不同产地何首乌叶表皮结构的解剖学特征与气候因子的关系

Anatomical characteristics of leaf epidermis of Fallopia multiflora and relationships to climate factors

关键词:  何首乌  叶表皮  环境因子

Key words:  Fallopia multiflora  leaf epidermis  climate factor

摘要:

在光学显微镜下观察了不同产地何首乌叶表皮结构特征,应用多元回归方法对不同产地何首乌的叶表皮特征与气候因子的关系进行了分析。观察的叶表皮特征指标有气孔密度、气孔指数、气孔器长、气孔器宽、气孔极区角质加厚、气孔器类型、表皮细胞垂周壁性状及叶表面角质条纹。观察结果:上表皮有少量气孔器分布; 在下表皮,气孔器类型为非典型不等细胞型和不规则型,有少量腺鳞分布,气孔器密度每1 mm²为241.7(64～573)个,气孔指数为17.1(7.5～26.5)%,气孔器长31.1(20～44)μm,气孔器宽23.1(16～38)μm。随着产地的不同,何首乌叶下表皮结构有明显差异。分析结果显示气孔器、气孔器宽度以及气孔密度均与纬度关系密切,随纬度的升高,气孔器长、气孔器宽呈减小的趋势,气孔密度呈增加的趋势,R²值分别为0.619、0.729、0.772。

Abstract:

The epidermal characteristics of mature leaves of Fallopia multiflora from different districts were examined under light-microscope. Multi-statistical analysis was used to clarify the relation between the morphological characteristics of the leaves of F.multiflora and the climate factors. The characteristics of leaf surface including the stomata density,stomata index,stomata width and stomata length,were determined and compared. As a result,stomata were rarely observed at the upper epidermis. The stomata apparatuses on the lower epidermis were non-typical anisocytic type and anomocytic type. Stomata length was 31.1(20-44)μm,stomata width 23.1(16-38)μm,stomata index is 17.1(7.5-26.5)%,stomata density is 241.7(64-573)per square millimeter,respectively. The variations of anatomical characteristics for the lower epidermis of leaves of F.multiflora from different districts were definitely. The results of multi-statistical analysis showed that the stomata length,width and stomata density were closely related to the latitude. With the latitude increased,the stomata length and width decreased(R²=0.619,P<0.05; R²=0.729,P<0.01),while stomata density increased(R²=0.772,P<0.05).