内蒙古国家重点保护野生植物县域分布及其保护现状

County-level distribution and conservation status of national key protected wild plants in Inner Mongolia

关键词:  国家重点保护野生植物, 保护现状, 县域分布, 内蒙古, 保护措施, 自然保护区

Key words:  national key protected wild plants, conservation status, county-level distribution, Inner Mongolia, protection measurements, natural reserve

摘要:

为了厘清内蒙古国家重点保护植物的县域分布、受威胁程度以及保护现状,并使其能够得到更加全面的保护,该文根据野外调查记录和标本采集,并查阅内蒙古大学标本馆(HIMC)、中国数字植物标本馆(CVH)等馆藏标本以及相关文献,整理出内蒙古国家重点保护野生植物县级分布数据,并进行分析和评价。结果表明:(1)内蒙古国家重点保护野生植物共48种,数据缺乏(DD)的有1种,濒危(EN)的有10种,易危(VU)的有19种,近危(NT)的有10种,无危(LC)的有8种。其中,低等植物3种,高等植物45种; 重点保护的高等植物占内蒙古高等植物的1.4%(45/3 205),其中苔藓植物占0.2%(1/586)、裸子植物占4.0%(1/25)、被子植物占1.6%(43/2 619)。(2)在县域分布上,阿拉善左旗分布最多(15种),其次为鄂伦春自治旗(13种)、牙克石市(12种)、克什克腾旗(11种)、阿拉善右旗(10种)、额尔古纳市(10种),其余旗县分布的国家重点保护植物均小于10种。(3)44种国家重点保护野生植物在现有自然保护区中得到不同程度的保护,其中仅在国家级自然保护区分布有12种,仅在自治区级自然保护区分布的有4种,在国家级保护区和自治区级保护区均分布的有28种; 有4种植物未受到自然保护区的保护。该文为内蒙古国家重点保护植物今后的监测及保护提出了对策和建议。

Abstract:

In order to clarify the county-level distribution of national key protected plants in Inner Mongolia, their threatened degree and the current status of protection based on field surveys, specimen collections, and literature review of herbarium specimens from the Inner Mongolia University(HIMC), Chinese Virtual Herbarium(CVH). The compiled county-level distribution data of key protected wild plants in Inner Mongolia were evaluated and analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)There were 48 key protected wild plants in Inner Mongolia, including 1 species with data deficiency(DD), 10 species in endangered(EN), 19 species in vulnerable(VU), 10 species in near threatened(NT)and 8 species as least concern(LC). Among them, there were 3 lower plants and 45 higher plants. The key protected higher plants account for 1.4%(45/3 205)of the higher plants in Inner Mongolia, with moss plants accounting for 0.2%(1/586), gymnosperms accounting for 4.0%(1/25), and angiosperms accounting for 1.6%(43/2 619).(2)In terms of county-level distribution, Alxa Left Banner had the most species(15 species), followed by Oroqen Autonomous Banner(13 species), Yakeshi City(12 species), Hexigten Banner(11 species), Alxa Right Banner(10 species)and Erguna City(10 species). The number of national protected plants distributed in other counties was less than 10 species.(3)A total of 44 species of national key protected wild plants were protected in existing nature reserves; among them, 12 species were only distributed in national nature reserves, 4 species were only distributed in autonomous region level nature reserves, and 28 species were distributed in both national reserves and autonomous region level reserves; 4 species were not protected by nature reserves. Based on the above results, we have put forward strategies and recommendations for the future monitoring and protection of the national key protected plant species in Inner Mongolia.