秦岭壳斗科四种植物种子雨组成及其动态变化

Composition and dynamics of seed rain in four species of Fagaceae in Qinling Mountains

关键词:  壳斗科  种子雨  自然更新  秦岭山区

Key words:  Fagaceae  seed rain  natural regeneration  Qinling Mountains

摘要:

种子雨组成及其动态变化是植物种群自然更新的一个关键阶段。2011年和2012年8-12月,在秦岭南坡佛坪国家级自然保护区内对壳斗科的四种优势植物(板栗、锐齿栎、栓皮栎和小橡子)的种子雨组成及其动态变化进行了调查研究。结果表明:(1)壳斗科四种植物的种子雨均起始于8月中上旬,至11月中下旬结束,种子掉落高峰集中在9月下旬至10月中旬之间,其中板栗的各类型种子雨掉落高峰均要早于其它三种植物;(2)无论2011年还是2012年,锐齿栎、栓皮栎和小橡子的各种子雨类型在时间动态上均存在极显著差异,而板栗的各种子雨类型在时间动态上则差异并不显著;(3)四种植物的种子雨动态在年际间存在显著差异,2011年各类型种子雨掉落密度远远大于2012年(栓皮栎除外),推测2011年可能是种子产量的相对丰年。

Abstract:

The composition and dynamic of seed rain is a key stage in plant regeneration. From August to December in 2011 and 2012,the seed rain of four Fagaceae species(Castanea mollissima,Quercus variabilis,Q. aliena,Q. glandulifera)were investigated in the Foping Nature Reserve in southern slope of Qinling Mountains. The results were as follows:(1)The seed rain of these four species began in the middle of August,and finished in the end of November. The fall peaks of seed rain were in late September to middle October,and the fall peak of each seed rain category in C. mollissima was earlier than other three species;(2)Whether in 2011 or 2012,there were significant differences in each seed rain category dynamics among Q. variabilis,Q. aliena and Q. glandulifera,but each seed rain category dynamic in C. mollissima was not significantly different;(3)There were significant differences in seed rain dynamics of these four species between years,and the seed rain density of each category was higher in 2011 than in 2012(except for Q. variabilis). This result conjectured that 2011 might be the relatively mast seeding year for these species.