银杏芽中内源激素与大小年结实的关系

Relation between endogenous hormones in bud and on-year or off-year fruiting of Ginkgo biloba

关键词:  银杏  芽  内源激素  大小年结实

Key words:  Ginkgo biloba  bud  endogenous hormones  on-year or off-year fruiting

摘要:

为探讨银杏大、小年结实现象的生理原因,于2004～2005年,用ELISA(间接酶联免疫法)对银杏大年树和小年树果芽和叶芽内的IAA,GA,ZR和ABA含量进行了对比测定。结果表明:大年树IAA、ZR和ABA含量在果芽和叶芽之间的比值均高于小年树,GA含量在果芽和叶芽之间的比值则低于小年树,有利果芽分化生长,形成大年; 果芽中较高水平的ZR、IAA和ABA与较低水平的GA,以及萌芽前期较高的IAA/GA,ZR/GA和ABA/GA等比值,有利果芽分化,形成大年; 叶芽中较高的ZR、IAA和较低的ABA有利于形成大年生长,尤其是ZR含量在萌芽前期或中期升高与形成大年生长关系密切。

Abstract:

To find the physical causes of on and off-year fruiting of Ginkgo biloba,four kinds of endogenous hormones including IAA,ZR,GA and ABA in fruit bud and leaf bud of on-year and off-year fruiting trees were determined with ELISA from 2004 to 2005.The results are as follows:the content ratios of IAA,ZR and ABA in floral bud to leaf bud of on-year Ginkgo trees are greater than that of off-year trees,but the content ratio of GA in fruit bud to leaf bud of on-year trees is less than that of off-year trees,this will benefit the differentiation and growth of fruit bud,and promote on-year fruiting; high contents of ZR,IAA and ABA,and low content of GA,and high ratios of IAA/GA,ZR/GA and ABA/GA in fruit bud are helpful to fruit bud's differentiation and on-year fruiting; high contents of ZR and IAA,and low content of ABA,especially the increase of ZR in early or middle period of leaf bud are advantageous to on-year fruiting.