云南古林箐喀斯特森林大样地木本植物区系地理学研究（附录）

Floristic geography of woody plants in the big plot of Gulinqing karst forest in Yunnan Province

关键词:  植物区系谱, 植物区系地理, 古林箐, 滇东南, 热带喀斯特森林

Key words:  floristic spectrum, floristic geography, Gulinqing, Southeast Yunnan, tropical karst forest

摘要:

该文以云南古林箐25 hm²喀斯特森林大样地为研究对象,通过样地调查、标本采集及鉴定、植物区系分析、Jaccard相似性系数和主成分分析(PCA)等方式开展工作,目的是探究云南古林箐大样地的区系特征及地位以及与云南补蚌和广西弄岗大样地之间的地理联系。结果表明:(1)DBH≥1 cm的木本植物约有78科238属406种(含种下单位且不包括木质藤本)。(2)该大样地科以含2～5种和含1种的科占优势,分别占总科数的37.18%和34.62%,属以含2～4种和含1种的属占优势,分别占总属数的30.25%和65.13%。(3)通过对科和属分布区类型进行分析,发现科的分布区类型有9种类型和7种变型,其中“泛热带分布”的类型占比最大,占50.77%,热带区系成分与温带区系成分的比值(R/T)为4.42; 属的分布区类型有11种,以“热带亚洲成分”为主,“泛热带成分”和“旧世界热带成分”次之,分别占33.47%、18.22%、13.98%,R/T为10.25。(4)云南古林箐、云南补蚌和广西弄岗大样地科和属组成的Jaccard相似性系数比较显示古林箐和补蚌具有最高的科和属相似性系数(分别为0.674和0.395),补蚌和弄岗的科和属的相似性系数最低(分别为0.575和0.297)。(5)属的植物区系谱PCA分析与属的相似性系数分析结果类似,但是科的PCA分析结果与科的相似性分析结果不同,科PCA分析结果显示古林箐和弄岗具有更多的地理联系。综上认为,该样地科属组成丰富、热带性质显著、区系起源古老、过渡地位明显、区系联系广泛。物种组成和植物区系谱比较不能得出上述3个地区一致的地理联系结果。

Abstract:

Based on the 25 hm² karst forest big plot in Gulinqing, Yunnan, we carried out sample-plot investigation, specimen collection and identification, floristic analysis, Jaccard similarity coefficient and principal component analysis(PCA), in order to explore its floristic characteristics and the status of the Gulinqing big plot in Yunnan and the geographical relationships among Gulinqing in Yunnan, Bubeng in Yunnan, and Nonggang in Guangxi, China. The results were as follows:(1)There were about 78 families, 238 genera, and 406 species(including infraspecies taxa and excluding woody vines)of woody plants with DBH≥1 cm.(2)In the plot, the families with 2-5 species and with one species were dominant and accounted for 37.18% and 34.62% of the total number of families, respectively, while the genera with 2-4 species and with one species were also dominant and accounted for 30.25% and 65.13% of the total number of genera, respectively.(3)Through analysis of the areal-types of families and genera, it was found that it had been divided into 9 areal-types and 7 variations at the family level, and the proportion of families was the highest at Pantropic, accounting for 50.77%, and the ratio of tropical flora to temperate flora(R/T)was 4.42; there were 11 areal-types at the genera level, mainly composed of Tropical Asian, Pantropic, Old World Tropics, accounting for 33.47%, 18.22%, and 13.98%, respectively, and R/T of the genera was 10.25.(4)The composition of Gulinqing, Bubeng and Nonggang big plots showed that Gulinqing and Bubeng had the highest similarity in family and genera level at Jaccard similarity coefficient(0.674 and 0.395, respectively), and Bubeng and Nonggang with the smallest Jaccard similarity coefficient(0.575 and 0.297, respectively).(5)The analysis results of the floristic spectrum PCA and the Jaccard similarity coefficient in the level of genera were similar, but different one at the level of families, e.g. a higher geographical connection between Gulinqing and Nonggang through the PCA analysis of family. In summary, this plot has a high diversity of families and genera, significant tropical characteristics, ancient floristic characteristics, obvious transitional status and extensive flora connections. However, there is an inconsistent geographical connection among Gulinqing, Bubeng and Nonggang from the composition and floristic spectrum.