巨尾桉工业原料林下植物群落学分析

Community analysis of undergrowth vegetation in industrial plantation of Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla

关键词:  巨尾桉林  林下植物  区系分析  多样性

Key words:  Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla  undergrowth plants  floristic analysis  diversity

摘要:

基于群落调查方法，对巨尾桉林下植物进行群落学分析。结果表明：巨尾桉林下植物共有维管束植物57科、124属、154种及变种，以禾本科和菊科的种类占优势；林下植物物种组成较为分散，优势属不明显；种子植物53科划分为6个分布区类型和2个变型，以热带分布科为主；种子植物120个属有14个分布区类型和7个变型，以热带分布属为主，植物区系成分较为复杂。林下植被可分为灌木层和草本层，但是分层现象不明显，草本层植物占优势，偶见有少量的层间植物分布。林下物种丰富度表现为草本层>灌木层；而Simpson指数、Shannon Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数则表现为灌木层>草本层，生境空间异质性及人为干扰活动影响了巨尾桉林下植物组成及分布。

Abstract:

Based on standard community survey methodologies，community analysis of undergrowth vegetation in the Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla industrial plantations were analyzed. The results showed that，totally 154 vascular plants species belonging to 57 families and 124 genera were found. The dominating families were Gramineae and Compositae. The distribution of different plants was dispersed. And，there were no distinguishing dominating genera. 53 spermatophyte families could be classified into six areal types and two variables，mainly composed of tropical distribution families； 120 spermatophyte genera could be classified into 14 areal types and 7 variables which were dominated by 14 tropical distribution genera as dominating areal types. The pantropic areal types accounted for 2804% of non cosmopolitan families. From the above，the flora composition of the undergrowth vegetation in the Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla industrial plantations was very complicated. There were two layers of undergrowth vegetation in the Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla industrial plantations: herbaceous layer and shrub layer，but the layers were less obviously classified and the herbaceous layer predominated. The species richenss of herbaceous layer was more than shrub layer’s. The Simpson index，Shannon Wiener index，evenness index of herbaceous layer was less than shrub layer’s. The habitat heterogeneity space and intense human disturbances had great impacts on its species composition and distribution.