新疆北部松萝属地衣生态分布与地理区系成分分析

Analysis of the eco geographical characteristics of Usnea lichens in Northern Xinjiang

关键词:  松萝属地衣  生态分布  区系组成  新疆

Key words:  Usnea lichens  ecological distribution  floristic element  Xinjiang

摘要:

根据多年的实地调查资料和前人研究资料，对新疆北部松萝属地衣的种类以及它们的分布区、区系特征和垂直分布进行了初步研究。结果表明，分布在新疆北部的松萝属地衣共有22种，主要分布在天山和阿勒泰山，生长在树皮、树枝和朽木上。根据它们对环境的适应特征和选择性，将新疆北部松萝属地衣的主要地理成分分为环极北极及北方成分、北美-欧洲成分、世界广布种、北美成分、环极低北极及北方成分、欧洲成分、东亚—北美成分等7种。研究还发现分布在阿勒泰山和天山的松萝属地衣的垂直分布有明显的差异。阿勒泰山的地衣分布海拔比较高，分布范围比较广泛。

Abstract:

According to many years of the spot investigation data and research materials of the other researchers’preliminary research，the species diversity，distribution area，flora characteristics and vertical distribution characteristics of Usnea lichens in northern Xinjiang of China were studied. The results showed that，there were 22 lichens Usnea species distributing in northern Xinjiang and they mainly distributed on the tree bark，tree branch and decayed wood of the Altay Mountain and Tianshan Mountain. At the same time，according to the environmental characteristics of lichens Usnea distribution area，they were divided into following seven geographical groups，Circumpolar arctic and boreal species；North America Europe species；Cosmopolitian component；North America component；Circumpolar low arctic and boreal component；European component；East Asia North America compenent. It had also been discovered that the vertical distribution characteristics of Usnea in Altay Mountain and Tianshan Mountain were very different.