云南杜鹃群落不同海拔土壤养分状况分析

Soil nutrient characteristics of Rhododendron communities at different altitudes in Yunnan

关键词:  杜鹃  海拔高度  土壤养分

Key words:  Rhododendron  altitude  soil nutrient

摘要:

为研究云南省杜鹃属植物集中分布区的2 183～3 310 m海拔带内土壤养分受海拔高度变化及杜鹃群落种类的影响,采集了10个不同海拔高度的杜鹃群落土壤,分析土壤pH、电导率、总溶解固体量、有机质、全氮、铵态氮、全钾、全磷、全锰、全锌、全铁和全铜含量。结果表明:(1)不同海拔高度杜鹃群落土壤各养分含量差异显著,具有高山土壤养分变化的特点;(2)随着海拔高度的上升,杜鹃群落土壤的pH值、有机质、全氮、铵态氮、全锰、全锌含量均表现为沿海拔升高而呈先上升后下降再上升的分布规律,电导率、总溶解固体量、全钾、全磷、全铁和全铜含量表现为沿海拔升高而呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势;(3)杜鹃群落土壤的pH值、有机质、全氮、全钾含量与海拔之间呈现明显的相关关系。综合分析得出,土壤养分含量的变化受到海拔的影响,并且土壤各养分之间也相互影响。

Abstract:

In order to study the content of Rhododendron soil nutrients among the altitude(2183～3310 m)in Yunnan,we analyzed the characterization of the Rhododendron of soil and discussed the variation of soil nutrient with rising of the altitude. In total,the soil of Rhododendron community in ten different altitudes were collected,and the Rhododendron soil characterization including pH,electrical conductivity,total dissolved solids,organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium and mineral elements were analyzed in our study. The results were as follows:(1)The Rhododendron soil nutrients in different altitudes were significantly different with the character of stereoscopic change;(2)With the rising of the altitude,the pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,total manganese,and zinc in the soil of Rhododendron community soil was firstly increased,later decreased and finally increased. While,with the rising of the altitude,conductivity,total dissolved solids,total potassium,total phosphorus and total iron and copper in the soil of Rhododendron community showed firstly decreased,then increased and finally decreased;(3)The organic matter and total nitrogen of R. adenogynum community were higher than other species of Rhododendron at contigeous altitude. The soil nutrients in different altitudes were significant different,and soil nutrients correlated with each other.