旋转磁场对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

Effects of rotating magnetic field on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat

关键词:  旋转磁场, 小麦种子, 发芽势, 发芽率, 生理特性

Key words:  rotating magnetic field, wheat seed, germination potential, germination rate, physiological characteristic

摘要:

以“淮麦19”小麦种子为研究对象,采用磁场强度为11 mT的旋转磁场进行处理,设定不同的时间梯度(10、20、30、60 min),以未经磁场处理的为对照,研究了不同处理时间下旋转磁场对小麦种子发芽指标及幼苗生理特性的影响。结果表明:旋转磁场处理对小麦种子萌发具有促进作用,不同处理时间下,种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数均有显著提高,随着时间的增加呈现先上升后下降的趋势,以处理30 min为最高,分别比对照提高了8.24%、7.37%、11.24%。经旋转磁场处理后,小麦根系发达,根长、根数均显著高于对照; 幼苗生长加快,株高除处理60 min外,其他处理均显著高于对照,以处理30 min为最大,高出对照11.13%; 叶片数除处理10 min外,其他处理均高于对照,以处理30 min为最大,比对照高出38.89%,且差异显著。旋转磁场处理显著增加了小麦幼苗的物质积累,不同处理时间表现出不同的效果,对幼苗生物积累量影响最佳的是处理20 min。这说明旋转磁场处理提高了小麦种子的萌发能力,加快了小麦幼苗的生长速度。

Abstract:

Magnetic field treatment of seed, a new physical agricultural technology and a valuable agricultural production technique, is widely used at home and abroad. In order to study the effects of rotating magnetic field on wheat seed germination and seedling physiological characteristics, wheat seeds(Triticum aestivum cv. Huaimai 19)were treated in the rotating magnetic field with 11 mT for different times(10, 20, 30 and 60 min), and non-treatment was designed as the control CK. The seed germination potential, germination rate, germination index, plant height, root length, root number, leaf number, dry weight and fresh weight were observed in the study. The results indicated that the treatment of rotating magnetic field for different times could significantly improve wheat seed germination potential, germination rate and germination index. With the increase of time, these germination indexes showed initial increase and then subsequent decrease. The best treatment time was 30 min, where the seed germination potential, germination rate, germination index were more than the control by 8.24%, 7.37% and 11.24%. Treatment of rotating magnetic field could stimulate the development of wheat root system. Root length and root number were significantly higher than the control. It also could accelerate the growth of wheat seedling. Among all the treatments, except for the treatment for 60 min, plant height was significantly higher than the control, and the highest appeared in the treatment for 30 min, which was 11.13% more than the control; Except for the treatment for 10 min, the number of leaves was higher than the control, and the highest appeared in the treatment for 30 min, which was significantly higher than the control by 38.89%. By the treatment of rotating magnetic field for different times, wheat seedling aboveground fresh and dry biomass, underground fresh and dry biomass were higher than the control, and biomass of wheat seedlings showed a low-high-low tendency with the increase of time. The highest appeared in the treatment for 20 min, which were significantly higher than the control. In conclusion, appropriate range of rotating magnetic field has positive effects on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat.