联峰山10种草本植物营养器官形态结构与生态适应性

Anatomy of vegetative organs of 10 species in herbaceous plants on Lianfeng Mountain and ecological adaptation

关键词:  联峰山  草本植物  营养器官  形态结构  生态适应性

Key words:  Lianfeng Mountain  herbaceous plants  vegetative organs  morphology and anatomy  ecological adaptations

摘要:

利用常规石蜡制片技术对生长在联峰山上的10种植物营养器官进行解剖学观察。主要结果如下:(1)叶表皮细胞均为1层,绝大多数无表皮毛,气孔少; 异面叶或等面叶; 中脉维管束束数1至多个。(2)根:主要为次生构造,也有初生构造的。但大多数植物无周皮; 皮层细胞的层数在不同植物中差异较大; 有些植物次生韧皮部普遍不发达,次生木质部较韧皮部明显。(3)茎:表皮细胞均为1层,具角质膜; 皮层细胞层数普遍较少,外皮层有机械组织存在; 维管束数目多个并呈一圈排列,外韧或双韧; 髓部发达,髓射线明显。该研究结果表明10种植物具有中生植物或阴性植物的结构特点,是植物长期适应环境条件的结果; 该研究为更好地开发和利用植物提供了解剖学依据。

Abstract:

The morphology and anatomy of vegetative organs of 10 species of herbaceous plant on Lianfeng Mountain were studied using paraffin section technology. The main results are as follows:(1)Leaf,one single layered-epidermis,no thricome and few stomata; isolateral or bifacial leaf; one or more than one vascular bound in main vein.(2)Root,secondary structure without periderm and primary structure were observed; the layers of cortex cells were different in different species. Undevelopmental secondary phloem and developmental secondary xylem exist in some species.(3)Stem,one single layered-epidermis with cuticle membrane; layered of cortex cells were few,mechanical tissues in outer cortex were observed; more than one vascular arranged in one circle. Collateral or bicollateral vascular bundle,developmental pith and medullary ray are obvious. The results indicated that the morphological and anatomical characteristics of 10 species in herbaceous plants on Lianfeng Mountain belong to mesophyte or shade-demanding plant,of which adapt to native environmental condition.