甘蔗健康种子发芽率影响因素分析

Analysis on key influence factors of clean cane seed

关键词:  甘蔗健康种子, 基因型, 种衣剂, 保存天数, 发芽率

Key words:  clean cane seed, genotypes, seed coating, storage period, germination rate

摘要:

该研究主要通过温室沙培试验,分析了甘蔗健康种子单芽材料各因素(单芽长度、不同芽位、泡水时间)及甘蔗基因型、种衣剂及保存天数三种因素对甘蔗健康种子发芽率的影响。结果表明:不同浸泡时间、不同单芽长度和芽位对健康种子单芽发芽率的影响极显著。随着单芽长度的增加,发芽率有明显的提高; 随着泡水时间的增加,发芽率不断降低,但各处理之间差异不显著; 顶部芽位的发芽率较高,但其他芽位之间发芽率的差异不明显。甘蔗健康种子发芽率具有明显的基因型差异,其中GT28和ROC22的发芽率较高,发芽率在70%左右。种衣剂包衣处可显著提高甘蔗健康种子的发芽率,与其他种衣剂相比扑力猛包衣处理的甘蔗健康种子发芽率最高,且差异显著。随着保存天数的增加,甘蔗健康种子的发芽率不断下降,且差异显著,当保存时间超过8 d时,发芽率低于60%。

Abstract:

This study was mainly carried out to investigate single buds properties, sugarcane genotype, chemical seed coating and storage period effected on clean cane seed germination rate. An orthogonal experiment with three factors and four levels was designed to investigate the effects of single bud length(1, 2, 3, 4 cm), axillary bud position(top 2nd position, middle-upper 3rd position, middle-lower 3rd position and bottom 2nd position)and the time of single buds cane immersed in the clean water(0, 12, 24 and 48 h)on clean cane seed germination rate. The germination rate of 4 sugarcane varieties(GT21, B8, GT28 and ROC22)clean seed which was coated by 8 different eight chemical seed coatings with different storage time(2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 d)was determined after 45 d planted in sandy pot in greenhouse. The result showed that single bud length, different internodes and immersion period significantly influenced clean cane seed germination rate. The longer seed single bud obtained the higher germination rate, single bud length less than 2 cm resulted bellow 40% germination rate, while single bud length more than 4 cm got 80% germination rate. This should be the reason of longer single buds proved much more nutrients for bud germination. Extending single bud immersion period in clean water decreased germination rate, but no statistical difference was obtaind between different treatments. Different internodes buds had no significant effect on germination rate, this should be the reason of all buds had higher metabolic activity. Sugarcane genotype, chemical seed coating and storage period time significantly influenced clean cane seed germination rate and different varieties obtained different germination rate, GT 28 and ROC 22 obtained higher germination rate(>70%)among this varieties, GT21 got the lowest germination rate<50%. Chemical seed coatings obviously increased seed cane germination rate, but significantly statistical difference was obtained between different seed chemical coatings. Clean cane seed which was coated by tniticonazole obtained the highest germination rate>70%. The longer of clean cane seed was stored, the lower germination rate was resulted, and germination rate less than 60% was got when storage time extended more than 8 d. These results suggested that single bud with 3-4 cm length, immersed 24 h was better for clean cane seed germination. Tniticonazole was a good chemical seed coating to improve clean cane seed germination rate. Clean cane seed store period time should be less than 8 d. This finding would provide the basic information for clean cane seed technology.