种子特征和播种深度对辽东栎种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

Effects of seed characteristics and sowing depth on seed germination and seedling growth of Quercus wutaishanica

关键词:  种子大小, 种皮, 播种深度, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长

Key words:  seed size, seed coat, sowing depth, seed germination, seedling growth

摘要:

该文在玻璃温室内的遮阴环境下,采用盆播方法研究了辽东栎种子特征(大小和种皮)和播种深度(0、3、6、10 cm)对种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:(1)辽东栎大种子萌发率、萌发速率、萌发值和萌发指数在所有播种深度均高于小种子。其中非去皮种子萌发率、萌发速率和萌发指数在0 cm播种深度的不同大小种子间差异显著,去皮种子所有萌发参数在6和10 cm播种深度的不同大小种子间均差异显著; 去皮可促进大种子萌发,但抑制小种子萌发; 不同大小种子所有萌发参数均在0 cm播种深度最大,在10 cm播种深度最小。(2)不论有无种皮,大种子萌发幼苗的叶片数、单株叶面积、总干物质质量和根冠比在所有播种深度均大于小种子萌发幼苗; 去皮种子萌发幼苗的株高、基径、叶片数、单株叶面积和总干物质质量在所有播种深度均不同程度地小于非去皮种子萌发幼苗,但前者根冠比在0、3、6 cm播种深度大于后者; 随着播种深度增大,幼苗株高、叶片数、单株叶面积、总干物质质量和根冠比等生长参数均呈减小趋势,但基径随播种深度增大而增大。

Abstract:

Under shading environment of greenhouse, experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of seed characteristics(seed size and seed coat)and different sowing depths(0, 3, 6, 10 cm)on the seed germination and seedling growth of Quercus wutaishanica by utilizing pot planting method. The results were as follows:(1)Germination percentage(GP), germination rate(GR), germination value(GV), and germination index(GI)of large Q. wutaisha-nica seeds were higher than those of small seeds at all sowing depths. Significant differences between large and small coated seeds in GP, GR and GI were observed at 0 cm sowing depth, while significant differences between large and small uncoated seeds in all germination parameters were detected at 6, 10 cm sowing depths. Peeling could facilitate the germination of large seeds but inhibit the germination of small ones. All germination parameters of different sized seeds maximized at 0 cm sowing depth and minimized at 10 cm sowing depth.(2)Regardless of whether coated or uncoated, leaf number(LN), leaf area per plant(LAPP), total dry mass(TDM), and root-shoot ratio(RSR)of seedlings germinated from large seeds were all higher than those of seedlings from small seeds at all four sowing depths. The shoot height(SH), basal stem diameter(BSD), LN, LAPP, and TDM of seedlings established from uncoated seeds were all lower, to various degrees, than those of seedlings from coated seeds at all sowing depths, while the RSR of the former were higher than those of the latter at 0, 3, 6 cm sowing depths. The SH, LN, LAPP, TDM, and RSR of seedlings all exhibited decreasing trends with the increasing of sowing depth. However, the BSD of seedlings increased with the sowing depth increasing.