| 摘要: |
| 为了解湿地松‘松泰'小孢子叶球在发育过程形态是否有差异变化,明确其败育过程、败育方式及影响因素,为湿地松雄性不育品种利用和后期开展相关研究提供科学依据。该研究以‘松泰' s10败育系和s9可育系为材料,观察小孢子叶球形态发育变化,并对其小孢子叶球进行石蜡切片,在光学显微镜下观察小孢子发育过程。结果表明:s10败育系和s9可育系在小孢子母细胞减速分裂前无明显差异,小孢子叶球生长趋势也一致; 四分体时期,s10小孢子细胞发育异常,小孢子叶球形态发育也出现异常,二者异常发育具有同步性; 可育系从四分体到单核小孢子发育阶段的时间为5 d左右,而败育系持续发育长达20 d左右,持续时间为可育系的4倍。在此期间出现小孢子绒毡层细胞发育异常、降解缓慢,小孢子囊壁组织排列紊乱、降解延迟等现象,s10形成异常二核花粉,且无花粉散出。因此,推论s10小孢子败育的原因主要是小孢子囊壁细胞发育异常,其小孢子叶球形态异常,相对应的绒毡层在四分体时期发育异常,不能适时地分泌胼胝质酶来降解围绕着四分体的胼胝质壁,也不能适时地合成输送花粉形成所需能量物质,同时囊壁细胞出现降解延迟和层积,这一系列的异常变化导致不能形成正常四分体,从而使花粉败育。 |
| 关键词: 湿地松, 小孢子叶球, 雄性不育, 细胞发育, 形态变化 |
| DOI：10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201909002 |
| 分类号:Q944.46 |
| 文章编号:1000-3142(2020)04-0482-10 |
| Fund project:广西八桂学者专项项目; 广西林业厅项目(桂科 [2016]第1号)[Supported by Special Program of Bagui Scholar; Program of Guangxi Forestry Department(guike [2016] 1)]。 |
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| Dynamic changes of microstrobilus morphology and cell development in male sterile and fertile lines of Pinus elliottii |
|
ZHOU Yang1, YANG Zhangqi1, 2, 4, 5*, HUANG Yongli3
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1. College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;2. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Nanning
530002, China;3. Nanning Forestry Research Institute of Guangxi, Wuming 530107, Guangxi, China;4. Masson Pine Engineering Technology
Research Center of Guangxi, Nanning 530002, China;5. Key Laboratory of Central South Fast-growing Timber
Breeding of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanning 530002, China
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| Abstract: |
| In order to understand whether there are differences in morphology of microstrobilus of Pinus elliottii ‘Songtai' during development, to clarify its abortion process, abortion mode and influencing factors, and to provide scientific basis for utilization and later research of male sterile varieties of Pinus elliottii, the morphological changes of microstrobilus were observed by using ‘Songtai' s10 abortive line and s9 fertile line as materials, and the microstrobilus was sliced in paraffin and the development of microspore was observed under optical microscope. The results were as follows: There was no significant differences between s10 abortion line and s9 fertile line before meiotic phase of microsporocy deceleration and division, and the growth trend of microstrobilus was the same. In the period of tetrad, s10 microspore cell development and microstrobilus morphological development were abnormal. The time from tetrad to monocyte microspore development of fertile lines is about 5 d. However, the abortion line continued to develop for about 20 d, and the duration was four times that of the fertile line. In the meantime, the development of tapetum cells was abnormal, the degradation was slow, the tissue arrangement of microsporangium wall was disordered, and the degradation was delayed. Finally, s10 forms abnormal dinuclear pollen and no pollen dispersion. So it can be reasoned that the abnormal development of microsporangium wall cells, and the abnormal morphology of microstrobilus.The tapetum develops abnormally in the tetrad period, and the callose enzyme can not be secreted at appropriate time to degrade the callosum wall surrounding the tetrad, nor can it synthesize and transport the energy substances needed for pollen formation in a timely manner. At the same time, the cystic wall cells showed delayed degradation and lamination. This series of abnormal changes leaded to the normal tetrad could not be formed, which made the pollen abortion. |
| Key words: Pinus elliottii, microstrobilus, male sterile, cell development, morphological changes |
