宁夏枸杞属（茄科）一新种和一新变种

A new species and a new variety of Lycium （Solanaceae） from Ningxia， China

关键词:  茄科  枸杞属  小叶黄果枸杞  新种  密枝枸杞  新变种  宁夏  中国

Key words:  Solanaceae  Lycium  L.parvifolium  new species  L.barbarum var.implicatum  new variety  Ningxia  China

摘要:

描述了宁夏茄科枸杞属一新种小叶黄果枸杞和一新变种密枝枸杞。小叶黄果枸杞与宁夏枸杞相接近，但前者枝条成“之”字形曲折，叶片较小，条形、条状披针形、条状倒披针形或狭椭圆形，花1～2朵与叶一起簇生于短枝顶端，花萼杯状或筒状，常2浅裂，裂片边缘无毛；花冠筒部与冠檐近等长，雄蕊着生于花冠筒的喉部，花丝连同花冠无毛或在基部仅被稀疏短柔毛，浆果扁球形或椭圆球形，常为淡黄色，近透明，长6～10 mm，直径6～8 mm，种子5～8枚而与后者明显不同。在外部形态上，小叶黄果枸杞与新疆枸杞和土库曼枸杞也比较接近，但新疆枸杞和土库曼枸杞的枝条不成“之”字形曲折，花常2～3朵或更多与叶一起簇生于短枝顶端，花冠筒部长约为檐部裂片长的2倍，雄蕊着生于花冠筒的近中部，浆果红色。尤其是土库曼枸杞的花萼为宽钟形，常4～5裂，花冠裂片边缘有短而稀疏的缘毛而明显有异于小叶黄果枸杞。宁夏枸杞的变种密枝枸杞与原变种的区别在于前者植株分枝多而密，叶片小，狭长椭圆形、倒披针形或匙形，长1～1.8 cm，宽1.5～2.5 mm；雄蕊着生于花冠喉部，长短不等，其中两枚较短，其余3枚较长，花丝连同花冠无毛或在基部仅被稀疏短柔毛；浆果卵球形或椭圆形，长5～8 mm，直径3～6 mm，淡紫色，近透明，多汁，味甜，种子2～4粒。

Abstract:

〗 A new species of the genus Lycium L.，L.parvifolium and a new variety L.barbarum var.implicatum were described from Zhongning，Ningxia Province，western China. L.parvifolium was closely related to L.barbarum but differs from the latter by the branches zigzag，leaves comparatively small，1-2.5(-3)cm long，1.5-2(-3)mm wide，flowers 1-2，fasciculate on short branches with leaves，calyx cupular or tubular，stamens inserted at the throat of corolla tube，filaments along with corolla glabrous or sparsely pubescent；berry usually pale yellow，nearly translucent，compressed globose or ellipsoidal，6-10 mm×6-8 mm，seeds 5-8. L.parvifolium was also closed to L.dasystemum and L.turcomanicum，but in the latter two species，the branches not zigzag，flowers usually 2-3 or more fasciculate on short branches with leaves，corolla tube about 2 times as long as limb and lobes，stamens inserted at the nearly middle of corolla tube，berry usually red. Especially，in L.turcomanicum，calyx widely bell shaped，usually 4-5 lobed，corolla lobes sparsely ciliate at margin. L.barbarum var.implicatum differed from L.barbarum by the branches many and densely arranged，leaves comparatively small，1-1.8 cm long，1.5-2.5 mm wide；stamens inserted at the throat of corolla tube，unequal in length，two of them shorter，the others longer，berry pale purple，nearly transparent，ovoid or elliptical， 5-8 mm long，3-6 mm in diam.，sweet，seeds 2-4.