种皮细胞层数最少的。在珠孔区,苞叶姜具明显的柄状结构,并有珠孔领和孔盖的分化;而黄花大苞姜柄状结构短,且不明显,无珠孔领。因此,种子解剖学支持将苞叶姜从大苞姜属分出并提升为属。同时,根据姜目较原始类群的种子没有珠孔领分化,推测黄花大苞姜可能保留了姜科某些较原始的特征.
关键词:  黄花大苞姜  苞叶姜  种子解剖学  系统学意义  
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