江西中南部观光木种群及所在群落特征研究

Studies on the characteristics of Michelia odora po pulation and its community in south central Jiangxi

关键词:  观光木  种群特征  群落特征  江西中南部

Key words:  Michelia odora  population characteristics  community characteristics  south central Jiangxi

摘要:

采用样地调查法，对赣中南观光木种群及群落特征进行了研究。结果表明：观光木种群分布格局呈集群分布，径级结构为衰退型。观光木所在群落有维管植物60科94属112种，植物生活型以高位芽植物为主，占总种数的69.64%。植物区系起源古老，成分复杂，具有明显的热带性质。群落除Pielou指数较高外，其它各种多样性指数偏低，各样地间多样性指数有一定的差异；测度观光木所在群落物种多样性时，4种多样性指数未表现出相同的趋势，Simpson指数和Pielou指数在群落不同层次的变化规律为：灌木层＞草本层＞乔木层，Shannon wiener指数和物种丰富度指数在群落不同层次的变化规律为：灌木层＞乔木层＞草本层。观光木本身的生物学特性和人类掠夺式的破坏是导致观光木种群濒危的主要原因。

Abstract:

The population and its community characteristics of Michelia odora in south central Jiangxi were analyzed，according to the statistics from 9 sample plots. The result show:the population distribution pattern was clumped，and the diameter structure was slumping type. There are 112 species of vascular plants in these communities (including varieties)with M.odora，belonging to 60 families and 96 genera. Phanerophytes are dominant in the life form spectrum，accounted for 68.42%. The floristic analysis shows the origin of its flora is very ancient，the geographical element is complex，and has obvious tropical character. Communities with M.odora had slightly low species diversity index except Pielou index，which has a little difference among investigated plots，the variation patterns of species diversity of communities with M.odora were dissimilar whichever the index was used. The order of the magnitude of Simpson and Pielou index was: shrub layer＞herb layer＞tree layer，and that of Shannon wiener and Richness index was: shrub layer＞tree layer＞herb layer. The major factors threatening the development of M.odora include innate biological characteristics and predatory destruction of habitat to natural population due to human disturbances.