江西南风面濒危植物资源冷杉生存状况及所在群落特征

Living situation and characteristics of the community of endangered Abies beshanzuensis var. ziyuanensis in Mount Nanfengmian of Jiangxi Province

关键词:  江西南风面  资源冷杉  濒危植物  生存状况  群落特征

Key words:  Mount Nanfengmian in Jiangxi Province  Abies beshanzuensis var. ziyuanensis  endangered plant  living situation  community characteristics

摘要:

资源冷杉是国家一级保护植物、中国特有种,呈极度濒危状态。采用样地调查法对江西南风面无人为干扰的原始森林资源冷杉所在群落特征进行研究,结果表明:调查群落共有维管植物68种,隶属34科47属; 含属种较多的科有杜鹃花科(2属8种)、山茶科(4属6种)、冬青科(1属6种)、樟科(2属5种)、壳斗科(3属4种),占总种数的42.0%; 热带性质的属共占非世界属总数的46.5%,温带性质的属共占48.8%,中国特有分布的属占4.7%; 古老的残遗属和亚热带山地的表征属占有极大的优势。群落乔木层可分为4层,第一亚层和第二亚层的优势种有资源冷杉、南方铁杉、南方红豆杉和多脉青冈等。调查的资源冷杉种群目前处于相对稳定的状态,所在群落是该地区的顶极群落。

Abstract:

Abies beshanzuensis var. ziyuanensis is a national protected plant of Class Ⅰ,critically endangered and endemic to China. By using sampling plot method,the research was conducted on the characteristics of the community including Abies beshanzuensis var. ziyuanensis in the virgin forest without human disturbance in Mount Nanfengmian in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that the community contained the vascular plants 68 species,belonging to 34 families and 47 genera. The dominant families mainly included Ericaceae(2 genera,8 species),Theaceae(4 genera,6 species),Aquifoliaceae(1 genus,6 species),Lauraceae(2 genera,5 species)and Fagaceae(3 genera,4 species),accounting for 42.0% of the total number of species. The tropical genera accounted for 46.5% of the total number of non-world genera,the temperate genera 48.8%,and Endemic to China genera 4.5%. Arborous layer of the community could be divided into four layers and the dominant species in the first layer and the second layer included Abies beshanzuensis var. ziyuanensis,Tsuga chinensis var. tchekiangensis,Taxus wallichiana var. mairei and Cyclobalanopsis multinervis etc. It can be concluded that the population of Abies beshanzuensis var. ziyuanensis is in a stable state and the community including the species is a climax community.