福建东山岛种子植物区系科的分析

Family flora of spermatophyte on Dongshan Island in Fujian

关键词:  福建东山岛  种子植物  科  区系

Key words:  Dongshan Island in Fujian  spermatophyte  family  flora

摘要:

通过野外调查和文献资料的整理,对东山岛种子植物科的区系进行分析,结果表明:该岛共有种子植物111科406属632种; 其中以泛热带分布科最多,有45科,占总科数的40.54%; 世界分布科其次,有42科、占总科数的37.83%。热带科有57科,占总科数(不包括世界分布科)的82.61%,且单属科和少属科较丰富,说明该岛植物区系中科的组成虽然以热带成分为主,但属于热带分布科的北缘。菊科、豆科和禾本科为明显的优势科,茜草科、大戟科、蔷薇科等也是该岛的优势类群。对东山岛与清源山、戴云山、茫荡山和武夷山的植物区系进行的相似性比较表明,随纬度的北移或与岛屿距离的增大,离心皮类、葇荑花序类和重要科的科、属、种数的相似系数均下降,说明东山岛植物区系中科的组成有其明显的福建南部岛屿地缘特性。

Abstract:

According to the field investigation and document literature collection,with the analysis about flora of spermatophyte on Dongshan Island in Fujian,the result indicated that:there were 111 families,406 genera and 632 species in this area. Pan-tropical families(45 families,accounting for 40.54% of the total)distributed most,and the next was worldwide-distribution families(42 families,accounting for 37.83% of the total). There were 57 tropical families,accounting for 83.61% of the total(excluding the worldwide-distribution families),and families of single-genus or few-genera were abundant. All of these meant although the flora composition on Dongshan Island was mainly tropical element,they belonged to the northern edge of tropical distribution families. Compositae,Leguninosae and Gramineae were the obvious dominant families,and Rubiaceae,Euphorbiaceae,Rosaceae were also the dominant communities of the island. The similarity comparison of flora on Dongshan Island with Mt.Qingyuan,Mt.Daiyun,Mt.Mangdang,Mt.Wuyi showed that the similarity coefficient of apocarpy families,catkins families and important families all would decrease with the latitude north moved or the distance increasing from the island,which explained that the flora of spermatophyte on Dongshan Island showed obviously island geopolitical characteristics of southern islands of Fujian.