黔东南侗族利用植物资源的传统知识研究

The traditional knowledge of Dong Nationality utilizing plant resources in Qiandongnan

关键词:  黔东南侗族  民族植物学  植物资源  传统知识

Key words:  Dong Nationality of Qiandongnan  Ethnobotany  plant resources  traditional knowledge

摘要:

用民族植物学观点和方法,分析聚居于贵州省黔东南的侗族民间在饮食习惯、常用医药、传统民居、生活用具、生产方式、民间信仰和自然崇拜等方面利用植物资源的传统知识。结果表明:该地区侗族日常生活涉及的植物约122种,在侗族人物质和精神生活中发挥着重要作用,包括食用植物、药用植物、染料植物、信仰植物、民居建筑及生活用具植物等。黔东南侗族在保护和利用植物资源方面积累了丰富的知识和经验,形成了具有特异性的民族文化,这些传统知识对植物资源的保育和开发利用具有重要的研究和参考价值。

Abstract:

Based on viewpoint of ethnobotany, the Dong Nationality's traditional knowledge of utilizating plant resources in Qiandongnan(southeast of Guizhou Province)were studied, including plant resources associated with the eating habits,commonly used medicine,traditional residence,living appliances,mode of production,folk belief and worship of nature and so on. And the ways of knowing,utilizing and conserving plant resources in Dong community there were analyzed,too. The results showed that there were about 122 species of plants in everyday life of Dong people in Qiandongnan. Plant resources played a very important role in their physical and mental life. The plant resources include utilized for food,pharmaceutical,dyestuff,faith,dwelling and living utensils etc. Dong people possessed a lot of knowledge and experience in utilizing plants and had created specificity ethnic culture. Many of their traditional knowledge and experience still have important values of research and reference for exploitation and utilization of plant resources in their own or other ethnic populations.