广西石韦属七种植物叶片结构与孢子形态的比较研究

A comparative study on the leaf blade structure and spore of seven Pyrrosia species in Guangxi

关键词:  广西  石韦属  叶片结构  孢子

Key words:  Guangxi  Pyrrosia  blade structure  spore

摘要:

利用石蜡切片法研究了石韦属7种植物叶片的形态结构。结果显示：7种植物的叶片均属异面叶，且具典型的旱生叶结构；表皮大多为复表皮，表皮细胞排列紧密，主脉表面覆有厚角质膜，表皮毛为星状毛，由多细胞组成；气孔集中分布于下表皮，气孔类型为围绕型，气孔器略下陷；孢子两侧对称，极面观椭圆形，赤道面观豆形或超半圆形，表面饰纹为瘤状饰纹。石韦属7种植物的叶表皮细胞形状、表皮毛、表皮细胞垂周壁式样、气孔密度等解剖结构均表现出一定的种间差异，这些特征可为石韦属植物种间分类提供依据。

Abstract:

The morphology of Pyrrosia leaves was observed through the paraffin method. The results were showed that the leaves of studied Pyrrosia possessed typical characters of dry plant leaves，cross section to be bifacial leaves. Most leaves were multiple epidermal cells and have thick cuticle. Epidermal hairs were stellate hair and composed of many cells. The stomatas were distributed mainly over lower epidermis and its type was annular cell type. Stomata were sometimes even sunken. The spores were monolete，bilateally symmetric，elliptic in polar view and kidney shaped or semirounded in equator view. The spore morphological characters were tuberculate. Some characters of the leaf epidermis of 7 species of Pyrrosia，such as shape of epidermis cell，epidermal hair，pattern of anticlinal walls and stomatal density，etc. showed more or less difference among the species. These characters could provide experimental evidences for the division of species of Pyrrosia.